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Volume 43 (1983)
- Issue 6 Pages 711-
- Issue 5 Pages 561-
- Issue 4 Pages 421-
- Issue 3 Pages 297-
- Issue 2 Pages 151-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 43, Issue 3
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Akihiro MORIKAWA, Tadahiro MIZUKAMI, Umeki INOUE, Takero MIZUNO, Masas ...1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 297-307
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSResection of a unilateral kidney with contralateral nephrectomy was performed to induce chronic renal failure in a group of rats. In another group, one third of the kidney was resected to increase the remaining renal parenchyma compared with the previous group, and 1 % saline solution was added to drinking water as a means of administration. The changes in blood pressure, serum urea nitrogen, plasma renin activity and histological findings on the remaining kidney were studied in order to clarify the mechanism of hypertension in chronic renal failure. The results showed that a similar blood pressure elevation to that obtained in chronic renal failure can, to a certain extent, be induced by reducing the renal mass. It was also shown that a marked rise in blood pressure and severe renal lesions, compared with the rise in urea nitrogen, occurred after administraton of saline solution in the later group. Plasma renin activity fell in proporton to the remaining renal mass and decreased further after administration of saline in this model. The extent of renal lesion, along with the volume load, may have affected elevation of blood pressure in this model of chronic renal failure.View full abstractDownload PDF (7542K) -
Makoto NAKAHAMA, Hitoshi FUNATOMI, Susumu TAGUCHI, Yoshio HATTA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 309-314
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo elucidate the clinical significance of serum amylase in liver diseases, serum amylase activity and its isozyme pattern were analyzed in 60 patients; 38 with cirrhosis, 15 with chronic hepatitis and 7 with acute hepatitis. Hyperamylasemic or S-type hyperisoamylasemic cases were found more frequently in cirrhosis when compared to the other liver diseases. Furthermore, many cases of cirrhosis with hyperamylasemia showed S-type hyperamylasemia. These serum amylase abnormalities in cirrhosis had some relationship to prolonged ICG retention in peripheral blood, while these were not associated with other clinical symptoms or laboratory findings. These results suggest that serum amylase in cirrhosis was not derived from liver tissue and that the liver might play some role in regulating the serum amylase level. It was concluded that the other mechanisms, including renal excretion of amylase, should be considered to elucidate the significance of hyperamylasemia and S-type hyperisoamylasemia in cirrhosis.View full abstractDownload PDF (725K) -
Hirohisa TAJIMA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 315-324
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing benzylamine as substrate, the existence of clorgyline- and deprenyl-resistant, but semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, called benzylamine oxidase (BZO), distinct from monoamine oxidase (MAO) was established in rat spleen, testis and stomach. The proportions of BZO activity to MAO in these three preparations were extremely distinct, depending mainly on the substrate concentration used. This difference might be due to its lower Km values for benzylamine (about 3-6 μM) than those of MAO (200-250 μM), thus, at low concentrations of the substrate, it was exclusively oxidized by BZO. This amine oxidase in these preparations highly and similarly oxidized β-phenylethylamine, tyramine and tryptamine, as well as benzylamine, but its oxidations of 5-HT and dopamine were poor. It was also found here that activity was significantly inhibited by carbonyl reagents, semicarbazide and hydroxylamine and, also, by a copper-chelator, cuprizone. However, the extents of inhibition by these compounds were all similar in these three preparations tested. In addition, specific inhibitors for lysyl oxidase, β-aminopropionitrile and plasma amine oxidase, KCN, did not significantly inhibit BZO activity, indicating that this enzyme is distinct from these two pyridoxal phosphate-containing amine oxidases. From these almost identical results for comparisons of kinetics, substrate specificities and inhibitor sensitivities, this amine oxidase in rat spleen, testis and stomach appears to be identical and of one kind. However, this amine oxidase found in these organs differs from MAO, lysyl oxidase and plasma amine oxidase.View full abstractDownload PDF (1129K) -
Takehiro TAKENAKA, Shigeru TOMOYASU, Nobuyoshi TSURUOKA, Michiyuki SHI ...1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 325-332
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical significances of serum iron, ferritin and ceruloplasmin were studied in patients with chronic liver diseases and chronic myeloproliferative disorders, and results follow: In liver cirrhosis, serum iron concentrations and total iron-binding capacity were normal or decreased, otherwise, serum f erritin levels were increased. These findings might suggest the disturbance of iron utilization. There was a positive correlation between serum iron concentrations and serum f erritin levels, and a negative correlation between total ironbinding capacity and serum ferritin levels. A significant correlation was seen between serum ceruloplasmin levels and serum iron concentrations. In polycythemia vera, serum iron concentrations were within normal ranges and serum ferritin concentrations were low, which suggested latent iron deficiency accompanied by erythroid hyperplasia. Hyperf erritinaemia and hyperceruloplasminaemia were found in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, primary myelofibrosis and idiopathic thrombocythemia, which seemed to be manifestations involved in a bone marrow prolif erative process. Serum ferritin levels were closely correlated with serum LDH in chronic myeloid leukemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (908K) -
Yuichi HIRAMA, Kzauya KAMIJO, Shigeo YAMADA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 333-347
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of dexamethasone, betamethasone and hydrocortisone on concentrations of cephalothin (CET) and cephalozin (CEZ) in both blood and tissue were examined using rats and rabbits, and the following results were obtained: When dexamethasone (0.25 mg/kg) was administered to rabbits subcutaneously in combination with CET and CEZ, the plasma level of CET decreased remarkably in the initiat time after administration of this antibiotic, while the plasma level of CEZ increased significantly. Plasma levels of CET and CEZ were decreased to some extent by intravenous injection of dexamethasone. When betamethasone (0.25 mg/kg, 1.25 mg/kg) and hydrocortisone (10 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) were administered by drip infusion in combination with CET and CEZ, concentrations of these increased remarkably. A large dose of dexamethasone (2.5 mg kg drip infusion) decreased plasma levels of these antibiotics, while a small dose of this drug (0.25 mg/kg, 1.25 mg/kg) increased these plasma levels. When CET (200 mg/kg) and CEZ (200 mg/kg) were administered intramuscularly to rats 1 hr. after an oral administration of probenecid (50 mg/kg), the plasma level of CET and CEZ increased. In contrast, the plasma level of these cephalospoline preparations was decreased by intramuscular administration of dexamethasone (5 mg/kg) . Both CET and CEZ were distributed in kidney, spleen, lung and small intestine after intramuscular administration of these cephalospolin preparations to rats. Cef azoline also was distributed to the liver and the concentration of this drug in this tissue was increased significantly by intramuscular administration of dexamethasone and oral administration of probenecid. When dexamethasone (0.22-0.26 mg/kg) was administered in combination with CET (24-207 mg/kg) or CEZ (38.5-83.0 mg/kg) to children with acute infections, plasma levels of these antibiotics increased. In 8 children with acute infections, 4 cases responded well.View full abstractDownload PDF (1557K) -
Hiroshi OGASAWARA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 349-358
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is generally accepted that ligandin has an important role in intracellular transport of many kinds of chemicals involving organic anions, bilirubin, steroid hormones and drugs metabolized in the liver. In this report, we investigated the changes in amounts of ligandin and their BSP-binding activity using cholestatic and liver-injured rats. Cholestasis was induced in rats by administration of alpha naphthylthioisocyante (ANIT) or by common bile duct ligation. Liver injury was induced by injection of D-galactosamine (i.p.) . Cholestasis and liver injury were confirmed by measuring serum bilirubin, total cholesterol, alkaline phosphatase and GPT. These values were markedly increased after 24 hrs of ANIT treatment and ligation. Amounts of ligandin were found to be increased after 24 hrs. of ANIT administration and 48 hrs. of ligation. On the other hand, after 48 hrs of the ANIT and 24 hrs. of the ligation, ligandin increased 17% and 28% of the control value, respectively. Amounts of BSP bound to ligandin isolated from ANIT-treated and ligated liver cytosol were drastically decreased. The specific activities of BSP binding to ligandin prepared from ANIT-treated and ligated rats were almost half those of the control. Since liver cytosol fractions from ANIT-treated and ligated rats contained the same amounts of protein and BSP, it was considered that the low specific activity under cholestasis was due to the decrease of binding capacity of liganding by increasing organic anions in the cytosol. In the case of liver injury by D-galactosomine, the specific activity of BSP-binding was normal, even though the amounts of protein and BSP in the cytosol were markedly decreased. This result suggested that liver cells from galactosamine-treated rats were affected on protein synthesis, including liganding and/or plasma membrane, but not on characteristics of BSP-binding of ligandin.View full abstractDownload PDF (1068K) -
Nobuo TANAKA, Hirofumi SAITOH, Yoshio HATTA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 359-365
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMany clinical and pathological studies have been carried out to elucidate the pathophysiology of liver cirrhosis. In this report, we investigated the correlation between serum total bile acid (TBA) and serum bilirubin, prothrombin activity and ICG-R 15 using 36 liver cirrhosis patients. The relationship between TBA and clinical signs, such as splenomegaly and esophageal varices was also studied. In several cases, shunt formation rate, which was obtained by per-rectal portal 99mTcO4-scintigraphy, was compared with TBA. High TBA values were found in more than 80% of the cirrhosis patients. In addition, in almost all cirrhosis cases, M-TBA's were markedly increased. High F-TBA value was found to be correlated to serum bilirubin and prothrombin activity, which are known as markers of liver cell function, with correlation coefficients of 0.664 and -0.515, respectively. In addition to the correlation between M-TBA and serum bilirubin, M-TBA also correlated very highly with prothrombin activity. It is well known that high ICG-R 15 values and clinical signs such as splenomegaly and varices are characteristic of progressed cirrhosis. When correlations between TBA and ICG-R15, splenomegaly and varices were examined, they were closely related to each other. When per-rectal portal scintigraphy was performed on several of our patients, in four cases in six (80%), 99mTcO4-appeared first in the heart-prior to the liver. In all cases which showed preferential appearance of Tc in the heart, both F-TBA and M-TBA were increased. Notably, in these cases, AUC values were drastically increased. These results indicated that increased TBA, including AUC, reflected the shunt formation rate rather than liver cell function in cirrhosis. It was also concluded that M-TBA is much more invaluable in following the progress of cirrhosis than is F-TBA.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
Takefumi KUNIEDA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 367-379
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSECG changes in 40 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were analyzed. The cases were classified into 6 groups with the side, the degree of collapse and the relationship between the collapsed lung and the chest wall. Standard 12-lead ECGs were taken in acute phase on all cases, and 24 cases were followed up after complete resolution. The acute phase ECGs were compared with the standard ECG parameters of Japanese, and the recovery phase ECGs were compared with those of acute phase.
1) In acute phase, R and QRS in I showed lower tendencies in all groups. Those in III showed higher tendencies in high-degree-collapsed groups of both sides.
2) Q-aVL in high-degree-collapsed groups and q-aVL in low-degree-collapsed groups were likely to be noted in acute phase. After complete resolution, Q or q in aVL noted in acute phase remained unchanged in right pneumothorax, but in left pneumothorax they tended to decrease or vanish in the cases that the collapsed lungs were separated with the chest walls. In left high-degree-collapsed group with adhesion of the lung and the chest wall, Q-aVL appeared after resolution of pneumothorax.
3) In right pneumothorax of acute phase, R and QRS in V5-6 tended to increase. In high degree-collapsed group of same side, T in V1 tended to increase, howerve, S and QRS in V1 tended to decrease.
In left pneumothorax of acute phase, R, T and QRS in V5-6 tended to decrease apparently. In high-degree collapsed group of the same side, R, S, T and QRS in V1 tended to increase.
4) Mean frontal QRS axis in acute phase showed a rightward shift tendency in right highdegree-collapsed group, and showed a leftward shift tendency in left high-degree-collapsed group complicating adhesion of the lung and the chest wall.
5) In left pneumothorax of acute phase, R in V6 tended to be taller than R in V5.
6) Transition zone in the chest leads showed a tendency to be shifted to the left in left pneumothorax in acute phase.
This study suggested that ECG is useful for the diagnosis of pneumothorax and its evaluation of resolution, and that ECG may be helpful for diagnosis of the side, the degree of collapse and the relationship between the lung and the chest wall.View full abstractDownload PDF (1231K) -
Yoshimitsu YANAGISAWA, Yoshio HATTA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 381-387
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, several kinds of antibodies against tumor specific antigens, including AFP and CEA, have been developed and used in cancer diagnosis. Due to the difficulty of clinical diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in its early stages, many studies to discover pancreatic tumorspecific antigens have been carried out. Since we found that pancreatic fluids obtained from pancreatic cancer patients contained not only free sialic acid at higher concentrations than those of the control, we tried to isolate and characterize glycoproteins from both pancreatic fluid and carcinomic tissue by means of electrophoresis. Both pancreatic fluids from pancreatic cancer patients and from controls were found to contain 8 major proteins on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), each having the same relative mobility. When PAS-staining was performed after PAGE, 4 PAS-positive bands showing identical mobility were observed in both controls and pancreatic cancer patients. In addition to these 4 glycoproteins, pancreatic fluid from pancreatic cancer patients contained an additional 2 glycoproteins. One glycoprotein, which was found in only pancreatic cancer patients with Rm 0.68 on PAGE, and this was very strongly stained by PAS-reagent. Since the intensity of the purple coloration of each glycoprotein in cancer patients was diminished after neuraminidase treatment, it was indicated that sialic acid content in sugar moiety of the protein was increased in pancreatic cancer. The molecular weight of pancreatic cancer-specific glycoprotein with Rm 0.68 was determined to be approximately 66, 000 dalton by SDS-PAGE. This 66, 000 dalton glycoprotein showed no immunoreactivity with anti-human serum antibody or with POA (pancreatic oncofetal antigen) antibody by immunoelectrophoresis. This glycoprotein was quite different from both AFP and CEA in its malecular structure. The 66, 000 dalton glycoprotein was found in 73% of the pancreatic cacer patients (8 cases in 11) . When glycoproteins were isolated from plasma membrance fractions of pancreatic tissue by LIS-phenol procedure, the 66, 000 dalton glycoprotein found in pancreatic fluid was undetectable on PAGE. On the other hand, the plasma membran contained 72, 000 dalton glycoprotein, which could not be found in control tissue. The characterizatioh of the 72, 000 dalton glycoprotein is no being undertaken.View full abstractDownload PDF (5629K) -
Yoshiyuki HATANO, Hidefumi KODAMA, Yoshio HATTA1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 389-396
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe overall transport of bile acids from the blood into the bile is known to be a saturable process, but mechanisms of uptake by hepatocytes and excretion into bile remain to be clarified. In general, bile acid metabolism is regulated by the following three processes: hepatic uptake, intracellular transport and excretion into bile. We investigated the mechanism of radioactive taurocholic acid (TCA) uptake by rat liver and excretion into bile using the flowthrough perfusion technique. Red blood cells and albumin-free Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing TCA were used for perfusion under aeration of 95% 02-5% C02. Fluid was pumped through the liver at a constantflow rate (24 ml/min at 37°C) . Perf usate samples were collected each 5 min as a fraction from the vena cava inferior. Bile was collected from a catheter inserted in the common bile duct each 5 min as one fraction. We found that bromsulf ophthalein (BSP) has a delay effect on the disappearance of radioactive cholic acid injectedin vivo. This result indicated that BSP should affect hepatic uptake of cholic acid and/or excretion into the bile. When rat liver was Perf used with solution containing TCA, it was taken up by a saturable process depending on both the perfusion period and substrate concentration. It was considered that TCA incorporated during 5 min of perfusion should represent the amount of TCA taken up by hepatocytes located very closely to the blood stream. Since TCA uptake for 5 min exhibited a saturable kinesis, the Km obtained by Lineweaver-Burk plot was estimated to be 8.8×10-6μmol/g liver/min with Vmax 3.96 pmol/g liver. This uptake was inhibited by a low concentration of BSP. It was also found that taurochenodeoxy cholic acid inhibited the uptake in a competitive manner. These results suggested that TCA was taken up by hepatocytes in a carrier-mediated manner. When the TCA concentration in cytosol fraction was measured after 30 min of perfusion, the uptake was found to be a saturable mechanism. The Km of TCA uptake for binding proteins in the cytosol was approximately 1.75×10-4μmol/g liver. Although BSP inhibited hepatic TCA uptake, it did not alter the amount of TCA excreted into bile ; BSP only delayed the time until the maximal excretion rate was reached.View full abstractDownload PDF (807K) -
Seiichiro TAKAHASHI, Shuzo HIRABAYASHI, Osamu SAKAMOTO, Makoto ARAI, N ...1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 397-403
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to demonstrate the clinical value of ultrasonography, we examined 218 cases with biliary tract diseases, of which 152 had cholecystolithiasis, 23 had choledocholithiasis, 33 patients had cholecystitis, 3 had gall bladder cancer, 5 patients had bile duct carcinoma and 2 had gall bladder polyps. The accuracy of cholecystolithiasis diagnosis was as high as 94.1% (142 out of 152 patients) by ultrasonography. Twelve cases out of 23 (52.2%) with choledocholithiasis were correctly diagnosed and the dilated extrahepatic bile ducts, with diameters of over 8 mm, were visualized in 20 of the cases (87.0%) examined by this method. The diagnostic accuracy of 87.0% was approximately equal to that of FRCP. Ultrasonography was accurate as much as 93.9% of the time in the diagnosis of cholecystitis in 33 patients, however, 7 other hepatic diseases were misjudged using ultrasonography. Seventeen patients were diagnosed as having gall bladder cancer by ultrasonography, however, only 3 of these were, in fact, true cases of carcinoma, and the rest were cholecystitis or other hepatic diseases. It was difficult for us to differentiate gall bladder cancer from cholecystitis by employing ultrasonography only. Accuracy of bile duct carcinoma diagnosis was as low as 40.0%, though the location of obstructions was visualized in all cases. By ultrasonography, we found two cases with gall bladder polyps, but we mistook 5 cases of gall stones and gall bladder sludge as polyps. In conclusion, linear array electronic real-time ultrasonography proved to be effective for the diagnosis of biliary tract diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (3760K) -
Ken-ichiro HINO, Shigeru TOMOYASU, Takeshiro TAKENAKA, Motoharu SANO, ...1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 405-410
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, an increased number of systemic fungal infections has been seen in cases of acute myelogeneous leukemia. A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of fever in February, 1978. She was diagnosed as having AML by the presence of leukemic cells in peripheral blood and on the basis of bone marrow findings. She was treated with daunomycin, cytosine arabinoside, prednisolone, 6MP, MTX and other drugs for 18 months after admission. Complete remission was induced, but, in August of 1979, she was readmitted due to relapse of AML and fever. Chest X-ray revealed cardiomegaly and an abnormal shadow in the right upper lobes. ECG revealed ST elevation and low voltage, but no changes in myocardial enzyme level were observed. She died of respiratory distress and heart failure in September, 1979. Autopsy revealed Aspergillus myocarditis and pericarditis (pancarditis) with large mural thrombus by Aspergillus, pulmonary infarctions with organized thrombi of both pulmonary arteries and pulmonary Aspergillosis. Aspergillus infections were also observed in the kidney, spleen, stomach and esophagus.View full abstractDownload PDF (5081K) -
Nobuo TANAKA, Susumu OZAWA, Hiroyuki YOSHIDA, Tatsuaki NOZU, Hirofumi ...1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 411-414
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 60-year-old woman who had been diagnosed as having cholelithiasis for over 15 years suffered sudden jaundice. We performed ERCP and found a dilated common bile duct, incomplete obstruction and irregularity of lower CBD, dilatation of the intrahepatic bile tree and multiple liver abscesses. The pathogenesis of obstruction was thought to be bile duct cancer, however, the bile obtained by PTCD was purulent. Thus, it is necessary to discuss differential diagnoses and therapy for acute suppurative cholangitis and acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (3319K) -
Shuzo HIRABAYASHI, Shin-ichiro YOKOYAMA, Tadahiro MIZUKAMI, Susumu TAG ...1983 Volume 43 Issue 3 Pages 415-419
Published: June 28, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCholecystocolic fistula is a relatively rare disease. In this paper, we reported a case of cholecystocolic fistula preoperatively diagnosed by PTC. A 55-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of chronic diarrhea. In biochemical examinations, enzymes such as ALP, γ-GTP and LAP were found to be increased. The lack of bile and decrease of maximal sodium bicarbonate concentration were observed in duodenal aspirate by PStest. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) showed complete obstruction of the common bile duct. Colonofiberscopic findings revealed yellowish fluid resembling bile around the hepatic flexure. Furthermore, contrast medium injected by PTC was found in the area of the heptic flexure. The existence of fistula was confirmed operatively, and the patient's diarrheaic condition disappeared after surgery.View full abstractDownload PDF (3687K)
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