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Volume 18, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Hirosi Toriumi, Tetuo Osita, Satoru Komatiya, Syoziro Fuziwara1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe automatic beats in crustacean heart, are maintained by impulses produced in the pace-maker which is consisted of ganglion cells. Such is called a neurogenic heart. Acetylcholine acts upon the neurogenic heart to accelerate the heart heart. The action potentials of both the ganglion cells in the pace-maker and of the cardiac muscle in Cambarus' heart were recorded simultaneously.
Acetylcholine increases strength of action potentials of cardiac muscle, without any effect on spike potentials of ganglion cells, both in frequency and amplitude. Eserine and DFP, which are inhibitor of cholinesterases, accelerates the action poentials of both ganglion cells and cardiac muscle. They are known to be able to penetrate into the neuron through the plasma membrane, but acetylcholine is nonpermeable.
Eserine and DFP, which inhibit cholinesterases in ganglion cells elevate the excitability of the pace-maker of neurogenic heart. Acetylcholine should play a role as a transmitter of impulses from nervous elements of the pace-maker to cardiac muscle. We think that the existence of the neuro-humoral mechanism is very probable in the neurogenic heart as in the myogenic heart.View full abstractDownload PDF (657K) -
Wataru Sato1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 6-9
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present experiments were planned to demonstrate whether deposition of fluorine in bone can be prevented, or elimination of fluorine from the crystal surfaces of the bone mineral can be accelerated by injection of sodium citrate.
High level of fluorine (150 p. p. m. F.) was administered orally to group I albino rats, weighing 50-70g, together with injection of sodium citrate while to group II together with the injection of physiological saline. Althougher higher concentration of citrate in femurs was found in group I than that of group II, however, as to fluoride content no appreciable difference could be seen between the two groups.
To group III, distilled water was administered orally together with injection of sodium citrate. Consequently, group I was found to contain less citrate in femurs than group III. Namely, citrate ion competes with fluoride ion on the crystal surfaces of the bone mineral, and fluoride ion can replace citrate ion, however, citrate ion cannot take the place of fluoride ion, since both of them are charged negatively.
Following administration of high level of fluorine for seven days, fluoride ion seemed to deposite on bone to a certain extent, then sodium citrate was injected to group IV, and physiological saline to group V for five days. It was found that the citrate content in bones of group IV increased more than that of the group V, nevertheless, as to the fluoride content no appreciable difference could be seen between the two groups. The evidences obtained indicate that citrate ion does not displace already deposited fluoride ion in the mineral surfaces.View full abstractDownload PDF (574K) -
ESPECIALLY ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGIC AND ELECTRONMICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF AMNIONIC MEMBRANE OF HATCHED EGGSYoshiya Akamatsu1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 10-33
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo tenth cc of mumps-virus, known as Showa B and D strain (the hemagglutination titre was 320 and 640) and Enders strain (the hemagglutination titre was 480) inoculated into amnionic cavities of hatched eggs of white leghorn which were incubated for 7 days. Eggmembrane of embryo were fixed immediately after eggs were brocken out on the 12th day of incubation, and amnionic membrane was examined histologically and electronmicroscopically.
The existence and quantity of virus were determined by the reaction of chick bloodcell agglutination. Remarkable changes were observed in the epithelium and nucleus histopathologically.
i) epithelium : vacuolar degeneration, irregulat ordination, swelling and proliferation.
ii) nucleus : ballooning, vacuolar degeneration, pyknosis and diminishing of mitochondria in high degree.
iii) under-layer of epithelium : edematous changes.
The synthetic findings of amnionic membrane showed that changes in the case of “hemagglutination-positive” are more conspicuous than in the case of “negative”, with out the hemagglutination titre.
The changes by Showa B strain are a slightly stronger than by Showa D strain and are weakest by Enders strain in comparison with other strains. Reversely, the most remarkable pathological changes have been observed in the group inoculated with virus (Showa B strain, agglutination titre 320) . As compared with the group dealt with amnion, the control shows only slight changes, and furthermore both are weaker than the group treated with mumps-virus.
It is interesting to note that an inclusion-like body was observed in the “negative” case of group inoculated with virus (hemagglutination titre 320, Showa D strain in the 73-th generation) .
In the electronmicroscopic findings are as follows:
i) B strain : ballooning and vacuolar degeneration of intracellular endoplasmic reticulum in each layer and mitochondria.
ii) D strain : cystic changes of the outer layer, an inclusion body missing virus adjacent to the nucleus and the existence of matrix.
iii) E strain : intercellular vacuolar degeneration, ballooning pyknosis of mitochondria, sand ballooning and vacuolar degeneration of endoplasmic reticulum.View full abstractDownload PDF (8340K) -
ESPECIALLY THE CHANGES IN KIDNEYMunenori Tokimi1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 34-45
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRabbits were preliminary blockaded with carbon cinnabar or carmine fluid and inoculated with supernatant fluid obtained by centrifuge 15 minutes at 3, 000 r. p. m. of 1: 10 emulsion of brain taken from the mouse infected with Japanese encephalitis virus (Nakayama strain) and manifesting the symptoms.
Rabbits were inoculated with 0.7 cc of the supernatant intravenously and 0.1 cc of the same fluid into the parenchyma of the brain tissue.
Cerebral changes and changes in kidney were comparedd histopathologically.
Parallel relationship between the degree of infection and histopathological chages in kidney were observed. Although the principal importance should be placed in the degenerative changes in loop epithelium in glomerulus, it was hard to ignore the inflammatory elements such as multinuclear cells, exudation and circulation arrest. In view of the above, the anther included the changes in the category of acute glomerulitis. The decrease or disappearance of the argentafiinity of the fibers of the glomerular and basement membrane of uriniferous tubular was partly attributed to the degeneration of uriniferous tubular epithelium, and partly to the circulation arrest in the interstitium.
Resolution and necrosis of the tubules and glomeruli were observed in 6 cases. These facts give ample proof in considering the route of infection and mechanism of action of toxic substance of Japanese encephalitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (4436K) -
Toshiteru Wada1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 46-54
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSechs Fälle der Massenbltung des Gehirns, die lurch die Blutdrucksteigerungen verschiedener Aetiologie verursacht Bind waren pathologisch-anatomisch in folgender Weise untersucht : emn Frontalschnitt, welcher den grössten Fläche des Blutungsherdes einschl iess and den Ausbreitungbereich der Hirnvolumzunahme, sei es diffus, sei es zirkumskript, erkennen lässt, ist angestellt. Auf der Schnittfläche war eine Zone von 1.5 - 2.0 cm Breite bestimmt, welche nach dem ausgeprägt volumzugenommenen Hirnteil gerichtet wird. Nachdem dies zonenartige Stück ins zwei oder drei Blöcke eingeteilt woren war, wurden die Blöcke zur histologischen Untersuchung zur Verfügung gestanden. Dabei wurden ausser Ganglienzell and Markscheidenveränderungen besonderen Aufmerksamkeiten auf die veränderte perivas kuläre Struktur des intracerebralen Gefässes einerseits (Takeuchi, Acta path jap, Suppl. 6, 765, 1956), auch auf die Verbreitung dieser Veränderungen inmittens Gehirns (teritoriale Berücksichtigung) anderseits gelenkt. Zum demselben Zweck wurden auch zehn diesartige Blutungsfälle unsystematisch untersucht.
Daraus kommt dem Schluss an, dass die verschiedenen Veränderungen perivaskulärer Struktur des Hirngefässes f estgestellt wurden, welche eine gestörte Bluthirnschranke nachweisen angehalten ist. Auf der Tatsache fussend, lass dies Bud von Schrankenstörung in dem weft entfernten Bezirk von dem Blutungsherd getroffen wurde, ist die Folgerung gezogen, lass der Vorgang, der die Hirnblutungskranken zum Ableben führt, nicht nur aus der Zersetzung des Hirngewebs lurch Blutung selbst, sondern auch aus in verschiedener Ausmass, ausgebreiteter gestörter Blut-Hirnschranke besteht.View full abstractDownload PDF (7434K) -
Report I. Reverse mutation and accompaning changes produced in general biological charactersTetsuo Nogami1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 55-66
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMutabile type variant of Murase (M-type variant) was isolated, as reported by Numata, from the old broth cultures of the several strains of Salmonela typhi (V or VW form), and galactose fermenting daughter of Fukutome et al (RT variant) was isolated from this variant availing galactose peptone water cultures in dilution method. This variation from M-type variant to RT has already been confirmed by Fukutome et al in other species of bacteria.
Antigenically, M-type variant, its galactose fermenting daughter RT variant and galactose non-fermenting daughter MT variant were found to possess O, H and Vi antigens in common with their starting original strain. Further, the presence of Vi capsules too was confirmed on all of the above strains by Ando's staining method.
But a paradoxical phenomenon was observed on their virulence in mice. Namely, the virulence of the original type and RT variant was strong while the virulence of M-type variant and MT variant was weak, when mucin bacterial suspensions were used.
In other words, M-type variant was different from its starting original type on the points that its virulence in mice is weak, the colonies formed on agar plate are rough and its growth is inhibited by galactose, etc.
On the contrary, RT variant presented the biological characters exactly the same as those of the starting original type. Therefore, this RT variant is considered to be a so-called in vitro reverse mutant of M-type variant to its original type.
Discussions on this variation will be supplemented in the following report.View full abstractDownload PDF (5731K) -
Report II. Its Virulence and Fate in MiceTetsuo Nogami1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 67-75
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our previous report, a proof has been given on the fact that there exists a variation from the mutabile type variant (M-type) to its galactose fermenting daughter (RT-type), and an inference was given, on the basis of its general biological charactcrs, that this RT variant might be the reverse mutant of M-type variant to its original type.
In the present study, in order to know the in vivo fate of those microorganisms, a culture of M-type variant of Salmonella typhi Ishikawa or Murata strain (VW form) was mixed with a culture of. the original type or with that of RT variant which is considered to be the reverse mutant, and inoculated intraperitoneally into mice for autopsy and culture.
Results of the experiment revealed that:
1. In the former case, the colonies of original type were easily demonstrable while the detection of the colonies of M-type variant was difficult.
2. In the latter case, the colonies of RT variant were easily demonstrable while the detection of M-type variant was difficult.
Namely, M-type variant showed a marked decrease within an hour afer intraperitoneal inoculation of the mixed cultures. And following the elapse of time, the colonies of original type or RT became predominant. When mucin bacterial suspensions were used, the experimental animal died of sepsis.
The microorganisms of M-type variant are considered to be easily killed and moreover their prolifelative activity is poor in vivo, whereas, the microorganisms of the original type and RT variant have much stronger resistance and prolifelative activity.
Since the starting mother of RT variant is M-type variant, the in vivo findings mentioned above too suggest that RT variant is a Reverse mutant from M-type variant to its original type.
Further experiments of this series will follow in the third report.View full abstractDownload PDF (1137K) -
Masataka Miyake1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 76-90
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been noticed that by long period (about 3 months) oral administration of p-aminoanthrachinon, kidneys of rats showed remarkable atrophic sclerotic lesions. In order to analyse the histological process of these changes, 0.01g (early stage) -0.27g (later stages) of p-aminoanthrachion were administered orally (rats were fed with p-aminoanthrachinon for 4-40 days) and kidneys were examined histologically.
In the early stages, yellowish needle-shaped crystals blockade some proximal convolution, thick limbs of Henle's loops and collecting tubules. As time went by, many crystals obstructed mainly the proximal convolution and the tubular epithelium near the casts of the crystals were partly lost, partly flattered or detached from the basement membrane. The granulation were formed with the foreign body giant cells around the obstructed crystals and the destruction of the nephrons with casts and compensative enlargement of remaining nephrons occurred. The gromeruli swelled up in the middle stage and later showed thickening, hyalization and atrophy of the capillary sling. The interstitial fibrosis and cell infiltration increased gradually from the middle stage.View full abstractDownload PDF (23941K) -
Kowashi Iwashige, Tatsuo Takagi1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 91-93_1
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo male case, aged 43 and 23, with Schamberg's disease were experienced. Red brown pigmented patches, without subjective symptom, developed gradually and progressively on both lower thighs symmetrically in the first case and on only right lower thigh in the second case.
Histopathologic examination of both patients showed hemosiderin granules with positive Berlinerblau reaction.
They are now under observation, being treated with vitamin C 500 mg inravenously and carbon dioxide snow once a week.View full abstractDownload PDF (4616K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1958 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 94-96
Published: March 30, 1958
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (373K)
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