油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
15 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
  • 小森 三郎
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 2-6
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 浦上 智子, 広沢 典子, 森川 尚子
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 7-12
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    Since some of the phosphate esters derived by hydrolysis of Phosphatides have been found to show antioxidant activities in the dry unsaturated fatty acid esters, the authors examined whether they as well as some trialkyl esters of phosphoric acid show the activities in the water-unsaturated fatty acid ester system. Two techniques were employed : (1) Analytical grade filter paper was used for even distribution of the reactants, and increase in peroxide value (expressed as m mole of oxygen/100g substrate) with time was determined for examination of effects on pH. (2) The Warburg apparatus was employed for examination of optimum concentrations (in a range from 0.01 to 0.1%) for the phosphate esters at pH 7.8.
    In the case of 0.0006mM solution all the esters examined showed prooxidant activities instead of antioxidant at pH 4.0. On the other hand, at pH 5.5, glycerylphosphorylserine showed the strongest activity, followed by phosphorylcholine (PC). Glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) showed the activity comparable to that of glycerylphosphoric acid (GP), which is generally active in various fatty acid esters, whereas phosphorylethanolamine (PE) and glycerylphosphorylethanolamine (GPE) exhibited no antioxidant activity. At pH 0.6 the GPC was found to be strongly active among others such as PE, PC and β-GP. Contrary to the findings in the dry fatty acid ester system (unpublished work), the trimethyl and triethyl phosphates showed an antioxidant activity at pH 5.5, while tributyl phosphate was less strongly active. These results as well as those obtained in the alkaline pH probably indicate that the P=O and P-O- groups in the phosphates are also related to the antioxidant activity in addition to the P-OH groups as was formerly suggested.
    The following percentages may be taken as possible optimum concentrations in the water-methyl linoleate system; PG 0.03% or less in fresh or somewhat oxidized substrate, PE 0.03-0.04% in fresh, PC 0.03% in fresh, PGE 0.04% in fresh, and GPC 0.03-0.05% in either fresh or somewhat oxidized substrate.
  • 池田 功, 服部 祥三, 小森 三郎
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 12-16
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various catalysts composed of Fe, Al, Cu, Ni and Co were tested for hydrogenolysis of fatty acid ester to prepare saturated higher alcohol.
    It was found that Fe-Cu-O and Fe-Cu-Al-O catalysts have excellent ability for this reaction.
    From the view of the lower cost of the catalyst, the lower reaction temperature and of the higher yield of alcohol, these catalysts containing 1020% of copper oxide are believed as better ones than Cu-Cr-O catalysts being customarily used for hydrogenolysis of coconut oil in the industrial process.
  • シクロヘキサン溶媒中におけるジオクタノイルペルオキシドと四臭化炭素の反応
    浅原 照三, 雑賀 大弐, 星 勲
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 17-20
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    The reaction of dioctanoyl peroxide with carbontetrabromide in cyclohexane was studied.
    In this reaction, dioctanoyl peroxide behaved as the initiator of the radical reaction of cyclohexane with carbontetrabromide, and cyclohexyl bromide was produced according to the radical chain mechanism. The yield of cyclohexyl bomide was 85.8% at optimum condition (dioctanoyl peroxide/carbontetrabromide 1/1mol; concentrations of dioctanoyl peroxide and carbontetrabromide in cyclohexane 1mol%, respectively; reaction temperature 70°C; reaction time 24hr). By-products of this reaction were 1-heptyl bromide, tetradecane, caprylic acid, bromoform and dibromomethane, etc.
  • 中性およびアルカリ性水溶液における合成繊維への界面活性剤の吸着性とζポテンシャル
    須沢 利郎, 湯沢 元康
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 20-26
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    The ζ-potential of synthetic fibers, polyacrylonitrile (Cashimilon), polyester (Tetoron), polypropylene (Pylen), polyvinylalcohol (Vinylon) and polyamide (Nylon 6), was measured in surface active went (anionic agents SDS and cationic agent DPB) solutions at neutrality and at alkalinity. The charge density and the amount of surface active agents adsorbed per unit area of the fiber surface were calculated from the ζ-potential of the fibers.
    From the effect of the concentration of surface active agent on the ζ-potential, it is suggested that the adsorption of anionic agent SDS on these fibers takes place mainly by the van der Waals' force, but the adsorption of cationic agent DPB on these fibers takes place mainly by the electrostatic attractive force.
    The amount of surface active agent adsorbed per unit area of the fiber surface increased with the increase of the concentration of those agents, and the greater the increase was, the more hydrophobic the fiber in the order of polyvinylalcohol, polyaerylonitrile, polyamide, polyester and polypropylene.
    Also the amount of SDS adsorbed per unit area of the fiber surface in aqueous neutral solution was greater than that in aqueous alkali solution, but the amount of DPB adsorbed per unit area of the fiber surface in aqueous alkali solution was greater than that in aqueous neutral solution.
  • 武藤 信也, 近藤 保, 永山 升三
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 26-29
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    A homologous series of fluorescent surface-active compounds were synthesized. The methods of syntheses were as follows; A series of n-alkylamines of C4C16 alkylchain, even in the carbon number, was reacted with methyl-acrylate, and the product was hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide.
    The compound obtained was then reacted with p-phenylphenacylbromide in ethanolic acetate buffer solution to give C4H9NHCH2CH2COOCH2COC6H4C6H5 to C16H33NHCH2CH2COOCH2COC6H4-C6H5, all of which were purified by repeated recrystallisation from ethanol.
    The products were obtained in a form of yellowish flakes which were identified by IR and UV absorption spectra. The lowering of the surface tension in dilute acid solution was not appreciable for the lower members, while the higher members had strong foaming ability and showed remarkable lowering of the surface tension. All members showed fluorescence.
  • オニオコゼ・コチ・マガレイおよびウマズラ油について
    浜田 茂, 上野 誠一
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 30-32
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    The oils were obtained from the above mentioned fish by the ether extraction.
    The properties of the oils (Table-2), unsaponifiable matters (Table-3) and the components of the fatty acids (Table-5) were examined.
    The yields of the Bass and Cantherines liver oils were more than the body oils.
    Iodine value of the above mentioned oils was, in general, 160170. From the result of the gas-chromatography of the methyl esters of the fatty acids obtained from those oils, there were not distinct differences on the compositions between the body oils and the internal organ oils.
    The fatty acids composed mainly of C14-C20 saturated and C14-C20 unsaturated acids.
    The unsaponifiable, recrystallized by 90% ethanol, had mp 140-145°C, I.V. 150-180, and it was colorless crystal.
  • 洗剤部会
    1966 年 15 巻 1 号 p. 33-34
    発行日: 1966/01/20
    公開日: 2009/10/20
    ジャーナル フリー
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