The present paper reports a case of hemiencephalia accompanied by polyhydramnios at the 8 th month of the pregnancy, which was diagnosed as the malformation in the head by X-ray examination.
When the foetus was examined, the development of teeth was proven macroscopically, and the presence of enlarged thymus and accessory spleen were proven by post mor tern examination.
Excepting the inbreeding between the parents of the case, no causative factors were recognized in the anamnesis of the case.

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In the present paper, the author classifies the inflammatory disturbances of nasel cavity and paranasal sinuses from the view point of the pathergia advocated by Roessle. The author also states that, in the allergic disturbances of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, the determination of the allergen and desensitization are undoubtedly important. However, he emphasizes simultaneously the necessity to take an adequate measure considering the possibility of the presence of the non-allergic nasal pathergia. In the cases of the allergic nasal pathergia, the present paper recommends to direct proper attention to the focal infection. Further, the author advocates to handle the so-called “vasomotor nervous rhinitis” keeping in mind the fact that this disease is induced by the antigeny antiboby reaction, and the presence of various other reaction fostering factors.

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In the present paper, the authors investigated the influences of vitamin B₁ (B₁ hereafter) or thiamine propyl disulfide (TPD hereafter) on the absorption of ferrous sulfate in the large intestine. Further, they investigated the influence of the administration of vitamin combined with urethane or with glucose on the absorption of iron. The followings are the results thus obtained.
1) In the cases of the administration of ferrous sulfate combined with B₁ or with TPD as enema, the absorption of iron and B₁ in the large intestine was found not specifically promoted.
2) when ferrous sulfate was combined with B₁ or with TPD and urethane, all of the rabbits died with intoxication symptoms, but the absorption of iron and B₁ was found remarkably promoted.
3) when urethane was substituted with glucose in the combined enema of the 3 substances, the absorption of iron and TPD was found promoted.

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Interested in the changes in the ova, oval cells, fertilized ova, etc., caused by nitrogen mustard (N. M. hereafter), which possesses an inhibitory action on the cells of malignant tumors, the authors experimentally observed the influences of nitrornin (N. M. O. hereafter), which is a nitrogen substitute of N. M., on the sexual cycle of white rats, and on the ovulation of rabbits, Further, the histological effects of the same agent on the ovary and uterus of these two kinds of animals were investigated.
As regards the sexual cycle of white rats, disorders were noted in all of the cases administered with a dose of 0.39mg per 100g of body weight or more of N. M. O. The lengths of the duration of static period were found roughly in parallel with the size of the doses administered The decrease in the body weight induced by the administration of N. M. O. was found in parallel with the disorders in the sexual cycle. In other words, as soon as the sexual cycle recovered the normal state, the body weight began to increase. The histological findings in the uterus and ovary were suggestive of the lack of the prating period.
As to the ovulation in the rabbits, the administration of N. M. O. was found capable of inhibiting the ovulation inducing power of Synahorin. However, the administration of N. M. O. did not cause the decrease in the body weight.
In view of the above findings, it seemed suggestive that the administration of N. M. O. causes the decrease in the body weight of white rats, and then the disorders in the sexual cycle is induced secondarily. However, as the ovulation in the cases of rabbits was inhibited without loss in the body weight, the authors considered that N. M. O. induced the changes also by its direct effect on the ovary in addition to its secondary effect.

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The present paper summarizes the symptoms associated with silicosis both with and without infection, regarding 122 patients admitted to the Hospital.
Most of the patients complain of obstinate cough and expectoration. Chest-pain is complained of by the majority of the silicotics. It varies from a feeling of tightness in the chest to the sharp pain typical of pleurisy. Dyspnoea and the decrease in the breathing capacity are mostly mentioned. The liver function is sometimes affected.

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In an attempt to learn the influence of the labour exercised on the manifestation and the state of the disease in tuberculosis, the following investigations were conducted on the subjects selected in an electric machinery factory. Several healthy representative labourers each were selected from those working under various assignments. On the other hand, several labourers who were suffering from tuberculosis of varying state of disease and who were each working under specific working conditions were selected. The influences of the quality and the quantity of the labour, and the working conditions on the physical functions of the labourers was precisely examined by means of the weekly andd daily variation in the flicker value, phagocytic capability of leukocytes, blood pressure, . pulse rate, Vakat iodic acid coefficient and oxydation quotient of the urine, Donaggio's reaction and the number of the circulating eosinophil cells. Briefly the following results. were thus obtained.
(1) In the cases of the labourers who were working in the assignment where the rate of manifestation was high (such as Designing Section), although the intensity and quantity of the work was extremely low, the physical functions, especially the level of cerebral excitement, was found remarkably lowered, and the phagocytic capability of leukocytes was also found diminished. Contrary to this, in the cases of the labourers who were working in the assignment where the rate of manifestation was lower (such as black smith and tin smith), the changes in the physical functions were found extremely slight: though the intensity and quantity of the labour were relatively high.
The above facts may be suggesting that the labour of an adequate intensity acts, more favorably to prevent the manifestation of tuberculosis rather than the labour of too low intensity and quantity which causes lower level of cerebral excitement.
(2) Even the labourers in the working assignment where the intensity and the quantity of the work during the working hours are moderate, remarkable diminish in the physical functions was noted when they were forced to do various trifling works during outside the working hours.
(3) Despite the fact that the working hours are shorter, and the intensity and quantity of labour are classified as light labour in the cases of tuberculous labourers compared with those in the cases of healthy labourers, the phagocytic capability of leukocytes were extremely lower, the pulse rate was much higher, pulse pressure was lower, and the absolute values of Vakat iodic acid coefficient and the oxydation quotient of the urine were found generally higher.
(4) Even in the cases of tuberculous labourers, when the length of working hours etc. were adjusted according to the state of the disease, no particular changes in the weekly or daily variations in various physical functions were usually noted.

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1. The enhancement of the radiation effects on yeast cells was not always attained when the cells were treated with enzyme inhibitors before they were X-irradiated.
2. Usually, such universal inhibitors to many kinds of enzymes as urethane and K-CN are not capable of enhancing the radiation effects when they are applied before irradiation, not on by they are known as radiomimetic but even also they are known protective.
3. Contrary to the above, such specific inhibitors or anti-metabolites as vagostigmin, malonic acid and azaguanine do enhance the radiation effects when the cells are treated with them prior to irradiation.
4. As to the action mechanisms of the sensitization by these specific inhibitors, the authors are of the following opinion : As the normal substrate of enzymes are diminish ed by X-ray irradiation, the competitive inhibitors, which penetrate excessively into cells is incorporated into the enzymic reaction instead of the substrates.
5. As to the sensitization with d-glutamic acid, the authors are of the opinion that d-glutamic acid is one of the anti-metabolites to amino acid matabolism.

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In his previous report, the author stated that, with the dynamic muscular labour of the whole body, the concentration of lactic acid in the blood remarkably increases and that the concentration of pyruvic acid increases accordingly. In the case where excessive pyruvic acid is formed, the increase of the amount of the constituent factors of the Krebs' cycle in the tissue and the resultant outflow there of into the circulating blood is presumed. The author, thereupon, burdened 5 volunteers with dynamic ascending and desccending to and from a platform, pumbing mainly performed with upper extremities and with static box-holding under varying conditions in order to observe the changes in the concentration of citric acid in the blood serum . during their recovering stage. The followings are the outline of the results thus obtained.
1) When the conditions for these 3 kinds of labour were so changed that the maximum amotjnt of labour can be tolerated within the same length of time, the rate of increase in the concentration of citric acid in the blood serum became higher and the recovery also more delayed as the labour became more dynamic and the labour was performed more and more with the whole body.
2) when the rates of increase in the amount of citric acid in the blood serum in the cases of ascending and descending platform and pumping to the maximum amount was compared with those rates in the cases of the same labour but to only one half of the maximum amount of labour, the latters were found to be equivalent to roughly one half of the f ormers. Further, almost no increase was observed when burdened so as to establish a steady state.
3) when the maximum tolerable amount in a labour, which allows to continue for a short period of time such as static box-holding with the weight weighing 10 kg, the process of recovery generally showed a trend of more delay compared with the cases of other kinds of labour.
4) The peak of the increase in the concentration of citric acid in the blood serum appeared later compared with that of pyruvic acid. It appeared at about 15 minutes after the completion of the labour in a dynamic labour, and a trend of later appearance was seen in a static labour.

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1) M. rectus abdominalis (rectus abd. hereunder) of frog is frequently used for the calculation of acetylcholine and choline-esterase. To reveal the basic mechanisms of this method for acetylcholine and choline-esterase, the present experiments were undertaken.
2) When the rectus abd. of frog was immersed in Ringer's solution containing acetylcholine at various concentrations, it contracted slowly, and its contraction heights were found proportional to the acetylcholine concentrations. The relation between the contraction height and acetylcholine concentration was lineal, allowing to error.
3) Acetylcholine acted upon the rectus abd. to evoke respetitive spike potentials at the beginning of its action, thereafter fell into silence, but the muscle contraction still continued.
4) At heigher concentrations of acetylcholine, repetitive spike potentials appeared more frequently, and their duration was prolonged.
5) Such contractions of rectus abd. caused by acetylcholine was supposed to be “fibrilare Zuckungen”. Acetylcholine was supposed to act, in such cases, on the end plates of the nerve fibres in the muscle.
6) But, there appeared another kind of contraction accompanying no spike potential caused by the action of acetylcholine. This type of contraction was different from the above mentioned one. Such contraction was probably evoked by the direct action of acetylcholine on the sarcoplasma, therefore, it was contracture by its nature.
7) The authors regarded these two phenomena observed in the muscle fibres as dissimilar ; one generated “fibrilare Zuckungen”, the other “contracture”.
8) The fact was elucidated that for the calculation of choline-esterase and acetylcholine, the rectus abd. of frog is utilizable with sufficient accuracy.

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Authers studied protective and restorative effects of co-enzyme factors against lethal effects of X-ray on yeast cells, and some results were obtained.
1) Thiamine, pyridoxine and biotine showed no protective effect, and especially thiamine had almost no restorative effect.
2) Pantothenic acid (Na salt), nicotinamide, riboflavin, V.B1₂, CoC _??_ and A.T.P, s-howed protective effects some 15-35%. and also showed restorative effects in same degrees or more.
3) Cystenamine was one of the most effective competitive protector and restorator. (survivors=90%)
4) By administration of A.T.P. combined with cysteine or cystine, we obtained no protective effects but more restorative effects than the case when we applied each of them independently.
5) By combination of A.T.P. with pantothenic acid and nicotinamide, we obtained 70% survivors which were more effective than single administration of them.
6) About the concentration or comparative dose of co-enzyme factors when we apply them together we must study further to find out optimal comparative concentrations.

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