油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
37 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
  • 玉井 久司
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 81-86
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 藤谷 健
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 87-91
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    飽和及び不飽和トリグリセリドの熱酸化中に起こるBHAの酸化的分解と二量体の生成について研究した。
    BHAを溶かしたトリリノレインを150℃で空気酸化し, 反応混合物からアセトニトリルによる抽出とケイ酸カラムクロマトグラフィーによって, 2種のBHA酸化生成物を得た。これらは, 1H-NMRとマススペトクルによって, BHAのジフェニルエーテル型二量体及びビフェニル型二量体と同定した。トリラウリン及びトリリノレインの熱酸化に伴うBHAの減少と二量体の生成を, HPLCによって追跡した。その結果, トリラウリン中における酸化においては, BHAは二量体まで酸化されそれ以上の酸化はほとんど起こらなかった。また, 生成する二量体はジフェニルエーテル型の方が多かった。これに対してトリリノレイン中における酸化では, BHAは速い速度で酸化し, 二量体を経て更に酸化分解し, また, 生成する二量体はビフェニル型二量体の方が多く生成した。
  • クローブ抽出成分との相乗効果
    青山 稔, 丸山 武紀, 兼松 弘, 新谷 〓, 塚本 正人, 東海林 茂, 松本 太郎
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 92-96
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The synergistic antioxidant effects of tocopherols (Tocs) and extracted components from clove on lard and palm oil were investigated by oven and AOM tests. From the components obtained, powdered commercial clove was extracted with petroleum ether (PE) and ethanol (EtOH) followed by fractionation of the EtOH extract through solubilization in hexane and silica-column chromatography. The antioxidant effects of them were also studied in the same manner.
    1) Both of PE and EtOH extracts of clove clearly showed antioxidant effects on lard by addition at 0.2%, the effect of the latter being stronger.
    2) The hexane soluble component above the EtOH extract also showed antioxidant effect, and somewhat enhanced the effect of a mixture of d-Toc (m-Toc) on lard. The insoluble component enhanced synergistically the effect of m-Toc by hindering increase in POV during the induction period.
    3) Such effects as those of the above soluble component were observed at 500ppm or more of eugenol, the main effective constituent of clove a spice. However, at 100ppm with the addition of acetyl eugenol, and analogous constituent, no effect was observed.
    4) No extracted component of clove such an inhibitory effect on the oxidation of palm oil.
  • テルペン類の合成ゼオライトを触媒とする反応 (その6)
    野村 正人, 藤原 義人
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 97-101
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    An investigation was made of the decomposition of longifolene oxide (1), isolongifolene oxide (2) and β-caryophylene oxide (3) with formic acid in the presence of synthetic zeolites (3A, 4A, 5A, 13 X, TSZ-320-REA, TSZ-330-HUA, TSZ-330-HSA, TSZ-600-HOA, TSZ-640-HOA and TSZ-640-NAA). With formic acid in 4A synthetic zeolite, the decomposition of (1) gave longicamphenilone (4) with high selectivity (86% at optimum).
    With formic acid in the presence of 13 X synthetic zeolite, isolongifolane-4-on (8) and isolongifolane-4-ol (9) were obtained as principal components from (2). The decomposition of (3) gave tricyclic compounds such as dihydroclovene-5-ol (14) as the major products.
  • N- (ペルフルオロアシル) エチレンジアミン・エチレンオキシド付加体の合成とその性質
    喜多 正義, 立松 良一, 山田 裕
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 102-107
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The addition of ethylene oxide (EO) to N- (perfluoroacyl) ethylenediamine (N F) in the presence of Rf =n-C3F7 or n-C7F15 in benzene was carried out at 50130°C in an autoclave without catalysts. The addition reaction proceeded easily and stepwise to yield 1 : 1 and 2 : 1 adducts at low temperature. There products were isolated and measured by gel permeation chromatography. The rate of addition was higher at higher concentration of EO. When the reaction was carried out at [EO] / [NF] =12 at 8090°C for 5 hours, yield of the 2 : 1 adduct was 98%.
    Above 90°C, the marked formation of byproducts occurred.
    The surface activity of the adduct with Rf =n-C7F15-was found better than that with Rf =n-C3F7.
  • フミン質の吸着特性に及ぼす溶存無機塩の影響
    金子 行裕, 安居院 渡, 阿部 正彦, 荻野 圭三
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 108-112
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper describes the adsorption properties of humic substances onsurface-treatedcarbon adsorbents in aqueous solutions including inorganic compounds. Activated carbon fiber made from phenol resin (ACF), Pittsburgh activated carbon (AC) and Electronic conductive carbon black (EC) were used. The solution behavior of humic substances varied due to the presence of certain inorganic compounds. When the valence and/or concentration of the inorganic compounds increased, lower molelcular-weight components (M.W. 1001, 000) in humic substances were converted to higher molecular-weight components (M.W. 1, 0003, 000) due to aggregation. The adsorbed amounts of higher molecular-weight components (M.W. 1, 0003, 000) was larger by using EC with a large volume of meso-pores than by using ACF and AC being rich in micropores.
  • 中 昭廣, 黛 福信, 杉山 浩, 西田 善久
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 113-118
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Coal-water mixtures (CWM) are usually sheared at different rates by pumping, atomization and other steps in proceeding from production to combustion. Thus. a through knowledge of their rheological characteristics in advance is important for determining the most appropriate handling procedure. The authors examined CWM samples of various coal concentrations, and obtained the following results.
    1) CWMs containing no additives are Newtonian fluids, at a coal concentration less than 10%.They became pseudo-plastic fluids on increasing the coal concentration.
    2) Two highly loaded CWMs, one with a multi-branched high molecular nonionic surfactant and the other with the sodium salt of the formalin naphthalenesulfonate condensate, showed pseudoplastic flow.
    3) For both types, on bringing the coal to a certain concentration, pseudoplasticity suddenly increased. At a lower coal concentration, CWM containing a nonionic surfactant was rapidly converted to Newtonian fluids. CWMs possessing an anionic surfactant gradually lost pseudoplasticity.
    4) A CWM showing pseudoplasticity at a low coal concentration can be produced from coal with high oxygen content.
  • ヒト血清脂質中のヒドロペルオキシド量とTBA値の比較
    原 節子, 志田 真紀, 戸谷 洋一郎
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 119-123
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Lipid peroxides, which are mainly hydroperoxides, contained in 1mL of human serum could be determined accurately under ice-cooled condition by potentiometry used with an automatic titrator.
    The average values per 1 mL of sera of 105 healthy males in their twenties were 25.3±14.3 neq for peroxides and 2.32 ± 0.86 nmol for TBA, respectively. TBA values for various sera showed the equivalent of only ca. 20% on the average for peroxide content determined by potent-iometry. However, there was no relationship between potentiometric peroxide levels and colorimetric TBA values due to the large coefficient of variation in detection ratio of peroxides by TBA method, where the ratio was calculated as x mol peroxides for TBA divided by y mol peroxides obtained from the potentiometry, i, e., x/y.
    Also is discussed the influence of the levels of iron compounds or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are the constituents of lipids, present in various sera samples upon the lipid peroxide content, TBA values or detection ratios of peroxides by TBA method.
    Iron compounds in serum were found to have no catalytic effect on the accumulation of lipid peroxides in vivo and TBA measurements since their amounts were so small. The levels of lipid peroxides were independent of PUFA content but the detection ratios of peroxides by TBA method depended on the content in each serum sample.
  • 重政 好弘, 斎本 博之, 博多 宏一, 中島 路可
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 124-125
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    デヒドロアビエチン酸 (DHAA) の二つの新規な生物変換の方法を報告する。第一の方法は, Daucus carotaから誘導した培養細胞を, スクロース, 2, 4-ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸, 及びDHAAを含んだMurashige-Skoog培地で懸濁培養することにより, 16-ヒドロキシデヒドロアビエチン酸を得るものである。第二の方法は, この培養細胞をDHAAを含まない培地で培養した後に, DHAAの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加することにより, 7-オキソデヒドロアビエチン酸を得るものである。
  • 秋久 俊博, 矢野 耕也, 川口 竜二, 横田 孝雄, 田村 利武, 松本 太郎
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 126-129
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    しろだも (Neolitsea sericea, くすのき科) 幹部抽出油の不けん化物に2種の構造未知のトリテルペンアルコールを検出し, それらが (24E) -及び (24Z) -24-エチリデンシクロアルタノールの構造を持つ新化合物であることを明らかにした。
  • 倉田 武夫, 越山 孝雄
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 130-132
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    α-ピネンオキシドについて主題の反応を行った。その結果, シリカゲル上に吸着させたクロム酸 (H2CrO4/SiO2) 触媒を用いたときα-カンホレンアルデヒドが, アルミナ上に吸着させたクロム酸 (H2CrO4/Al2O3) 触媒を用いたときカルボンがそれぞれ高選択性で生成することを見いだした。
  • 乳化剤ポリ (ビニルアルコール) が乳化基質の安定性と変動係数 (C.V.) に与える影響について
    仲 恭寛, 浅田 敏
    1988 年 37 巻 2 号 p. 133-134
    発行日: 1988/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    While assaying lipase with emulsified substrate, an investigation was made of the stability of the substrate and coefficient of variation (C.V.) affected by the lot and mixing ratio of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) using Mucor lipase and Rhizopus lipase.
    The residual activity of lipase (represented as relative activity against the value assayed immediately following substrate preparation) in the use of [PVA 117+PVA 205] was for Mucor lipase, 92.5% and for Rhizopus lipase, 100%. This shows the substrate to be essentially stable. Whereas the residual activity when using PVA 117 to be 67% and 80% respectively. Thus, the substrate is unstable.
    C.V. 96 h after the substrate preparation gave a higher value than that assayed immediately following substrate preparation in both [PVA 117+PVA 205] and PVA 117. C.V. of the former PVA (below 10) was lower than that of the latter PVA (above 10). Furthermore, the effect of PVA on C.V. differed according to the lipase.
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