油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
42 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • 朱 云鵬, 石原 慶太, 益山 新樹, 中辻 洋司, 岡原 光男
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 161-167
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    ジエポキシドを出発物質として, 二種類の二鎖型ビス (第四級アンモニウム) 化合物 [(N, N-ジメチル) 型及び (N-ベンジル-N-メチル) 型] を合成した。二つの第四級アンモニウム親水基間をつなぐ連結基構造は界面物性に影響を及ぼし, 特に表面張力低下能と泡沫安定性を大きく左右することを明らかにした。今回合成した化合物の中では, 最も短いエーテル酸素を連結基に有する二鎖ビスアンモニウム化合物が, 最大の起泡力と泡沫安定性を示した。連結基が長くなると共に, 化合物の泡沫安定性は低下する傾向が認められた。
  • タンパク質加水分解物の酸化防止剤との相乗効果 (第 2 報)
    幡手 英雄, 楠 和茂, 河内 正通
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 168-171
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    ウシ血清アルブミンを適当な条件下でペプシンにより加水分解した。生成した加水分解物からα-トコフェロールやアスコルビン酸ナトリウムと強い相乗効果を有するペプチドを, Sephadex G-25 グルクロマト法, SP-Sephadex C-25 イオン交換クロマト法及び ODS カラムによる HPLC で順次分離した。このペプチドは21個のアミノ酸残基から構成されていると推測された。
  • 喜多 由美子, 倉田 武夫
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 172-178
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2010/01/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    近年, 固相液相不均一系反応を利用したファインケミカルズ合成が数多く報告されている。著者らも, 反応を温和に制御できること, 生成物と触媒との分離が容易なことなどの観点から, 上記の反応をテルペン系オキシドの異性化に利用している。
    今回これらの研究の一環として硫酸銅 (II) 触媒に着目し, テルピノレンオキシド (T-1) の異性化を試みたところ, 350 ℃ で焼成した硫酸銅 (II) を触媒としたときにはリモネン-4-オール (T-4) が, 無機固体担持硫酸銅 (II) 触媒 (例えば, CuSO4 / ベントナイト) を用いたときには, ホップ香を有するカラハナエノン (T-2) がそれぞれ選択性良く得られることを見いだしたのでここに報告する。
    硫酸銅 (II) は従来より, ジオールとカルボニル化合物との反応, スチレンオキシドからの 1, 3-ジオキソラン誘導体の合成に有効であるとされているが, テルペン系オキシドの反応に適用した例は見あたらない。本報では硫酸銅 (II) 触媒存在下での (T-1) とケトンとの反応及び担持硫酸銅 (II) 触媒存在下での α-ピネン2, 3-オキシド (P-1), d-リモネン 1, 2-オキシド (L-1) の異性化についても報告する。
  • 深津 誠, 荒川 一郎, 根岸 由典, 高橋 周七, 田村 利武
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 179-183
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The extreme thermophile (Thermus thermophilus 111) isolated from a hot spring water was cultured to obtain lipase. The lipase was purified from an extracellular extract and examination was made of some of its properties. Its maximum activity was expressed at pH 7.0 and 65°C. The addition of Ca2+ ions to the reaction mixture increased the rate of hydrolysis. The longer acyl chain was hydrolyzed more quickly than the shorter acyl chain by the lipase. Lipase thermostability was so high that as much as 85 % of the initial activity remained after 10 min at 100°C.
  • 古谷野 哲夫, 蜂屋 巌, 佐藤 清隆
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 184-189
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2010/01/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    Explanation has been made for thermo-rheological properties of mixture systems of 1, 3-dioleoyl-2-stearoylglycerol (OSO) /cocoa butter, and dark chocolate involving OSO. A OSO/cocoa butter mixture was shown to form a compound at a ratio such that the sum total amount of POP (P : palmitoyl), POS and SOS in cocoa butter was the same as that of OSO equal. X-ray diffraction patterns showed the stable form of the compound to possess a double chain length structure. Stress values required for constant strain were determined with a rheometer at different temperatures. The OSO/cocoa butter compound showed stress values much less than that of the compound formed by OSO/SOS. Lowering stress values in OSO/cocoa butter would thus possibly be due to interactions between compound crystals and the liquid oil fraction in the cocoa butter. Possible molecular mechanisms of the interactions are discussed based on the relationship of double chain length lamellar structures to lamellar slipping movement induced by the incorporation of liquid oil at the lamellar interface.
  • 不飽和トリアシルグリセリン薄膜の熱酸化反応 (第6報)
    高岡 京, 高砂子 昌久, 小林 光一, 多留 康矩
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 190-195
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The thermal oxidative polymerization and degradation of thin films of trioleoylglycerol (TOG) under an air were investigated by vacuum thermogravimetric analysis (VTGA) using dynamic thermal programs.
    The following results were obtained :
    1) The logarithmic initial rate of the thermal oxidative polymerization of TOG was in proportion to the recipocal of the absolute temperature of the reaction. From Arrhenius plots, apparent activation energies were 29 and 9 kcal/mol at 80°C to 130°C and 140°C to 230°C, respectively.
    2) The composition of the thermal oxidative polymer of TOG was determined from a curve of the rate of weight loss from 270°C to 450°C.
    3) The relationship between logarithmic initial rate of thermal oxidative degradation and reciprocal of the reaction temperature of TOG could be expressed as an expression of proportion.
  • s-アルコールのエチレンオキシド付加物から誘導されるアニオン界面活性剤 (第1報)
    倉田 直次, 楽谷 健二, 後藤 隆清
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 196-203
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Monoesters from maleic anhydride and ethylene oxide adducts of C1214 s-alcohols (EOAA) were found in this study to be quantitative yield at a reaction temperature lower than 70°C with a sodium acetate catalyst. At a reaction temperature exceeding 100°C, the diesters formed by successive reaction lowered the yield of the monoesters. The present results were obtained by potentiometry for determination of total acid, maleic acid and monoster. The reaction kinetics are also discussed.
  • 化学発光検出器を用いたHPLCによるヒト皮表脂質過酸化物の定量 (第2報)
    河野 善行, 阪本 興彦, 中村 哲治, 宮澤 陽夫
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 204-209
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Squalene hydroperoxide present in human skin surface lipids was examined by a chemiluminescence high performance liquid chromatography (CL-HPLC) system. A mixture of cytochrome c and luminol served as the hydroperoxide-specific luminescence reagent for post-column detection in reversed phase HPLC. Squalene hydroperoxide was previously detected in skin surface lipids of the human forehead following exposure to the sun. Therefore, in this study, squalene monohydroperoxide was prepared by dye-sensitized photooxidation and its chemical structure was determined by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FAB-MS. The detection limit of squalene monohydroperoxide in CL-HPLC system was as low as 1 pmol. Skin surface lipids from forehead, scalp, and dandruff were also studied. By exposure to sun light or after washing with shampoo, squalene monohydroperoxide could be detected in nearly all samples examined. Squalene may thus be considered the first target lipid on human skin surface that incurs oxidative stress by sun light exposure, etc.
  • 中西 三郎, 片岡 将和, 大辻 吉男
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 210-216
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Synthetic routes were established for amphiphilic compounds containing (η4-diene) Fe (CO) 3 as a lipophilic group and ammonium or sulfonium group as a hydrophilic group from 2, 4-hexadienoic acid and Fe (CO) 5 as starting materials. The ammonium salt, [CH3CH=CHCH=CHCO2 C6H4N+Me3] Fe (CO) 3I- (3) and sulfonium salt [CH3CH=CHCH=CHCO2C6H4S+Me2] Fe (CO) 3 MeSO4- (7) thus obtained were found soluble in water and polar organic solvents and stable in solvents.
    Reaction of (3) and (7) with amines in water-acetonitrile solution led to the conversion of the ester group to an amide group in good yield. The reaction of (3) with octylamine was depended on the water/acetonitrile ratio of the solvent. The yield of amide was maximum at a water/acetonitrile ratio of 3. Equilibrium between the ammonium salt and its free amine would appear to be the cause for the solvent effects. However, amide yield in the reaction of (7) with ocatylamine was virtually constant regardless of the solvent ratio.
  • 不飽和トリアシルグリセリン薄膜の熱酸化反応 (第5報)
    高岡 京, 高砂子 昌久, 小林 光一, 多留 康矩, 太田 静行
    1993 年 42 巻 3 号 p. 217-219
    発行日: 1993/03/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Examination was made of the thermal oxidation of thin films (33120 μ m) of trilinolenoyl-glycerol (TLNG) with and without methyl polysiloxane (SO ; 1000 ppm) under an oxygen atomosphere thermal gravimetric analysis using thermal programs (5°C/min). The following results were obtained :
    1) The rate of residual weight of TLNG (RRW TLNG) with SO exceeded that of TLNG without SO in the temperature range, 170 to 300°C.
    2) The temperature of the maindecomposition of TLNG with SO was higher than that of TLNG without SO.
    3) For film samples of thickness from 50 to 120 μ m, the relationship between temperature and effect of heat-resistance of TLNG with and without SO is apparent from the following data :
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