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Volume 52 (1992)
- Issue 6 Pages 595-
- Issue 5 Pages 461-
- Issue 4 Pages 369-
- Issue 3 Pages 241-
- Issue 2 Pages 123-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 52, Issue 6
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Kunihiko FUKUCHI, Takaharu MOGI, Karin CHIN, Yasushi TAKAGI, Kunihide ...1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 595-604
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have accumulated statistics of the identification and susceptibility of clinically isolated bacteria at Showa University Hospital, during the year July 1991 to June 1992. Detailed and accurate results of identification and susceptibility can be produced by AUTOSCAN-4 (Baxter, CA) .Staphylococcus aureusandPseudomonas aeruginosawere most frequently isolated. Otherr isolated bacteria were considered to have originated from resident flora or the environment. According to the susceptibility test, about 53% ofS. aureusisolates were identified as Methicillin ResistantS. aureus (MRSA), and 16% ofP. aeruginosaisolates showed extreme drug-resistance against the various antimicrobial agents. Many of both species were isolated from respiratory systems. Other species also showed resistance against various antibiotics ; each has its own unique susceptibility pattern. Thus, antibiotics against these species should be carefully determined. MRSA were isolated from 100-150 patients out of a total of 1, 000 inpatients in the hospital per month. Thirty percent of the patients infected with MRSA were also infected withP. aeruginosa.This indicates the difficulty of antimicrobial treatment of these multi infected patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (852K) -
Raita AMEMIYA, Etsuo FUJIMAKI, Hiroshi TAKEDA, Katsuji OGUCHI1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 605-613
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of low level laser (LLL) irradiation on thermal nociception (TN) -induced pain, and on TN-induced amine dynamic changes in central dopaminergic, serotonergic and noradrenergic nervous systems were investigated and compared with the effects of electric acupuncture (EA) . The Tsu-San-Li point (S36) in the rat left hind foot was irradiated by LLL (Ga-AI-As semiconductor laser, 830nm, 30mV) . EA treatment or LLL irradiation significantly increased the threshold of TN-induced pain estimated by tail flick latency. TN-induced increases in dopamine, 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) contents in the hypothalamus and midbrain-thalamus were significantly inhibited by EA treatment, but LLL irradiation enhanced the increases in DOPAC and HVA. TN-induced increases in serotonin (5-HT) and/or 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) contents were not affected by EA treatment, but LLL irradiation significantly inhibited these neurochemical changes. LLL irradition significantly increased 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglcol (MHPG) content in the hypothalamus, midbrain-thalamus and medulla-pons. EA treatment increased 5-HT and/or 5-HIAA contents in cervical, thoracic and lumbar cords, but LLL irradiation decreased 5-HIAA content in thoracic and lumbar cords. Decrease in norepinephrine content and/or increase in MHPG content in spinal cord regions were caused by EA treatment or LLL irradiation. These findings suggest that LLL irradiation inhibits the formation of pain induced by TN, and, the enhancement of central noradrenergic nervous activity is involved in the analgesic effect induced by LLL irradiation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1076K) -
Minoru KATOH1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 614-622
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, more chest radiography are being taken by computed radiography (CR) using the energy subtraction method. It has, however, been found, that the quality of chest CR is affected by noise, and has more coarse graininess than conventional chest radiography. In the present study, chest radiography was observed by the one shot dual energy subtraction method in CR. The chest radiographs were taken with or without a grid (grid-ratios 8: 1, 12: 1, and 16: 1), to compare the effects of noise, and scattered radiation was measured in a water phantom by a fluorescence quality meter. The scatter fraction at 8.7 cm in thickness of the phantom (equal to chest of 20 cm in thickness) was 59% without a grid and tended to decrease with the higher grid ratios. Six chest computed radiographs of a person with chest of 20 cm in thickness were taken with and without grids. In all exposures, the radiation doses reaching the imaging plate (IP) or the skin were kept constantly. Evaluation of these six radiographs was done by utilizing the modified BRH method by 10 observers (5 radiologists and 5 radiological technicians) . The results were as follows: 1) The best evaluation (the highest score) was obtained in the radiograph with a grid ratio of 8: 1, when the exposure dose at the IP and the skin were constant. 2) The second best evaluation was the radiograph without a grid when the skin exposure dose was contant. 3) The third grade evaluation was the radiograph taken with a grid ratio of 16: 1, when the exposure dose at the IP was kept constantly.View full abstractDownload PDF (3812K) -
Koichiro YAMADA, Tian-Zhen FU, Masako MIYASHITA, Keiichi ISHOYAMA1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 623-630
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCases of 42 children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) are reviewed. They had been admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital between January 1980 and December 1989, were followed for over 2 years after onset. Ages ranged between three month and 11 years 10 months. There were 20 males and 22 females. Types of disease were: 31 cases of acute type, 6 cases of chronic type, and 5 cases of recurrent type. High doses of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIG) were administered in 14 cases (5 for IVIG, 9 for IVIG+corticosteroid) ; corticosteroid (PSL) was given in 15 cases; and symptomatic treatment was applied in 13 cases. Previous infections had occurred for 71.4% of the cases, mostly upper respiratory tract infections. In the IVIG group (14 cases, 18 courses), platelet counts in a few cases reached 5×104/μl within 24 hours. Within 5 days, platelet counts of most cases reached 5×104/μl. However, platelet counts were lower than 5×104/μl in a few chronic and recurrent cases even after 10 days. In the PSL group (15 cases, 17 courses), only 5 cases (7 courses) were confirmed to have more than 5×104/μl platelet counts within 5 days. In the symptomatic treatment group (13 cases, 14 courses), only 5 cases (5 courses) had a similar tendency. Platelet counts incresed more rapidly in the IVIG group than in the others. About 54% of chronic and recurrent types recovered 2 and 4 years after onset, and there were no differences due to treatment methods. At onset no relation was evident between platelet count and IgG level for a disease type.View full abstractDownload PDF (827K) -
Kohzou FUJI, Shouichi KADOWAKI, Hiroyuki TAKIZAWA, Hajime ISHIDA, Hide ...1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 631-637
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProstatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostatic specific antigen (PA) and γ-seminoprotein (γ-SM) are well known as serum markers for prostatic carcinoma. These markers are located histochemically only in the epithelial cells of the prostate. We tried to examine whether or not there was any correlation between plasma levels of these markers, volume of the prostate, and its histological components, i. e., the gland, the epithelium and the stroma. The study was conducted in 67 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Prostatic volume was estimated by transrectal ultrasonography. Volume density of the glandular, stromal and epithelial part of the prostate tissue was determined by morphometric analysis (point-counting technique) . Prostatic volume was multiplied by volume density of each part, the product being volume of each part. Volumes of the prostate, the glandular part, the epithelial part and the stromal part were found to be 46.89±20.21cm3, 18.25±8.94cm3, 8.98±3.83cm3and 28.64±12.35cm3 (mean± SD), respectively. The serum PAP, PA and γ-SM levels were measured to be 1.67±0.78 ng/ml, 2.64±1.12 ng/ml, and 4.23±2.02 ng/ml, respectively. The prostate, glandular, and epithelial volumes were significantly correlated with the serum levels of PAP and γ-SM, but correlation with the PA level was not significant. The PAP and γ-SM levels were also significantly correlated with the stromal volume. The data suggest that serum levels of these markers can be related to the epithelial volume, but influence of the stromal volume must not be neglected. Correlations of PA and γ-SM with the epithelial volume were not necessarily parallel.View full abstractDownload PDF (789K) -
Hirohisa KATOH1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 638-646
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe speed of perfusion that produces minimum damage to the fully perfused rat liver has been macroscopically, biochemically and histologically assessed. The effect of intravenous administration of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) to donors was also assessed. (Experiment 1) As a result of perfusing harvested liver with 20 ml Hartmann's D solution at rates of 0.05, 0.25, 4, and 16 ml/gBW /h in Groups I, II, III and IV, respectively, the amount of enzyme escaping from the liver was significantly high in the perfusate of Group IV, but favorable histological results were obtained in Groups II and III. Each group, I -IV, was then divided into Groups A, B and C. (Experiment 2) Intravenous administration of 5μg/ml PGE1to Groups I -IV at speeds of 5, 15, and 45 ng/gBW/10 min in Groups (I -IV) A, (I -IV) B and (I -IV) C, respectively, tended to reduce the observed biochemical and histological disorder in Groups I -III, and higher doses tended to alleviate the disorder observed in Group IV. (Experiment 3) To judge the effects of PGEI on liver preservation after perfusing the liver at 0.5 ml/gBW /h, simple storage for the minimum time with and without PGE1of Group C were compared, and also simple storage for 6 hours with and without PGEI of Group C were compared. Survival rate tended to improve, although no significant difference was observed biochemically or histologically. From the above, it was found that the optimum rate of hepatic perfusion has a wide permissible range from 0.25 to 4 ml/gBW/h. The possibility is also suggested that administration of PGE1to donors will alleviate disorders caused by hepatic perfusion, and bring about improved chance of survival.View full abstractDownload PDF (9443K) -
Hiroaki NOBUHARA, Sadamu ANZAI1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 647-657
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHealth services based on the law for health and medical services for the aged have been carried out in Japan since 1983. Health services, except medical care, have been carried out on the responsibility of local governments (cities, wards, towns and villages), but there are much differences among them in the health services provided. Therefore, we thus tried to develop a new method for self-evaluation of health services. Each local government must submit a report of its health services to the national government every year. We analyzed the reports by various indices, which could be easily calculated from the reports and the populations. From these, we made evaluation tables of the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles for each index. The tables consist of three kinds of sheets: ‘villages and towns’, ‘cities’and‘ordinance-designated cities and special wards in Metropolitan Tokyo’, and they can be evaluated by considering characteristics of the areas. The method should enable persons in charge of health services in various local governments to evaluate their achievements during each work day, and these evaluations should be useful in planning the health services.View full abstractDownload PDF (1253K) -
Yumi WATANABE, Yoshihiko MIURA, Masaya ANZAI1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 658-668
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have researched the effective factors concerning the medical care expenditure for diseases of the circulatory system of the aged in a town in Kanagawa prefecture in July, 1991. For the analysis, data was grouped into 6 types by the combination of primary-diagnosis and secondary-diagnosis: Primary-diagnosis was classified into diseases of the circulatory system, and diseases outside of the circulatory system. Secondary-diagnosis was classified into diseases of the circulatory system, diseases outside of the circulatory system, and no diseases. The results were as follows; (1) The average outpatient cost in the town investigated was less than that in Kanagawa prefecture, and that in the whole country. However, the proportions of costs of circulatory system diseases and outpatients are both at the top of the diseases. (2) 2 Particularly, it is clear that the number of hypertensive outpatients with cerebral hemorrhage is highest among both primary and secondary-diagnosis. (3) It is also clear that both costs and visits of patients with diseases of the circulatory system and those with diseases outside of the circulatory system are not significant. (4) Outpatient cost per a day is influenced by sex (male), age-group (70 to 74 years), diagnosis types and medication. We belive that these findings will be of value in determining the payment structure for geriatric medical care, and in the research methodology of medical costs under the Health and Medical Services Law for the Aged.View full abstractDownload PDF (1336K) -
—SECOND REPORT—RELATION OF TYPE AND SEVERITY OF CLEFT DEFECT WITH SEX AND MOTHER'S AGE AT DELIVELYNaoshige IIDA, Sekiko KIYOTA, Kouichi KADOMATU, Yasutoshi NEKODA1992 Volume 52 Issue 6 Pages 669-677
Published: December 28, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn epidemiological analysis has been made regarding relation of type and severity of cleft defect with sex and mother's age at delivery. The subjects were 1, 072 cases who did not have the same abnormalities as their close relatives. These patients visited the reconstructive surgery department of Showa University for the initial examination in the 15 years from 1977 to 1992. From the results, a significant relation was observed in the type of the cleft defect with sex and the mother's age at delivery. Correlation between higher and lower age of the mothers with the order of occurrence by type was cleft palate, cleft lip and palate, and cleft lip. Sex was significantly related to the severity of the cleft in left cleft lip, bilateral cleft lip and left cleft lip and palate. The severity of the cleft defect was more severe in females. No significant relation was observed between the severity of the cleft defect and the mother's age at delivery.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K)
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