We examined the effect of neonatal undernutrition on protein digestive and absorptive function of newborn rat intestine. Eight pups were reared in a litter in the control group, while 16 pups in the undernourished group were reared for 1 week commencing at the age of 2 days, and then 8 pups were reared as a litter. Protein digestive activity of intestinal lumen (proteolytic activity), the protein absorptive function (pinocytotic activity) by using everted small intestinal sac, and cathepsin B activity of intestinal mucosa and liver were measured at 2, 9, 16 and 23 days in control and undernourished pups. The proteolytic activity of 9, 16, and 23 day old pups were 7.6, 177.3, 530.6 (μg trypsin equivalent/ml) in the control group, respectively. However, the value of undernourished group showed decreases compared with those in the control group (70.3, 46.8 and 98.5% of each opposit control) . The mucosal uptake amount of RI labeled BSA at 9 and 16 days were increased significantly in the undernourished group (5.6, 1.9 times of control), but the amount of that at 23 days was not significantly different from control. On the other hand, that of RI labeled BLG was more increased compared with each opposit control (69.6, 2.3, 3.4 times) . The cathepsin B activity (U/mg protein/min) of the control liver at 9, 16, 23 days showed 10.4, 18.1, 9.7. The activity of the undernourished group was significantly declined on these days (7.9, 10.0, 7.1) . While, that of intestinal mucosa groups showed significant decreases compared with those in the control group at 9 and 16 days (4.4, 4.3), but significant increases (2 times the control value) at 23 days. These studies suggest that neonatal undernutrition may have unfavorable influences on the subsequent development of protein digestive and absorptive function, and may be a factor in development of future allergic desease.

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Sophisticated devices designed for CRT diagnosis are expensive and many use personal computers for experiments and small-scale clinical applications. However, reports of their physical performance, capabilities and limits are lacking. To evaluate the physical properties of CRT for personal computers, phantom chest radiographs, MTF chart, alminium step, gradiation pattern for laser imagers, SMPTE chart and abdominal CT images were digitized through a film scanner. The digitized and the original images were compared by two radiologists and a computer programmer. The digitized images consistently showed more noise and were always degraded. Various scanning resolutions resulted in different image quality, data size and display speed and therefore, was critical to determining the operability of the system. From the results, images with high contrast and sharp margins were thought to be suitable for CRT diagnosis. ROC analysis of pulmonary nodule detection on the CRT monitor was carried out since it is important clinically, and also it seemed to fulfil the image quality requirements derived from the above experiments. A total of 420 digitized and original chest X-ray images were compared by 6 board-certified radiologists. ROC analysis revealed that there were no differences between the detection rate of pulmonary nodules among the original films and the digitized images (p<0.05), although there were tendencies to miss the smaller lesions. Our studies show that CRT monitors for personal computers could be used for image diagnosis in limited purposes such as pulmonary nodule detection. With magnification, image postprocessing, developments in hardware and software, diagnosis of lesions that require precise image quality may become possible on less costly personal computer systems in the near future.

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The influence of exogenous gastrin on healing of gastric ulcer in rat experimentally produced by the injection of 20% acetic acid in rats was studied. The rats with ulcer were divided into four groups. Group C received saline subcutaneously, group G received 250μg/kg of pentagastrin subcutaneously, group O received 20mg/kg of omeprazol orally and G + O group received both pentagastrin subcutaneously and omeprazol orally. The rats were examined 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 days after the experimental production of ulcer. The labelling index of cells by BrdU in the ulcer margin was significantly higher in group G than in group C at 3, 5 and 7 days, and in the G + O group than in group O at 3 and 5 days. However, the labeling index in G + O group was significantly lower than in group O at 7 and 10 days. Suppression of capillary formation and fibrosis in the fundus of the ulcer was histologically observed in group G and G + O group. These results suggest that the administration of exogenous gastrin stimulates the regeneration of gastric mucosa of the ulcer margin at the early stage of ulcer healing, but suppresses capillary formation and fibrosis in the connective tissue of the ulcer fundus.

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I.The histochemical difference of PAS and Alcian-blue (Al-bl) staining was studied using 7 cases of mammary Paget's disease (m.P) and 9 cases of extramammary Paget's disease (ex. m. P) . In ex. m. P, the percentage (%) of PAS and CEA similarly positive cells in all CEA positive cells was 90.2±9.7% (mean±SD), whereas that in m. P was only 41.0±35.2% (t-test, p<0.01) . In ex.m.P, the percentage (%) of PAS and KL1 similarly positive cells in all KL1 positive cells was 92.6+9.4%, whereas that in m.P was only 35.0±35.1% (t-test, p<0.01) . In ex.m.P, the percentage of Al-bl and CEA similarly positive cells in all CEA positive cells was 55.6±17.6%, whereas that in m.P was only 18.4±22.3% (t-test, p<0.01) . In ex.m.P, the percentage of Al-bl and KL1 similarly positive cells in all KL1 positive cells was 57.2±17.5%, whereas that in m.P it was only 21.0±22.4% (t-test, p<0.01) . II . Subjects were 343 cases of m.P and ex. m.P reported in the previous ten years in Japan. The percentage of PAS and Al-bl weakly positive and more in ex.m.P was 95.8% and 93.8%, whereas in m.P it was only 71.1% and 53.8% (x²-test, p<0.001) . In m.P, even if PAS·Al-bl were positive, many of these were only weakly positive. Conventionally, Paget's disease is considered to be a single neoplastic process expressed as mammary and extramammary types. Our conclusions, however, are that mammary Paget's disease and extramammary Paget's disease seem to be different diseases.

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Eight patients suffering from papulovesicular light eruption (PVLE) were photo-tested for reproduction of the skin lesions utilizing FL20SE and FL20BLB and a 300W slide projector. Daily provocations of 2 minimum erythema dose (MED) of FL20SE for 3 days successfully induced papules similar to the PVLE lesions in 4 of 8 patients. Two patients showed the same papules in the provocative test by 5MED radiation. All of the patients complained of itch in the tested area. Either daily radiation of 7J/cm² for 3 days or one shot radiation of 15J/cm² FL20BLB through a glass filter failed to induce the papules in all patients. In these patients, neither eruption nor itch was observed after three daily radiations for 20 minutes each with a 300W slide projector, through UV-cut filters. The histopathological examinations revealed identical findings between the original lesions and provocated lesions. These data indicate that UVB should be the main action spectrum of PVLE.

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Anatomopathologial study of 90 early-death cases (up to 24 hours) after emergent hospitalization in Matsudo Municipal Hospital during the last ten years (1983-1993), was performed with clinicopathological data and histopathological examination. Addtionally, immunohistochemical and electron microscopical examinations were also performed on all cases associated with and suspected of ischemic heart diseases. The mean age at death was 58.3±16.9 years old (male : 55.4±16.6, female : 62.3±16.5) . The most frequent clinical condition at entrance was acute heart failure in 39 of the patients (43.3 %) . According to pathological diagnosis, 58 patients (64.4 %) died from cardiovascular diseases, which included 36 cases (40.0 %) of is-chemic heart failure, 9 cases of myocarditis, 8 cases of other heart diseases and 5 cases of other vascular diseases (including aortic aneurysm) . Another 12 patients died by due to respiratory diseases, 7 patients, diseases of the central nervouse system, 6 patients, digestive diseases, 3 patients, due to neoplasm and 4 patients, from other diseases. 36 cases of ischemic heart diseases included 14 cases of acute (fresh) myocardial infarction and the other 22 cases were old myocardial infarction with acute ischemic changes. Histologically ischemic lesions were very widely present. In comparing the clinical course, these histological foci typically are suggestive of a longer history. As the most early irreversible change, contraction band necrosis (CBN) of the myocardial muscles was light microscopically as well as electronmicroscopically recognized with immunohistochemical defection to antimyoglobin. Small and multiple foci with CBN were often recognized in the condition of cardiac shock, and should be differentiated from early myocardial infarction.

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The synthesis, secretion and tissue contents of various gastrointestinal hormones change dynamically during development in rats.
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is one of the gastrointestinal hormones which stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion and acts as a neurotransmitter. We investigated the changes in synthesis of CCK associated with development of rats using male Wistar rats (1, 2, 4, and 10 months old) . Fasting plasma CCK concentrations, tissue contents and gene expression of CCK in duodenum and cerebrum were measured. CCK was extracted from plasma and tissues by a Sep-Pak C₁₈ cartridge and CCK immunoreactivity was measured by radioimmunoassay using anti-CCK antibody (OAL-656) . Total RNA was isolated from the tissue samples. CCK mRNA was measured by Northern blot and dot blot hybridization. The tissue content and gene expression of CCK were measured predominantly in the rat duodenum and cerebrum.
The plasma CCK concentration following an overnight fast did not change significantly with age. The tissue content and gene expression of CCK in the duodenum increased up to 4 months of age and then remained constant, but those in the cerebrum did not change significantly with age. These results suggest that the development of the CCK synthetic system reaches the adult level earlier in the cerebrum than in the duodenum.

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It is reported that, due to the impairment of neutrophil migration, adherence, and phagocytosis, myeloma patients readily suffer from infection. To study the genesis of malfunction, we analyzed the G-CSF receptors of neutrophils in multiple myeloma patients. This study included 20 myeloma patients and 20 normal controls. G-CSF receptors and CD11b were estim-ated by monoclonal antibody using the flow cytometric method. Serum concentration of interleukin 6 (IL-6) was examined by enzyme immunoassay. Neutrophil G-CSF receptors of multiple myeloma patients before the treatment were decreased compared to normal controls. Neutrophil G-CSF receptors were not correlated with the serum M protein concentration, but rather were negatively correlated with the serum IL-6 concentration in multiple myeloma patients. IL-6 decreased the neutrophil G-CSF receptors and CDllb expression of multiple myeloma patients.

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In our hospital since 1976, 9 patients suffering from spinal tumor have been treated by prosthesic replacement surgery. In 8 patients vertebral prosthesis was performed using alumina ceramics, and in 1 patient A-W glass ceramic was used. Surgical efficacy was assessed based on the amount of pain relief, motor recovery, and ambulatory ability. Severe pain was relieved in 7 patients, and disappeared in 3 cases completely. 2 patients got passible to walk during the 3 patients which was abasia before operation. And neurological improvement was recognized in 5 patients, and 2 patients acquired motor recovery completely. And about complication, we did not experience major complication. 6 patients were survival (mean follow up period 25 months), 3 patients died mean 8.9 month after surgery. It is considered that in the treatment of matastatic tumors, localization and pathology are important factors highly influencing the prognosis.

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Surgical treatment was performed on three patients of dissecting aneurysm of the vertebral artery (VADA) presenting with ischemic or compressive signs, in whom aneurysmal dilatation had been confirmed on repeated angiograms. A balloon occlusion test confirmed that proximal vertebral artery (VA) clipping was possible without producing neurological deficits. The VA was permanently clipped at the proximal portion of the aneurysm in the chronic stage (5 months after stroke) . Case 1 was a 65-year-old male of right VADA presenting with cerebellar infarction. Case 2 was a 46-year-old female of right VADA presenting with lateral medullary syndrome. She had postoperatively developed cerebellar infarction. Case 3 was a 57-year-old male of left giant VADA presenting with cerebellar signs. The long-term outcome of these three patients after surgery was good. Postoperative anticoagulant therapy was an effective way to prevent thromboembolic ischemia.

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We report results of selective nerve root block for treatment of 35 cases of lumbar spinal canal stenosis and lumbar disc hernia. The response to treatment was judged by Japan Orthopaedic Association score. Nerve root block produced improvements in subjective symptoms and activities of daily life. Remisson was acheived in 30 cases. Nerve root block was more effective for treatment of spinal canal stenosis than for disc hernia and was more effective for relief of radicular symptoms than for other symptoms. Operation was required in five cases. Nerve root block is a useful conservative therapy for cases in which operation is indicated.

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Bone lipoma accounts for only 0.09 % of all bone tumors. We recently treated a 64-year-old male with this very rare bone tumor. He visited our clinic with the chief complaint of pain in his right hip joint. Radiography revealed radiolucency of the bone in the right femoral neck, accompanied by marginal sclerosis. The tissue characteristics of the tumor on CT and MR images were similar to those of fat tissue. The tissue of the affected area was histopathologically determined to be mature fat tissue, allowing a definite diagnosis of lipoma. The tumor was resected, followed by bone transplantation. The postoperative course has been favorable.

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