油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
42 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • 薄木 理一郎
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 885-892
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Govermental agency have published through analytical researches that the total amount of consumption of edible fats and oils in Japan is about 2, 000, 000 t every year, in which 400, 000 t is discharged as the used frying oil. The part of waste oil (180, 000200, 000 t) is collected from food service business and food industry and regenerated for reuse.
    My investigation indicated that most of used frying oil from household finally have been burnt up as garbages after some treatment. For the purpose of the establishment of new recycling system for the collection, regeneration and reuse of used frying oil (about 150, 000 t from household), an adequate volume of used oil with good quality should be secured, other use of collected waste oil should be discovered and the industrial power of oil collection trader and oil regeneration trader shoud be built up.
  • 横地 俊弘, 神坂 泰, 中原 東郎, 鈴木 修
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 893-898
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Moritierella ramanniana IFO 8187 を用いた連続培養における希釈率, 培地組成, C/N比などの各種培養条件が脂質生産性 (PL), 脂質含有量に及ぼす影響を検討した。 PL の最大値は, 供給培地グルコース濃度 100g/L, C/N比23.4において希釈率を 0.15h-1とした培養条件で得られ, その値は1. 08g/L/hであった。この値は, 回分培養 (初期グルコース濃度 200g/L, C/N比34, 培養時間3.5d) におけるPLの最大値の2.9倍であった。連続培養にて高い脂質生産性が得られたのは, 上記の条件下において培養液中のグルコース濃度が20g/Lと低いこと, より低いC/N比及び高い希釈率 (大きい増殖速度) でも脂質含量の低下が比較的小さいことによると考えられた。
  • 段ノ上 幸弘, 松村 秀一
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 899-904
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    生分解性を有する機能性高分子を開発する一手段として, 高度にジカルボキシル化した多糖類を環境中の微生物が資化できる程度に低分子量化した。低分子量化ジカルボキシル化多糖は, 高分子量ジカルボキシル化ペクチン酸、アミロース及びアミロペクチンを熱加水分解することにより得た。得られたジカルボキシル化多糖の生分解性とビルダー性能は分子量に対して逆の傾向を示した。生分解性と機能の両方を満足する最適分子量は1,500~2,000にあることが見いだされた。試験を行った低分子量化ジカルボキシル化多糖の中ではペクチン酸から得られたものがもっとも優れた機能を示した。
  • α-SFMeの生分解経路
    増田 光輝, 小竹 比呂志, 三浦 千明, 伊藤 恵子, 山田 郁, 大場 健吉
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 905-909
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    生分解 (MITI法) 過程におけるC14-α-SFMeの化学構造の変化をIR, NMR及びHPLC分析で追跡し, α-SFMeの生分解経路を検討した。
    その結果つぎのことが示唆された。微生物によるα-SFMeの分解は, アルキル基末端におけるカルボキシル基の形成 (ω-酸化) に始まり, 炭素数が2個ずつはずれるβ-酸化が続き, 一時的に, 分解中間体であるα-スルホコハク酸モノメチルが生成する。この分解中間体は脱硫酸化後さらに分解する。
  • 黒澤 茂, 根本 栄治, 邨次 誠, 加茂 直樹
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 910-914
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2010/01/29
    ジャーナル フリー
    水晶振動子の共振周波数は測定環境の粘度に大きく依存する。本研究では sucrose 水溶液中での水晶振動子の共振周波数をスペクトラムアナライザを用いた共振法により測定した。水晶の直列共振点の変化Δ Fs と溶液粘度η, 密度ρの積の平方根 (ρη) 1/2との間には25.45 [g1/2・cm-3/2 ・cP1/2] (η= 480.6 cP, 20℃ の sucrose濃度で70wt%に相当) まで直線関係が成立した。本共振法は前報に比べて, ΔFsと (ρη) 1/2 の直線範囲が広く, 分析時間が大幅に短縮され, 積算により精度が向上した。
  • 牛尾 典明, Concepcion SOLANS, Nuria AZEMAR, 國枝 博信
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 915-922
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    The formation of reverse vesicles was studied in a water/sucrose monoalkanoate/1-hexanol/ decane system. The reverse vesicles were found to be quite stable. Particle size could be controlled by the extrusion method. Stability was comfirmed by video enhanced microscopy (VEM), and dynamic light scatterring. Stability was also determined as function of 1-hexanol concentration at various concentrations of water (0 %, 1 %, and 3 %) in the system. Water and 1-hexanol were found indispensable to formation and stabilization of the reverse vesicles. Water served to make the bilayers more flexible and 1-hexanol caused the lamellar liquid crystals to disperse as reverse vesicles. With further increase in 1-hexanol concentration, sucrose monoalkanoate dissolved in oil as reverse micelles. Coagulation of the reverse vesicles thus occurred in the presence of reverse micelles in the 1-hexanol-rich region.
  • マウスの移植がんに関する局所投与遊離脂肪酸の抗がん活性
    磯田 好弘, 西沢 幸雄, 山口 茂彦, 平野 二郎, 山本 明彦, 沼田 光弘
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 923-928
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various kinds of free fatty acid were examined on their antitumor activity against ascites tumor cells, Survival days of mice after administrations of free fatty acid were observed. From these data I.L.S. (Increase of life-span) was culcurated and used as a parameter of Antitumor activity. Effective fatty acids against Sarcoma-180 were as follows : Pentadecanoic acid in saturated fatty acid series of carbon number 6 to 24, oleic acid in mono-unsaturated fatty acid series, and α-linolenic and docosahexaenoic acids in poly-unsaturated fatty acid series.
    The most effective fatty acid in our antitumor activity research is (hydroxy phenyl) stearic acid.
    The mechanism on antitumor activity of free fatty acid is not made clear sufficiently but it was suggested that disorder of membrane caused by fatty acids is responsible for their antitumor effect.
  • 阿部 正彦, 大熊 洋一, 權 敬玉, 荻野 圭三, 岡野 知道, 田辺 純子, 福田 正博
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 929-934
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Effects of the fatty acid (m=846) and alcohol (n=818) portions in sodium 2-sulfonatofatty acid higher alcohol esters [α-SF : CmH2 m+1 CH (SO3Na] COOCnH2 n+1) on the bilayers were investigated with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and small angle X-ray scanning machine (SAXS).
    The amount of structural water intercorporated into a coagel phase composed of α-SF molecules was independent of total hydrophobic chain lengths of the surfactants ; viz., 3 or 4 water molecules per unit α-SF molecule.
    Coagel-to-liquid crystalline phase transition (Tc) temperatures of α-SFs increased with an increase in the total hydrophobic chain lengths and/or with a decrease in the difference between two hydrophobic chain lengths. The Tc temperature of α-SFs, in which hydrophobic chain lengths are the same, was closely related to the length in the carbon-bonds of the longer of the two hydrophobic chain lengths (CL).
    SAXS indicated the structure of the bilayer of α-SFs to be interdigital. With an increase in the total hydrophobic chain lengths of α-SFs, the lamellar repeat period of α-SFs increased, while those of α-SFs were independent of the difference in length of two hydrophobic chain lenghs.
  • 杉田 陸海, 牧野 具加, 早田 知恵子, 鈴木 實, 鈴木 明身, 堀 太郎, 三輪 祥代, 仲谷 文貴
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 935-941
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    Gal β 1-Cer (CMS3) and cholinephosphoryl→6 Gal β 1-Cer (PGL) were found as the main neutral and amphoteric glycosphingolipids from the whole tissue of the lugworm, Tylorhynchus heterochaetus. These lipids were purified by successive column chromatography on DEAE- and QAE-Sephadex A-25, Florisil and silicic acid (Iatrobeads), and identified by gas-liquid chromatography, methylation analysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, chromium trioxide oxidation, hydrogen fluoride degradation and positive-ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.
    The ceramide moieties of both glycolipids were virtually the same : fatty acids were saturated C16-, C17- and C18-acids ; sphingoids were octadeca-4-sphingenine and octadeca-4, 8-sphingadienine. The structural similarity of the ceramide moieties suggests PGL biosynthesis from CMS3.
    In addition, their thin-layer chromatographic behaviors and the results of sugar analysis suggest that the structures of at least three minor components of the ceramide mono-, di- and trisaccharide fractions are Glc-Cer, Man-Gal-Cer and Man-Gal-Gal-Cer, respectively.
  • 林 賢治
    1993 年 42 巻 11 号 p. 942-945
    発行日: 1993/11/20
    公開日: 2009/10/16
    ジャーナル フリー
    α-and γ-Linolenic acid-enriched triacylglycerols (TG) were fractionated from vegetable oils by column chromatography on silicic acid. Fractionated TG from vegetable oil were differed according to the degree of unsaturation. Unsaturation indices of fractionated TG increased linearly with the order of elution. More unsaturated TG, contain considerable amounts of α-linolenic acid (22 % for soybean oil, 34 % for rapeseed oil and 80 % for linseed oil) and of γ-linolenic acid (27 % for evening primrose oil), were obtained from vegetable oil in satisfactory yields (11, 9, 33 and 11 %, respectively).
feedback
Top