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Volume 58 (1998)
- Issue 6 Pages 455-
- Issue 5 Pages 397-
- Issue 4 Pages 301-
- Issue 3 Pages 195-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
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Volume 58, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 95-97
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (280K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 98-101
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 102-105
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1658K) -
Naotoshi TAKESHIGE, Etsuo FUJIMAKI, Kazuyuki SHIMADA, Noboru GOTO1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 106-115
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSternoclavicular joints of Japanese cadavers were examined morphologically. The 110 cadavers of Japanese adults (220 joints) were examined. They were classified into six types according to the morphology of the superior border of the manubrium sterni. Joint adaptability and depth were classified into four types and two types, respectively. The anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligaments and the interclavicular ligament were also examined. The articular discs in 60 cadavers (120 joints) were classified into four types. The morphology of the superior border of the manubrium sterni was judged to be concave in half of all joints.
Joint adaptability was three fourths or higher in about 70 % of all joints. The joint depth was rated as shallow in approximately two thirds of all joints. The arrangement of the posterior sternoclavicular ligament was frequently less clear than that of the anterior sternoclavicular ligament. The interclavicular ligament was transversely arranged superoposteriorly at the proximal site of the bilateral clavicles and was firmer than the other two ligamen ts. The articular disc was morphologically rated as type in about half of all joints. Articular discs were seen in all cadavers. Strong ligaments and the presence of articular discs seem to provide stability and adaptability of sternoclavicular joints.View full abstractDownload PDF (7058K) -
Masahiro FUKUI1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 116-125
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral studies using the C57 black mouse with spontaneous-onset knee osteoarthritis (OA) have been published in Japan but all were performed from a histopathologic viewpoint rather than from a clinical viewpoint. In this study, we observed changes in knee OA from the beginning to late stages in C57 black mice with spontaneous-onset knee OA (OA mice) aged 6, 12, and 24 months and normal C57 black mice (control mice) aged 6, 12, and 22 months. Radiographic, macroscopic, and histopathologic evaluation were performed. The frequency and severity of OA in OA mice were higher than those reported previously. With aging, narrowing of the joint space, sclerotic change of the subchondral bone, and spur formation were more often observed by soft radiography in the OA mice than in the control mice. In tests using India ink, diffuse and slight staining was observed macroscopically on the surface of joint cartilages in the OA mice in the early stage. At the age of 24 months, the entire cartilaginous layer was lost, and exposed bones became eburnated. Histopathologically, cell cloning and cluster formation were observed more often with aggravation of OA in the OA mice than in the control mice, and a decrease in glycosaminoglycans was observed between the superficial and middle layers at the age of 6 months and in the entire layer at ages more than 12 months. Decrease and denaturation of collagen fibers were observed in the entire layer, presumably being to reduction of the synthetic capacity and denaturation of cartilage characteristic of OA. In this experiment, narrowing of the joint space, sclerotic change of the subchondral bone, spur formation, deterioration and abrasion of joint cartilages in the early stage, and denaturation of collagen up to the deep layer were observed in the OA mice. These findings resembled those in humans, and the similarity to human OA was more marked than in other reports. The role of keratan sulfate is controversial and requires further investigation. Despite the difficulty in handling due to its small size, the C57 black mouse, which shows changes associated with OA that are similar to those in human OA, appears to be very useful as a model of spontaneous-onset OA.View full abstractDownload PDF (6490K) -
Jun HONMOU1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 126-134
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the mechanism of ossification in tendons, the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on differentiation of tenocytes were examined with in vitro and in vivo experiments. When tenocytes isolated from the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus of the rat were cultured without rhBMP-2, they exhibited very low alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and produced no parathyroid hormone-dependent cAMP or osteocalcin. Tenocytes cultured for 6 days with rhBMP-2 showed increased ALP activity and parathyroid hormone-dependent cAMP production, but produced no osteocalcin. When rhBMP-2 was directly transplanted into the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus, it induced formation of cartilage and bone-like structures 2 weeks after transplantation. Four weeks after transplan-tation, rhBMP-2 induced formation of both cartilage and bone. These results indicate that rhBMP-2 induces tenocytes to differentiate into both osteoblasts and chondrocytes. The present study also suggests that BMP is involved in the ossification of tendons in human diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (7301K) -
Kenjiro FUNABASHI, Michio NAOE, Yoshio OGAWA, Ryotaro ISHIZAKI, Yoshiz ...1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 135-142
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antiprolif erative effect of combination therapy with hyperthermia and chemotherapeutic agents in hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell lines (DU145 and PC3) was investigated. These cell lines were treated with pirarubicin hydrochloride (THP), carboquone (CQ), cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP), fluorouracil (5-FU), peplomycin sulfate (PLM) and etoposide at 43t in a water bath for 1 hour. The antiproliferative effects were evaluated with MTT assay. The effects of hyperthermia in DU145 cells increased after treatment with CQ, CDDP, 5-FU, PLM, or etoposide. However, the effects of hyperthermia in PC3 cells were most evident after treatment with CQ, CDDP, or 5-FU. DNA fragmentation assay was performed after treatment with CQ, CDDP, or THP. Only DU145 cells treated with CQ exhibited apoptosis. The concentration of CQ which induced apoptosis was 50μg/ml at 43°C and 100μg / ml at 37°C for 1 hour. The apoptotic cells were examined morphologically with May-Giemsa staining. The percentage of apoptotic cells was higher at 43t than at 37t. These results suggest that the direct effect of CQ on the nucleus of cancer cell increased at 43°C in DU145 cells. In summary, the combination therapy with hyperthermia and chemotherapeutic agents could be a potential treatment in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (4637K) -
(PART II) : CHANGES IN MAST CELLS IN THE SMALL INTESTINE AND LIVER AFTER OVALBUMIN CHALLENGEHideo YOSHIDA, Yasutoshi SAKAMOTO, Youji IIKURA1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 143-149
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the effects of allergy on the liver, we administered ovalbumin (OVA) orally to rats previously sensitized by intraperitoneal OVA injection. The small intestine and liver were harvested before and 0.5, 1, 3 and 6 hours after OVA challenge. Tissue sections were stained with toluidine blue for secretory granules in mast cells, and stained mast cells were counted under a microscope. The number of intestinal mast cells positive for toluidine blue was significantly decreased 0.5 hour after challenge, was lowest 1 hour after challenge, and recovered to the baseline level by 6 hours after challenge. In liver, the mast cell counts started decreasing significantly 3 hours after challenge. Since the decrease in toluidine blue-positive mast cells is indicative of degranulation as a result of local allergic reaction, the time difference in the decrease of mast cell counts between the small intestine and liver suggests that immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions in the small intestine increased the permeability of macromolecules in the intestine. The absorbed macromolecules then triggered degranulation of mast cells in the liver. These results suggest the presence of allergic reactions in the liver of food-sensitized animals.View full abstractDownload PDF (2919K) -
EXCITATORY AMINO ACIDS AND NO CHANGES IN NEWBORN RAT BRAINIzumi TAZAKI, Junichi FURUSYO, Masaru TATSUNO1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 150-159
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHypoxic ischemic encephalopathy can be produced in rats by injecting sodium cya nide, which inhibits cytochrome C oxidase and results in low ATP levels in the brain. To assess the effects of ischemia on the levels of excitatory amino acids and metabolites of NO, which are good indicators of defense against ischemia, sodium cyanide was injected into the corpus striatum of 7- and 14-day old Sprague-Dawley rats, after which the levels of these substances were analyzed with the microdialysis method. In untreated rats, levels of glutamate, asparta te, alanine, and taurine were 2- to 3-fold higher at 14 days than at 7 days. Similar increases were observed in rats treated with sodium cyanide, but the concentration of each amino acid was 2- to 3-fold greater than that in untreated rats both 7 days and 14 days after birth. Levels of NO2 and NO3 were higher on day 14 than on day 7 in both untreated and sodium cyanide-treated rats. However, untreated rats showed greater increases in NO2and NO3levels on day 7 than did untreated rats. These results suggest that response of neonates to ischemia is poor and that neonates resist ischemic changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (813K) -
Yasushi OTSUKA, Yoshiaki HOSAKA, Tatsuya KIUCHI1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 160-168
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe normal external ears of 128 Japanese individuals (64 men and 64 women) were measured using the angle-measuring function of analytic software for computerized tomography (CT) . The initial baseline for measurement was the orbitomeatal line (OM line) ; second measurements were taken 1 cm above the baseline (OM+1 cm), and third measurements 2 cm above the baseline (OM+2cm) . The sample was divided into two groups by sex (64 men and 64 women) and into three groups by age (20-39, 40-59, and 60+), and protrusion measurements for the three sections were compared by both sex and age. The results showed that males have larger auricular values (auricular concha cranial angle, auricular concha scaphoid angle, auricular cranial angle) than do females. In terms of age, the results showed that the auricular concha cranial angle becomes larger with increasing age, while the auricular concha scaphoid angle and auricular cranial angle become smaller with age.View full abstractDownload PDF (2227K) -
Tsukasa HANAZAWA, Masaaki NAGATSUKA, Hiroshi CHIBA, Hiroshi SAITO, Tak ...1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 169-174
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInsulin-like growth f actor-I (IGF-I) affects growth and differentiation of connective tissues, and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. In the present study, the effects of estrogens and androgens on serum levels of IGF-I and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and BMD were studied in ovariectomized adult female guinea pigs. Twenty adult female guinea pigs (body weight, 650 to 700g) were divided into four groups : 15 guinea pigs were ovariectomized : 2 weeks later 5 recieved injections of estradiol (E2, 4 μ g / 100g weight) and 5 recieved injections of dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 40 μg/ 100g weight) once a week for 3 weeks. Five sham-operated animals were used as controls. Lumbar BMD (L1-L4) was measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA, QDR-2000) 2 days after the last injection, after which animals were killed by decapitation. Blood was collected and centrifuged, and serum was kept frozen at -80°C until assayed. Serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were measured with radio radioimmunoassay. No significant difference in body weight was observed between the groups. Ovariectomy resulted in a significant (p< 0.05) decrease in serum IGF-I levels and lumbar BMD. E2 administration could not restore serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3, whereas DHT administration restored both levels to that in the controls. On the other hand, administration of E2 and DHT restored BMD in the ovariectomized animals to that in controls. Our results indicate the different effects of androgens and estrogens on BMD and serum IGF-I levels in adult female guinea pigs.View full abstractDownload PDF (651K) -
Toshihiko UEDA, Shohei FUKUDA, Haruo TAKAHASI, Yukihiko SHIROTA, Dai O ...1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 175-180
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the effect of oral administration of Sairei-to on intraocular pressure (IOP) in pigmented rabbits and 30 patients in whom ocular hypertension with unstable IOP was diagnosed with timolol (β-blocker) treatment. Pigmented rabbits were treated with 1 % Sairei-to in their chow for 28 days. During the 2nd day to the 28 th day, IOP in pigmented rabbits was lower than that in control rabbits. The patients were treated with 0.5 % timolol instillation twice a day for 24 weeks and with 0.5 % timolol instillation twice a day and 9g Sairei-to (p.o.) a day for 24 weeks. After 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks of Sairei-to treatment, IOP was measured. The mean IOP was 21.4 mmHg at the beginning of Sairei-to treatment. During the 2nd to 24th weeks, TOP decreased significantly with Sairei-to treatment (p<0.01) . The Sairei-to treatments were much more effective in eyes with higher TOP (>22 mmHg) than in eyes with lower IOP (<22 mmHg) . These results indicate that Sairei-to has a ocular hypotensive effect and is more effective in eyes with higher TOP than in eyes with lower IOP.View full abstractDownload PDF (573K) -
Yutaka KINAMI1998 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 181-194
Published: April 28, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study evaluated the validity of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ( MMPI), Japanese edition to analyze the scores of 216 psychiatric patients and 87 normal subjects. The distortion of a patient's self-concept was associated with elevations on each clinical scale. The profile patterns (gull wing, conversion V, etc.) and specific scores for a patient's self-cognition (suicidal ideation, family problems and Grayson's crisis item) provided more information for psychiatric treatment than did the T-score of the basic clinical scale. The MMPI, Japanese edition was also found useful for treatment evaluation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1508K)
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