All issues
Successor
Volume 48, Issue 1
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
—COMPRESSION CONCUSSION MODEL EXPERIMENTS—Shoichiro TANINO, Masafumi OHNO, Norio KAJI, Ken-ichi NAKAYA, Akinori ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 13-23
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince there has been reported a very few studies on the mechanism of the change in cardiac function after head injury, it was thought of interest to investigate this problem using the compression concussion model in adult dogs. After the anesthetization, the planzer system was set on the right temporo-parietal part of the head of the dog and fluid percussion was performed to the head extra-durally. The parameters such as mean blood pressure, aortic flow, left ventricular pressure, max left ventricular dp/dt, total peripheral resistance and electrocardiogram were recorded for 30 minutes after the percussion. The control animals were divided into two groups: one of them consisted of 8 animals and was given the percussion less than 2.5 atmosphere (C1 group), and the other consisted of 10 animals and was given percussion more than 2.6 atmosphere (C2 group) . The medication animals were divided into 3 groups as follows : AS group consisted of 6 dogs and was given 0.2 mg/kg of atropine sulfate, prop group consisted of 9 dogs and was given 0.15 mg/kg of propranolal and PUB group consisted of 6 dogs and was given 2 mg/kg of phenoxybenzamine. The results obtained were as follows : 1) Bradyarrhythmias were observed immediately after the percussion in C2, prop and PUB groups but prevented in AS group. However, the premature ventricular contraction and ventricular tachycardia were not prevented in AS group. 2) Mean blood pressure, left ventricular pressure, max left ventricular dp/dt and total peripheral resistance extremely increased in AS and prop groups, but slightly in PUB group. 3) In most of the cases, ventricular premature contraction and ventricular tachycardia were observed following the elevation of blood pressure, but they were not observed in PUB group in which the elevation of the blood pressure was rather slight. From these results, it is concluded that the excitation of the parasympathetic nervous system was deeply concerned with the change in the cardiac function observed immediately after the injury of the brain stem, and both systems of parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, particularly the latter, were strongly concerned with the change thereafter.View full abstractDownload PDF (2771K) -
—THE RERATION OF AN AORTIC THROMBUS TO MUSCLE CHANGES—Yoshio SUZUKI, Toshiyuki MAKI, Yutaka SATO, Junichi SHIOTA, Seijiro OI ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 25-30
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPurpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of an aortic thrombus to muscle changes in experimental ischemic myopathy. Group I (9 cats) ; Permanent ligation was performed at the lower end of abdominal aorta and also transient (15 munuts) simultaneous clamping of 1.5 cm above the primary ligation for producing thrombus in the vascular free space injected with 20 I. U. of thrombine. Group II (5 cats) ; By using the similar method, vascular free space was permformed at right femoral artery injected with 10 I. U. of thrombine. Group III (4 cats) ; Only permanent ligation was performed at the lower end of abdominal aorta and also at the right femoral artery in Group IV (4 cats) . Animals were sacrificed 3 days after surgery. The right lower limb muscle groups were dissected immediately. Results : In the groups treated with thrombine, distinct thrombus was confirmed in 6 out of 9 cases of Group I and in 4 out of 5 cases of Group II. They were divided into two major clinical groups because of their clinical course. One of the group which observed in three cases of Group I showed violent clinical course with complete fluccid type of paraplegia in both hind limb of the cats develop just after the operation and continued untill sacrification. Thrombus were noted through the ligation site of abdominal aorta to entire parts of the arteries and veins in the hind limb of the cats. The muscle pathology showed coagulative necrosis without histological reactions in all of the muscle groups of the hind limb. Another group which observed in three cases Group I and in four cases of Group II showed progressive paraparesis or monoparesis. Thrombi were located at just the ligation sites of the abdominal aorta or the right femoral artery, while scattered micro emboli were observed in the muscles of hind limb which are far from the primary ligation sites. The muscle pathology showed small infarctions scattered in the muscles along the vascular territories. Severity of muscle changes in each muscle group of hind limb of the cases with thrombus were remarkably for anterior group of muscles compared with posteror ones. On the other hand, no remarkable motor paresis observed in the cases whithout thrombus.View full abstractDownload PDF (2665K) -
Akira MATSUMOTO, Mikio KANDA1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 31-42
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied histopathological changes of the lung of the patients who were suffered from hypovolemic shock before death and compaired the findings to those of patients without shock. Examination of the specimens according to the time course of shock disclosed that vascular changes preceded extensive exudative changs of adult respiratory distress syndrome and that in those patients who survived the exudative phase repaire of vascular endothelial cells was observed. In addition, we blindly examined the lung specimens of cases with or without hypovolemic shock and scored the histopathological changes reported to be characteristic to the shock lung or adult respiratory distress syndrome. The extravascular changes were intraalveolar edema, hyaline membrane, intraalveolar hemorrhage, damage of type 2 epithelial cells and interstitial edema. The intravascular changes included congestion, microthrombus formation and intravascular sequastration of leukocytes. And the vasuclar changes consisted of swelling of endothelial cells, exfoliation of endothelial cells, edema of vascular wall, hypertrophy of intima and hypertrophy of media. All of these changes were obseved in the patients with or without hypovolemic shock. But statistical analysis disclosed significantly higher mean scores of swelling of endothelial cells (0.01>p>0.005) and exfoliation of endothelial cells (0.025>p>0.01) in the patients with hypovolemic shock. In addition, mean scores of edema of vascular wall and interstitial were higher in the patients with shock than in the patients without shock, but the differences were not significant statistically (0.1>p>0.05) . The above findings suggest that none of the reported histopathological changes is pathognomonic to shock lung or adult respiratory distress syndrome. But endothelial cell damage is characteristic to shock lung and precedes later exudative and proliferative changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (10565K) -
Kentaro KUWAHARA, Hidemichi GOTO, Mitsugu HASEGAWA, Youichi TAKEYAMA, ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 43-50
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied the clinical significance and prognosis of non Q wave myocardial infarction (non-QMI) compairing with Q wave myocardial infarction (QMI) . Six hundred and one patients acute myocardial infarction were divided into QMI ; 554, non-QMI with ST depression (non-QMI-D) ; 28 and non-QMI with ST elevation (non-QMI-E) ; 19 on the basis of appearance of abnormal Q wave and deviation of ST segment on admission. In non-QMI-D the incidence of preinfarction angina was 92.9% and significantly higher. With the pattern of preinfarction angina the changing pattern and angina at rest was the highest in non-QMI-D and non-QMI-E, respectively. The patients with non-QMI had significantly less complication of pump failure, none of those with non-QMI-E had severe congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock. The peak serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) values were the highest in QMI and there were no difference between non-QMI groups in peak CPK and number of leads with ST deviation. Non-QMI-D had significantly higher incidence of three vessels disease but those were no difference between non-QMI-E and QMI. In non-QMI-E group overall surgival rate was the best. Although patients with non-QMI-D had better cumulative survival rate by six months than those with QMI, subsequent mortality in the patients increased and aproached that of patients with QMI. Death due to cardiac rupture was exclusively noted in patients with QMI in acute stage and the occurrence of reinfarction was higher in non-QMI-D in chronic stage. These results suggest it is notable to divid non-QMI into non-QMI-D and non-QMI-E by ECG findings to predict the clinical significance and prognosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1033K) -
Somei CHIN, Tsutomu HIRANO, Masahisa INABA, Seishi NAGANO, Terumi TAKA ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 51-55
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPatients with diabetes mellitus have an increased tendency to trigger the onset and development of atherosclerosis and have a higher incidence of thrombosis compared with normal subjects. It has been thought that the enhancement of platelet aggregation plays an important role in its relationship to the onset of thrombosis. We performed the following study based on the idea that serum lipoperoxide (LPO) acts as a promotive agent in initiating platelet aggregation. 1) The serum LPO and platelet aggregability of 46 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were measured. 2) Arachidonic acid hydroperoxide (AAHPO) and linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LAHPO) were added in vitro to the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) of a healthy subject, and the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) -induced platelet aggregation was measured. 3) LAHPO was injected intravenously into streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, and the ADP-induced platelet aggregation was measured. The results are as follows: 1) The serum LPO showed a positive correlation with the maximum platelet aggregability induced by ADP in diabetic patients (P<0.05) . 2) Both AAHPO and LAHPO enhanced platelet aggregation of the healthy subject. 3) The group of diabetic rats that had LAHPO injected intravenously showed a significant enhancement of platelet aggregation compared with the normal rat group that received linoleic acid (LA), the normal rat group that received LAHPO, and the diabetic rat group that received LA (P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively) . Diabetic patients often show an increase in serum LPO, and the above findings suggest that such an increase of LPO levels acts as a promotive agent on platelet aggregation, and thus is one of the predisposing factors for the onset of thrombosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (494K) -
—MULTIVARIATIVE ANALYSIS USING A DISCRIMINANT FUNCTION—Mitsugu HASEGAWA, Hitoshi YAMADA, Masafumi OHNO, Kentaro KUWAHARA, Shu ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 57-67
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSShort-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and classification of congestive heart failure (CHF) by hemodynamic variables were assessed by multivariate analysis using a disciminant function. One hundred and forty patients with AMI (122 hospital survivors and 18 non-survivors) were studied. Hemodynamic variables were measured on admission (0 hour), and 8, 16 and 24 hours after admission. Standardized scores of BPS, BPM, BPD, HR, CI, PCWP and CVP were calculated. The discriminant effect was proved to be greater in the order of CI, CVP, PCWP and BPD. The following two discriminant equations were obtained.
Z=223-164 (CI) +10 (PCWP) (I)
Z=-42-27 (BPS) -64 (BPD) +88 (BPM) +3 (HR) -136 (CI) +7 (PCWP) +13 (CVP) (II)
When variables at 0 hour were used, the above equations were proved to be best to discriminate between hospital survivors and non-survivors. That is, the rates of correct discrimination were 78.8 % after the equation I and 85.6 % after the equation II when the internal sample was used, and 76.2 % after the equation I and 85.7 % after the equation II when the external sample was used. CI of 2.36 l/min/m2and PCWP of 15 mmHg could satisfactorily classify the severity of CHF into 4 stages.View full abstractDownload PDF (1038K) -
Akira YAMAMOTO, Sinya TAKANO, Takeshi KUSUMI, Hideyo ASAKA1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 69-76
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS12 subjects were placed under a single loading of 40 Hz pure tone, double loading of 40 Hz pure tone+band noise (1 KHz, 4 KHz) and double loading of 40 Hz pure tone+road noise, and the temperature of their back of hands were measured with time by means of thermography. As a result of comparing changes in dermal temperature, by setting the temperature immediately before loading as 0, with those of control group by loaded sound and subject by the use of analysis of variance, no specific trend was observed in kind of loaded sound, level of sound or emergence of significant change, but large individual differences were observed by subject. From the above results, it was presumed that the uncertain complaint ascribed so far to the sound in low frequency reflects the condition of the autonomic nervous system brought about by sound receiver's psychological and physiological effects rather than the sound in low frequency iteself.View full abstractDownload PDF (2937K) -
Masafumi OHNO, Norio KAJI, Ken-ichi NAKAYA, Fumihide YOSHIDA1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 77-86
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hemodynamic changes in right ventricular infarction was investigated in adult mongrel dogs in this study. Preserving the pericardium, myocardial infarction was made in the dogs under pentobarbital anesthetization. Infarction was made each by ligating the right coronary artery (RCA group), by ligating the right coronary artery in 30 minutes after ligating the left circumflex branch (LCX+RCA group) and by ligating the left circumflex branch (LCX group), and then hemodynamics in 3 groups were observed with time. The parameters used were HR, mAP, CO, TPR, LVSP, LVEDP, maxLVdp/dt, RVSP, RVEDP, maxRVdp/dt, mRAP and regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) by hydrogen gas clearance method. RCA group showed slight decrease in mAP, CO, LVSP, maxLVdp/dt and RMBF in the left anterior ventricular wall and large increase in RVEDP and mRAP. LCX+RCA group showed slight decrease in HR, mAP, LVSP and RVSP, large decrease in CO, maxRVdp/dt and RMBF in the left anterior ventricular wall and large increase in TPR, LVEDP, RVEDP and mRAP. LCX group showed slight decrease in mAP, CO, TPR, LVSP and maxLVdp/dt, a slight increase in RVEDP and mRAP and large increase in LVEDP. Significant differences were observed in the rates of maximum changes in these parameters. However, a trend of recovery in the hemodynamic changes was observed during the course of experiment in RCA and LCX group, the hemodynamic change, which was the largest one among these 3 groups, sustained in LCX+RCA group. These results indicate that the simultaneous involvement of the free wall of right ventriculum and interventricular septum were required for the appearance of low output syndrome which is the characteristic of clinical right ventricular infarction.View full abstractDownload PDF (2767K) -
Kiyohiko SAIDA, Toshihiro TAKABA1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 87-94
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHemodynamic and metabolic effect of nitroprusside (NP) under the condition of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were evaluated in this study. The changes of systemic vascular resistance (SVR), VO2and oxgen extraction ratio were compared before and after the administration of NP during CPB in 30 patients of aquired heart disease. SVR changed from 31.3±8.1 to 25.6±6.4 dynes·sec·cm-5 (p<0.005), VO2significantly increased from 50.7±14.0 to 58.8±21.0 ml/min/m2 (p<0.05) and oxygen extraction ratio from 20.0±4.7 to 24.3±7.1 % (p <0.05) after administration of NP. However, there were no statistical changes in the serum concentration of catecholamine and renin. Urinary excreta and rewarming time during extracorporeal circulation were compared with these 30 patients (Group NP) to 20 control patients without administration of NP (Group C) . Although no difference were seen in urinary excretition (403 ml/hour in group C, 395 ml/hour in group NP), rewarming time was shorter in group NP (48.2 min and 38.5 min, p<0.05) . Early post operative cardiac function at ICU were slightly better in group NP. These results suggested the administration of NP during CPB maintenance improved the demand supply balance of oxygen.View full abstractDownload PDF (862K) -
Mamoru MOCHIZUKI, Noburu KONNO, Kazuhiko UMETSU, Takashi KATAGIRI1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 95-103
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied metabolic impairment of the non-ischemic myocardium of the infarcted heart with special reference to pump failure, induced by coronary occlusion in dogs. 20 dogs, subjected to the experiments, were separated to two groups in which left ventricular systolic pressure (LVP) reduced greater than 30 % of that before ligation of the left circumflex branch (LCX) for 2 hrs (D group) and did not (ND group) . Ca++-stimulated ATPase activity and constituting protein of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) were determined in subendo- (Endo) and subepicardial muscles (Epi) together with tissue levels of ATP, lactate and pyruvate. In the ischemic myocardium Ca++-ATPase activity of SR decreased to 44% of that of the non-ischemic zone accompanying the degradation of the major ATPase protein of SR, and tissue level of ATP reduced greatly to 55 % accompanied by a significant increase in lactate. In the nonischemic myocardium of D group Ca++-ATPase activity of SR reduced significantly to 60 and 58% of those of in Endo and Epi, respectively, without degradation of the major ATPase protein, and tissue level of ATP reduced to 70 % of that in Endo. Both in Endo and Epi, Ca++-ATP-ase activity significantly correlated with LVP. Tissue ATP content also significantly decreased in proportion to reduction in LVP in Endo. These results indicate that metabolism of the non-ischemic myocardium is greatly disturbed, especially in Endo under severe pump failure such as cardiogenic shock, and a reduced coronary flow was conceivable to be the cause of the impaired metabolism in vicious circle of contractile failure.View full abstractDownload PDF (4021K) -
Yoshihiko SUGIYAMA, Hidekazu OHTA, Akira SHIOKAWA, Miki KUSHIMA, Tsuka ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 105-108
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty four cases of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma (immunocytoma) were examined by using ATPase and ANAE stains of the lymph node imprints. Neoplastic lymphocytes and lymphoplasmacytoid cells were shown constantly high percentage positivity of ATPase stain and it was not correlated with the degree of plasma cell differentiation. As previously reported, the same tendency of ATPase positivity in immunocytoma was obtained, as those of CLL of B cell type and lymphoma derived from follicle center cell. By combined method with ANAE stain, ATPase stain is a useful method in order to investigate malignant lymphomas of B cell origin.View full abstractDownload PDF (375K) -
Yoshihiko SUGIYAMA, Hidekazu OHTA, Akira SHIOKAWA, Miki KUSHIMA, Tsuka ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 109-112
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSANAE and ATPase activities of 8 cases of immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL) were examined by using the lymph node imprints. T cell rest population which is shown as ANAE-droplet positive cells was remarkably decreased. This result was similar to CLL of B cell type, malignant lymphoma of follicle center cell origin and lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, which we have previously reported. Plasma cell series in the examined cases was considerably increased, but it was not correlated to the increase of ATPase activities comparing with malignant lymphomas of B cell origin, which described above. According to this report and several investigations which have indicated the transition from IBL to true maliganat lymphoma, it could be suggested that plasma cell series proliferating in IBL might not be reactive plasmacytosis, but belong to paraneoplastic cells and/or transitional form to true lymphoma cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Minoru SHIBATA, Yasukiyo SUMINO, Naoya YOSHIDA, Takaaki SADAMOTO, Tada ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 113-117
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 36-year-old male patient with HBeAg positive chronic type B hepatitis was hospitalized due to general fatigue. Laboratory findings were as follows : GOT 381KU, GPT 227KU, γ-Glob 18.7 %, IgG 1891 mg/dl. He was diagnosed as chronic active hepatitis by laparoscopic examination, and steroid rebound therapy was performed. After 12 months, seroconversion was not found and serum transaminase elevated to 349 KU and 263 KU. Interferon was administerd for 28 days. Successfull seroconversion of HBeAg to anti-HBeoccurred and liver dysfunction ceased. We have treated 32 patients with HBeAg positive chronic type B hepatitis with steroid rebound therapy; 19 (59.4 %) of 32 patients became seronegative for HBe Ag and 10 (31.3 %) seroconverted to anti-HBeAb. The period of seronegativity or seroconversion were all within 12 months after treatment and this figure remained unchanged even after 12 months. We suggest another treatment such as administration of IFN to HBeAg positive hepatitis when HBeAg are still positive 12 months after steroid rebound therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (3641K) -
Yoshimi OSAKABE, Makoto MURAHASHI, Shigeru KANESAKA, Kentaro NARIHARA, ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 119-121
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 72-year-old man with chronic pulmonary emphysema of Hugh-Jokes (H-J) Grade V was admitted to our department because of acute exacerbation after upper respiratory tract infections. In the presence of remarkable respiratory acidosis and disturbance of consiousness, endotracheal tube was interted and volume limited artificial respiration was started. Under this treatment, mediastinal emphysema and subcutaneous emphysema developed with aggravation of general condition, for which the volume limited artificial respirator was changed to pressure limited artificial respirator. After change of the respirator, progression of emphysema could be stopped with improvement in general condition. These results indicate that the use of pressure limited artificial respirator is valuable enough to be considered in the control of artificial respiration in cases of strong air way occlusion.View full abstractDownload PDF (2760K) -
Ikuta NAKANO, Junmi KURE, Yasushi AKITA, Susumu OZAWA, Keiichirou YONE ...1988 Volume 48 Issue 1 Pages 123-126
Published: February 28, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is a rare hereditary disease characterized by tendon xanthomas, dementia, cataracts, cerebellar ataxia. In this paper, a 43-year-old man with typical signs and symptoms of CTX is described. In spite of tendon xanthomas, serum cholesterol concentration was normal. The concentration of cholic acid showed high level, which occupied 75.6 % and 91.0% of total bile acids in serum and in bile, respectively, and those of chenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid were extremely low. Bile alcohols were identified, for instance 5β-cholestane-3α, 7α, 12α, 25-tetrols (in bile 50.8 %, and in feces 54.3 %) . Administration of ursodeoxycholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid for 180 days resulted in no changes of neurological signs and symptoms.View full abstractDownload PDF (392K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|