All issues
Volume 57 (1997)
- Issue 6 Pages 489-
- Issue 5 Pages 409-
- Issue 4 Pages 315-
- Issue 3 Pages 175-
- Issue 2 Pages 97-
- Issue 1 Pages 13-
Volume 57, Issue 3
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
—Multifunctional Biodefense Agent—Masako TODA, Tadakatsu SHIMAMURA1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 175-189
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTea is one of the most popular beverages in Japan. We unexpectedly found that green tea immobilized cholera vibrios within several seconds and agglutinated them. Therefore, we examined the biologic functions of tea and catechin.
Tea and catechin possesed antibacterial and bactericidal activities against various bacteria that cause food poisoning and diarrheal and respiratory diseases and also possessed fungicidal activities against Trichophyton. Catechin damaged the lipid bilayer of bacterial cell membranes. Catechin also caused morphologic changes in T. mentagrophytes evident on scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We also found that in the presence of catechin oxacillin had antibacterial activity against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations less than its minimum inhibitory concentration. Tea and catechin also inhibited the toxic activities of Vibrio parahemolyticus thermostable direct hemolysin (Vp-TDH), S. aureus a -toxin, cholera hemolysin, and cholera toxin. They had protected against V. cholerae O1 in animal models. Tea and catechin inhibited the infectivity of both influenza virus A and B in vitro. Black tea prevented influenza virus infection in mice. Furthermore, gargling with black tea significantly inhibited influenza infection in volunteers. Catechin also had mitogenic activity on B cells.
These findings suggest that tea and catechin might be applied as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against infectious diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (11220K) -
Kenta OTANI1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 190-197
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn animal study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the ultrasonic surgical aspirator in the treatment of Bowen's disease, a squamous cell carcinoma in situ. Surgical removal of Bowen's disease lesions is simple in most cases, but surgical treatment is difficult in patients with lesions that are large or are located in joint areas, hard-to-heal areas, or surgically problematic areas, such as the ears, nose, eyelids, and mucous membranes. It was thus thought that more effective treatment of such patients may be possible with the ultrasonic surgical aspirator because it is easy to use, allows removal of the epidermis while leaving the dermis intact, and is noninvasive. Lesions taken from patients suffering from Bowen's disease were grafted onto severe combined immunodef iciency (SCID) mice. These grafted areas were then treated with the ultrasonic surgical aspirator. None of the mice treated exhibited a recurrence of Bowen's disease during of a 4-month follow-up period, whereas histologic specimens taken 5 months after grafting from a control animal that had not been treated with the aspirator showed classic Bowen's disease. The ultrasonic surgical aspirator was also found to break down the epidermis up to the hair follicle in normal human scalp skin, a finding that suggests it would completely remove Bowen's disease lesions. The results of this study indicate that this aspirator would be effective in the treatment of Bowen's disease. Clinical study is currently ongoing to verify the device's effectiveness.View full abstractDownload PDF (11867K) -
—Normal Level and Increase in Myelodysplastic Syndrome—Noritake ISHIDA, Toshiko ONIZUKA, Miki KUSHIMA1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 198-208
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReticulin stain and immunohistochemical stains (collagen types I to VI and laminin) were used to examine the bone marrow from hematologically normal autopsy cases (92 cases) and cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS ; 15 cases) . In the hematologically normal cases, reticulin fibers and collagen types III, V, and VI were increased in elderly age groups, regardless of sex and the number of megakaryocytes.
Results with reticulin stain were similar to those with collagen types III, V, and VI. However, in a few cases negative for reticulin stain, immunohistochemical stains (collagen types III, V, and VI) were positive. Collagen type N and laminin were positive in besement membranes of vessels. In patients with primary MDS (autopsy cases), bone marrow fibrosis was markedly increased compared with that in normal subjects of similar age. The treatment of MDS patients immunohistochemically for collagen types III, V, and VI remains problematic. Accordingly application of immunohistochemical stains for collagen to the bone marrow from biopsies and further investigation of myelof fibrosis are required.View full abstractDownload PDF (4821K) -
Kazuho HOSODA1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 209-217
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTaking off shoes in the house and sitting on the floor are cultural practices in Japan. In the past, those who have had lower limb amputations could not maintain a sitting position on the floor, because their prostheses came from western countries. Taking off shoes causes a leg-level difference between the prosthesis and the other leg. Without shoes, foot drop occurs and causes knee instability.
This article discusses a project, that is, the development of the fore joint (F J) foot, which enables stable walking with or without shoes. To study their effectiveness, three different kinds of prosthesis, the F J foot, a conventional foot, and the solid ankle cushion heel (SACH) foot were evaluated with and without shoes in 40 patients, who have had lower limb amputations. Gait cycles and foot pressure patterns of walking on a f alt surface were studied. The tests showed that the F J foot produced gait cycles and foot pressure patterns (p<0.05) closest to normal. The F J foot was extremely effective for walking with or without shoes. The F J foot contributed to improvements in the activities of daily living in the Japanese lifestyle.View full abstractDownload PDF (1597K) -
Keikichi KAWASAKI1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 218-227
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) has been reported to induce osteoblast differentiation in osteoblast precursor cells and to inhibit muscle differentiation in cells isolated from mice and rats. In the present study, I investigated the effects of rhBMP-2 on cell growth and differentiation of two kinds of human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines, RD and SCMC-MM-1 (MM-1) . rhBMP-2 inhibited cell growth of RD cells, but had no such effect on MM-1 cells. rhBMP-2 inhibited formation of myosin-positive myotubes by RD cells, but had no apparent effect on changes in the number of desmin-positive MM-1 cells. Creatine phosphokinase activity in both RD cells and MM-1 cells was inhibited by rhBMP-2. rhBMP-2 stimulated both alkaline phosphatase activity and parathyroid hormone-dependent cAMP production in MM-1 cells, but had no such effect in RD cells. rhBMP-2 had no effect on osteocalcin production in either cell type. Transplantation of MM-1 cells with rhBMP-2 by means of diffusion chambers into the peritoneal cavity of athymic mice did not induce formation of cartilage or bone in the diffusion chambers, but did induce growth of ALP-positive cells. These results suggest that rhBMP-2 affects the growth and differentiation of human rhabdomyosarcoma cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (5455K) -
Kazuaki SASAKI, Nobuko NAITOU, Yasumitu NAKAI, Makoto YOSHIMURA, Keiso ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 228-236
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo evaluate the usefulness of a patellar tendon autograf t with double bifurcated ends for reconstruction of a functional anterior crucial ligament ( ACL), we performed a histologic examination in the dog knee after grafting. The graft was fixed by 4 points (the 2 upper ends were in the femur and 2 lower ends were in the tibia) and was finally arranged in the shape of an X. The X-shaped graft resulted in the formation of two main collagen bundles-an anteriormedial bundle and a posteriorlateral bundle-in the normal ACL ligament. Therefore, we designated this method“double-bundle reconstruction”. Histologic examination revealed that the double collagen bundles in the graft grew and matured successively in the year after operation. Furthermore, angiogenesis throughout the grafts occurred rapidly with in 1 month after double-bundle reconstruction, whereas grafts that had been implanted as a plain, single bundle gradually received blood supply from the periphery to the center by 3 months after operation. Thus, these results indicate that our double-bundle reconstruction is more useful for forming a functional ACL ligament.View full abstractDownload PDF (7074K) -
Yoshihiro KABASAWA, Yuko TSUNODA, Takao OKAMATSU1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 237-244
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFew studies of the biological specificity of pediatric malignant teratomas have been perf omed because of their various origins and classifications. A pediatric yolk sac carcinoma was successfully transplanted to BALB/c nude mice. Tumors in nude mice exhibited the characteristics and DNA ploidy pattern of the original tumor and were able to synthesise alpha-fetoprotein. We investigated sensitivity of the transplanted tumor to anticancer drugs within vitroMTT assay andin vivoexperimental chemotherapy administered by intraperitoneal injection. Results of tests for sensitivity were as follows.
1) 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was not effective against the tumors.
2) Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) was most effective.
3) Pirarubicin hydrochloride (THP-ADM) was effective on MTT assay but not effective on thein vivotest.
Pediatric yolk sac carcinomas transplanted to nude mice exhibit the characteristics and chemosensitivity of the original tumor and are very useful in studies of biological specificity.View full abstractDownload PDF (7297K) -
Tsuneo MASUYAMA, Shunichi SUZUKI, Katsuki INOUE, Hideki YOSHIDA1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 245-251
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSImmunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 (MIB-1) and argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) was performed on paraffin-embedded sections (or speimens) from 26 testicular tumors and 20 normal testicles. The number of AgNORs in testicular tumors (6.96±1.50) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than that in normal testicle (2.62±0.42) . The Ki-67 index of testicular tumors (33.65±13.34) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than that of normal testicle (2.76±1.96) . There was no correlation between AgNORs number and Ki-67 index in testicular tumors. These findings indicate that AgNORs number and Ki-67 index are possible indicators of proliferative activity or malignancy of testicular tumors.View full abstractDownload PDF (2378K) -
Kazuhito IKEDA1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 252-260
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of mizoribine on protective immunity againstHymenolepis nanawere examined in male AKR mice. Mizoribine suppressed the development of protective immunity againstH. nanareinf ection when administered orally to mice as 600mg/kg doses three times per day.
Oral administration of mizoribine to mice infected withH. nanadecreased footpad thickness in response to intradermal injection with egg antigen.
Oral administration of 1800 mg/kg (600 mg/kg 3 times per day) mizoribine also suppressed3H-thymidine uptake by mesenteric lymph node cells that had been prepared from mice 3 hours after the final drug administration and cultured for 2 hours in the presence of 37 kBq of3H-thymidine.
These results suggest that mizoribine inhibits lymphoblastic activityin vivoand prevents the development of protective immunity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1105K) -
Mitsuhiko TAKEI1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 261-268
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLesions of the cervical spine often appear in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and may result in sudden death owing to compression of the medulla oblongata and the spinal cord due to subluxation of the upper cervical spine. Recent research in sudden death has focused on sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) ; however, few reports address the effects of complications of SAS in RA. To investigate factors in the occurrence of SAS in RA, we studied findings obtained on polygraphy during sleep, radiography of the cervical spine, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . Subjects were 7 RA patients (imen, 6 women) : 5 cases were stage IlI, 2 cases were stage N, 1 case was class 2, and 6 cases were class 3. We diagnosed SAS when apnea occured more than five times in 1 hour. Three cases were diagnosed as SAS: 1 case was caused by anterior subluxation and 1 case was caused by both anterior and vertical subluxation. In each case compression of the ventral part of the lower medulla was found on MRI. Another case showed the secondary symptom of micrognathia caused by destruction of the mandibular joint. Sleep apnea was not observed in patients who had no compression of the ventral part of the lower medulla. It has been suggested that a respiratory rhythm generator is present in the ventral part of the lower medulla; therefore, the compression of the ventral part of the lower medulla observed on MRI is one of the factors in SAS regardless of the direction of subluxation.View full abstractDownload PDF (3527K) -
Jin KATAGIRI1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 269-279
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo identifying the roles of callus and mechanical stimulation in the fracturehealing process, we produced defects in the iliac bones of dogs which subsequently induced callus. The callus was harvested 3 weeks of the defect was produced and transplanted into a transverse fracture site of the femur in the same dog. In addition, an alternative model with transplantation of iliac cancellous bone into the transverse fracture site was produced. Animals with only femoral transverse fractures were used as controls. The healing process was histopathologically investigated in each group of animals. In addition to the above experiments, 3 weeks of appropriate external fixation followed by axial dynamization with a telescoping mechanism in the fixator was investigated with the same animal model. Histopathologic observation was performed 7 weeks after fracture. We found that the bone healing process at 2 weeks was most advanced in the control group, followed by the cancellous-graft group, and was worst in the callus-transplantation group. However, the control and the cancellous groups showed almost the same degree of healing after 4 weeks. In addition, facilitation of the bone-healing process appeared to be affected more by vascular migration than by bone growth factors. Finally, bone maturation seemed to be facilitated by axial dynamization even in the bone-healing process after callus transplantation as well as in ordinary fracture healing and healing after cancellous transplantation.View full abstractDownload PDF (14581K) -
Kei KOBASHIGAWA, Masanobu WATANABE, Hideki YOSHIDA, Shigeki HONGO, Min ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 280-286
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the intracellular signaling pathway of insulin in primary cultured rat Sertoli cells. When the cells were incubated with insulin for 5 to 30 minutes some cellular proteins were detected to be tyrosine phosphorylated. Immunoblot analysis showed the masses of two of these proteins to be 97 kDa and 170kDa, which correspond to the insulin receptor β-subunit and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), respectively. Insulin stimulated glucose uptake by the cells for 50 minutes and incorporation of thymidine into DNA 15 hours after its addition to culture. Pretreatment of cells with wortmannin, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), prevented the insulin-dependent increase in glucose uptake and DNA synthesis. These results suggest the existence of an intracellular signaling system for insulin through insulin receptor, IRS-l, and PI 3-kinase in primary cultured Sertoli cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (2155K) -
—Indications for Treatment of Absence of Bone Healing—Masaji TAKEMOTO, Raita AMEMIYA, Etsuo FUJIMAKI, Soichirou TAKIGAWA1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 287-292
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree hundred nine digits from 290 patients which had sustained fractures of the distal phalanx were treated at the Department of Orthopaedics, Showa University, from 1990 through 1995. We analyzed the relationship between satisfactory cure and the cause of fracture, condition of fracture at trauma, location, direction of the fracture line, method of treatment, bone healing, period of treatment, and functional disturbance. Two hundred fifty-three patients were male and 37 were female. Forty-four fractures showed an absence of healing. Seventeen fractures required surgical treatment. Absence of healing is a result of the type of fracture and poor primary care. Appropriate primary care for fractures of the distal phalanxes most important.View full abstractDownload PDF (488K) -
Tomoyoshi UCHIKAWA, Hiroaki TSUTSUI, Kenichi MIHARA, Shigeru HOKARI, K ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 293-297
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe function of the shoulder joint, which consists of three anatomical joints and one functional joint, is completely different from that of other joints.
Therefore, assessment with an isokinetic dynamometer doesn't directly reflect shoulder function. The aim of this study was to review the check points and the clinical values of this system.
(Method) Ten normal volunteers were examined. External rotational strength was measured with a KIN-COM 500H under various conditions at 60 and 180 degrees/second concentric contraction.
(Results) In each subject, mean force and mean torque of exteral rotation varied with different conditions. It was difficult to measure the peak torque and peak force accurately. The forces scattered depending on whether the body was fixed or not during examination.
Overall, it was difficult to measure shoulder strength under uniform, proper conditions.
(Conclusion) When we measured the muscle strength of the shoulder joint using an isokinetic dynamometer, the most important point was to standardize the measuring position and conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (2622K) -
Makoto NONAKA, Mitsutaka KADOKURA, Noburu TANIO, Shigeru YAMAMOTO, Dai ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 298-301
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring last the 7 years, six patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and empyema with or without lung abscess were admitted to our department. One patient with candida infection was treated without surgery. Four patients received surgical therapy after resolution of the infections. One patient who had drug-induced liver dysfunction underwent emergency surgery. Immediately after the operations, the patients' conditions improved markedly. We recommend surgical treatment of pneumothorax before infection develops. If pneumothorax is complicated by emphyema or lung abscess or both, surgery should be performed after the infection is controlled. When patients have drug-induced liver dysfunction, emergency surgery is needed because the usual doses of the antibiotics cannot be administered.View full abstractDownload PDF (4353K) -
Yasuyuki TANEICHI1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 302-306
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPurpose: This paper reports 15 cases of femoral supracondylar distal diaphyseal fracture treated with retrograde intramedullary nailing at our hospital since 1992.
Methods: The present cases were classified into bone fracture types according to the AO classification system and assessed with Neer's bone fracture assessment table.
Results: According to the AO classification system, the study population comprised 4 patients with grade 33.A.1 fracture, 3 with 33.A.2, 2 with 33.A.3, 1 with 33.C.2, 2 with 33.C.3, 2 with 32.B.2, and 1 with 32.C.2, including 2 patients with open fracture and 2 patients with accompanying ipsilateral tibial plateau fracture. According to Neer's bone fracture assessment table, 5 cases were rated“excellent, ”5“satisfactory, ”1“unsatisfactory, ”and 2“failure ; ”in 2 cases assessment was impossible owing to disuse of the limb. The 2 cases rated“failure”were a case in which early training for extended range of motion had been impossible owing to multiple wounds and another case in which the nail had broken.
Discussion: In distal diaphyseal fractures, anatomical reduction is easily achieved. In supracondylar fractures, in particular, it was anticipated that reduction depended to some extent on the direction of guide pin insertion. In cases of severe comminution in the diaphyseal/supracondylar portion, lateral stopping with careful consideretion of shortening is essential. Ipsilateral tibial plateau fracture prevented a satisfactory range of motion from being achieved. Nail breakage is attributable to stress on the lateral stopping hole on the fracture line.View full abstractDownload PDF (4644K) -
Daisuke OGAWA, Raita AMEMIYA, Etsuo FUJIMAKI1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 307-310
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 28-year-old woman noticed a precordial swelling in January 1992, but ignosed it until precordial pain developed in January of the following year. She then presented to the Department of Orthopedics, Showa University. Results of plain radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging sussested a primary sternal osteoncus. Enchondroma was diagnosed at biopsy, and surgery was performed. Fenestration and curettage, primarily of the protruding part of the sternum, was performed, followed by grafting with a mixture of autologous bone and hydroxyapatite. Pathologic examination of the resected specimen confirmed the diagnosis of enchondroma. The postoperative course was excellent. Histopathologically, the differential diagnosis of enchondroma and well differentiated chondrosarcoma is extremely difficult. We describe one case of enchondroma arising in the sternum and review the relevant literature.View full abstractDownload PDF (5012K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1997 Volume 57 Issue 3 Pages 311-314
Published: June 28, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (399K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|