Histopathological changes of histamine and parathion intoxication were compared employing the mice which had shown a survival period of approximately 30 days. Mortality rate of the groups received histamine 1-25 mg/kg was 20-30 %, while it showed only but a slight elevation in spite of the administration of 50 mg/kg. On the other hand, the mortality rate of the groups received parathion 2-4 mg/kg was 26.6-31.2%, while it became 73.3% by the administration 8 mg/kg, 80% by 16 mg/kg and 93.3% by 24 mg/kg evidently demonstrating its high toxicity.
Degenerative changes characterized by the mucoid degeneration of glandular epithelium, fusing changes of the cell membrane, degeneration of the adjacent basal membrane, tissue trauma etc, as seen in both experiments No. 1 and No. 2, are indicating the formation of cyst by the fusion of glandular ducts. These changes, however, were more remarkable in the groups admini-stered of parathion. In the groups administered of parathion, moreover, there were interstitial vascular damages and hydropic changes produced by circulatory disturbances indicating the difference in the mechanism of the production of lesions between the two experimental groups.
Proliferation of reservel cells was recognized in the part of regenerated glandular epithelium stimulating further regeneration of the epithelial cells. Histological changes observed in the lingual gland of both histamine and parathion administered mice are considered to be due to the hypoximic effect caused by the chemicals.
Changes observed in the glandular tissues of the mice administered of histamine are mainly those of secondary and direct type, while those of the mice administered of parathion, in addition to the secondary and direct type changes, are produced by the participation of indirect type changes.

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Sodium nitrite and naphthalin, both of which are known as methemoglobin forming poisons, are administered on rabbits by injection in a daily dose of 40 mg, 60 mg, 80 mg/kg for the former and 0.1g, 0.3g and 1.0g/kg for the latter, and the influence of anoxemia and hypoxemia thus produced on the kidney was studied by the pato-morphological investigations of the lesions observed in a short term administration group and a long term administration group.
In the group administered of sodium nitrite, the changes charrcterized by circulatory disturbance such as arterial and venous congestion and edema were remarkable, while the swelling, decomposition and fusing of glomeruli, degenerative and necrotic changes in the tubular epitherium were moderate. In the group of long term administration, futher, sclerotic changes were dominant and there were observed the prolof eration, tear and collagenization of the vascular elastic fibers.
In the group administered of naphthalin, the degenerative and tissue traumatic changes in the tubular epithelium were remarkable in addition to the changes of circulatory disturbance in the stroma. In the group of long term administration, further, the glomerular stroma was hydropic accompanied by mild fibrosis and hyalinization. Reticular fibers of Bowman's capsule and tubular basal membrane were found to have proliferated showing marked bifurcation and tear. Cellular infiltration and fibrosis were recongnized in the stroma, and vascular walls were found to have swollen showing proliferation, degeneration and atrophy of the elastic fibers.
On investigating the morphlogical changes produced in the kidney, it was found first thatt there occur the circulatory disturbance due to the changes produced in blood components and, at the same time, an increase in the vascular permeability due to the hypoxemic influence and the resultant functional distrubance inviting the development of hydropic changes in the pen-vascular region. On the other hand, epithelial cells were found to uneergo degeneration and necrosis by the hypoxemic influence caused by the changes produced in blood components together with the disturbance of intracellular oxidation. As for the hydropic changes produced in the peri-vascular region, in addition to its intrinsic hydroscopic screlosis, there occurred the proliferation of reticular fibers and collagen fibers as repair reaction advancing into collagenization and inviting tissue sclerotic changes. Vasculosclerotic changes, moreover, is considered to further impair blood circulation enhancing hypoxemic state of the kidney, and the development of renosclerotic changes.

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Serum Copper and Serum Ceruloplasmin at the condition of healthy nonpregnancy, normal pregnancy, vomiting of pregnancy, and toxemia of pregnancy was surveied about 113 females, reserched the alteration of Hemoglobin Value, Erythrocytes and Leucocytes count besides.
The average of the contorol group (healthy, nonpregnant females) showed: Serum Copper 97.4±14.1 γ/dl. Serum Ceruloplasmin 12.6±1.8 mg/dl, Hemoglobin Value 81.6±4.1 % Sahli, , Erythrocytes Count (417.2±11.6) ×10⁴, Leucocytes Count 6380±410.
By the occasion of normal pregnancy, Serum Copper began to increase from two-months. At the three-months it began to increase precipitously. After the four-months it increased month by month, and had an apparent increase after the nine-months again. At the ten-months pregnancy it had the highest figure.
Serum Ceruloplasimin began to increase precipitously at the three-months. After the four-months, it increased month by month and at the ten-months pregnancy, it had the highest figure.
Hemoglobin Value and Erthrocytes Count began to decrease from three-months pregnancy gradually, and show the lowest at eight-months pregnancy. But they appeared to have the rising figure after that.
Leucocytes Count appeared to have the increasing figure from the three-months pregnancy, but after that, there was no real change. At the end of Pregnancy, it began to increase again.
In Hyperemesis gravidarum, Serum Copper and Serum Ceruloplasmin increased a little more than the mean value of healthy nonpregnancy, but were apparently lower than two-months or three-months healthy pregnancy.
To compare with the mean value of healthy nonpregnancy, Hemoglobin Value and Erythrocytes count decreased in Hyperemesis gravidarum, but Leucocytes is inclined to increase in it.
In Toxemia of pregnancy, Serum Copper and Serum Ceruloplasmin was higher than the normal pregnancy's, and they apparently appeared to increase more than the end of normal pregnancy.
Hemoglobin Value in Toxemia of pregnancy showed clearly the lower than the normal pregnancy's and its Erythrocytes Count was same. But its Leucocytes Count was inclined to increase apparently.

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