A chicken embryo test is proposed for the biological examination of rancid oil toxicity.
The test samples used in this experiment were several different kinds of fresh edible oils and their rancid ones which were prepared as shown in Fig.-1. Ten fertile eggs (6-day old, White Leghone) were used for the toxicological examination of each oil sample. Two-tenth m
l of the oil was injected into the yolk sac of the eggs. The injected eggs were successively incubated at 38°C and 60% R.H. The toxicity of the oil was determined by the mortality of chicken embryos three days later.
(1) All fresh oils proved nontoxic to the chicken embryos under the experimental condition. The rancid oils, however, showed remarkable toxicity which increased parallel with their rancidity.
(2) The dose-response curve and the reproducibility were obtained under the condition used for the toxicological determination of rancid oils.
(3) This proposed chicken embryo test was compared with ordinal animal test using mice on the same rancid samples. The data indicated that the both methods showed a similar tendency in the results. The chicken embryo test, however, had an advantage over the mice test that the former test required a less quantity of the sample and was much sensitive with good reproducibility.
Therefore, it is considered that this chicken embryo test is suitable for the determination of rancid oil toxicity rather than the chemical assay, since the chemical results do not always correlate to the toxicity.
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