巻号一覧
前身誌
33 巻, 3 号
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萩原 史巨1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 127-132
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2897K) -
杉山 友男, 中 昭廣1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 133-137
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリー石炭と重油の混合燃料 (COM) は, 液体燃料に類似した取り扱いができ, かつ, 石油を約1/2節減できるため, 石油代替燃料としての価値が高い。そこで, 本報告では, 石炭とC重油を同時にボールミルに入れて粉砕する湿式粉砕法により製造したCOMを用いて, 各種添加剤の安定化効果を検討した。添加剤を用いないCOMは, 石炭の種類, すなわち, れき青炭, 亜れき青炭, 褐炭のいかんをとわずすべて不安定であり, 70℃ 1週間静置するだけで, 石炭が沈降凝結して流動性を失なった。そこで, COMの代表例として, れき青炭であるオーストラリア産のミラー炭と中東C重油との組み合わせCOMをとり上げ, これに各種非イオン界面活性剤を混合して, その安定化効果を評価した。その結果, ソルビトールを出発物質にしたプロピレンオキシドとエチレンオキシドの付加共重合体, あるいはこの共重合体のトリレンジイソシアナート橋かけ物からなる多鎖型高分子量非イオン界面活性剤が優れたCOM安定化性能を発揮することを見いだした。また, 一般的な低分子量の非イオン界面活性剤や直鎖型の非イオン界面活性剤はその効果がわるいことがわかった。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (833K) -
杉山 友男, 中 昭廣1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 138-143
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリー前報までにアルコールベース多鎖型高分子量非イオン界面活性剤が, COMの安定化薬剤として優れた効果があることを報告した。本報では, アミンベースの多鎖型高分子量非イオン界面活性剤を合成し, 通常のアミンベースの低分子量非イオン界面活性剤と対比させながら, COM安定化性能を評価した。その結果, ポリエチレンポリアミンをベースにし, これにプロピレンオキシドとエチレンオキシドをブロック共重合させた多鎖型高分子量非イオン界面活性剤は, COMを70℃で1か月間静置安定化できることがわかった。また, アミンベースの通常の低分子量非イオン界面活性剤は, COM安定化効果が著しく劣ることがわかった。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1136K) -
脂肪酸組成の補正深津 誠, 田村 利武1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 144-147
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーIn our previous study on the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of thirty diacid triglycerides (triglycerides containing two different acyl groups in the molecule), we showed the ratio of intensities for two fragment ions possessing either of two constitutive acyl moieties of the triglycerides. Calculation of this ratio was carried out on four kinds of specific fragment ions i.e., RCO+, [RCO+74] +, [RCO+115] +, and [RCO+128] +. In this paper, we described the application of these ratios to the correction of fatty acid composition.
Such a correction was found to make specific fragment ions of greater use in determining fatty acid composition. In particular, the correction of the fragment ion RCO+ was most effective, for this purpose. The correction of fragments ion [RCO+115] + and [RCO+128] + was less so since they were influenced to a greater degree by complex obstructive fragment ions. The reproducibity of results for the fragment ion [RCO+74] + was not completely sufficient owing to the weakness of the ion intensity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (636K) -
グリセリン=ポリオキシエチレン=エーテルによる安定化について村上 幸子, 船田 正, 石田 〓朗1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 148-150
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーGlycerol poly (oxyethylene) ether (GPEE) was found to effectively stabilize Candida cylindracea lipase in an aqueous solution (100U/ml) at 50°C. That is, this lipase became thermally stable in the presence of GPEE. Polyoxyethyleneglycol (PEG) and polypropyleneglycol (PPG) were also tested as stabilizing agents of this lipase in an aqueous solution and found to be effective.
The relationship between the amount of additives in the lipase solution and their stabilizing extent was complicated. GPEE stabilized the lipase in proportion to its concentration and PEG brought about maximum stabilization at a concentration of 2.5mmol/20ml of solution. But stabilization became progressively less with increasing amount of PEG.
Consequently, each additive is considered to have indivisual mechanism for imparting stability to a lipase solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (507K) -
吉村 長蔵, 丸石 功, 藤野 隆由, 呂 恵仙1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 151-155
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of the addition of surface active agents was studied for the direct flame atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of metals such as cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, and nickel in waste water containing fatty oil.
Absorbances of the elements were increased by the addition of oleyl-12, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, Tween-20, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and Brij-35 for emulsifying fatty oil in aqueous solution. The enhancing of absorbance was independent of the type of surface active agents used, but was dependent on the stability of emulsion.
It was found that the effective amount of surface active agents was about 0.21.0% region for a sample solution containing less than 10% of fatty oil, but in the case of large content of fatty oil (More than 20%), this method is carried out after diluted with water to a suitable concentration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (837K) -
油の可溶化量を増加させるための多価アルコールの利用鷺谷 広道, 池田 由美, 大郷 保治1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 156-161
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーThe possibility of using polyols as cosurfactants to increase oil solubilization in nonionic surfactant aqueous solutions was investigated. Diols were found to decrease the solubilization of liquid paraffin, but increase that of benzyl acetate, a perfume having a benzene ring. The effects of glycerol, D-sorbitol, and poly (ethylene glycerol), however, were found to be opposite to those shown by diols.
Measurement of cloud point, critical micellization concentration (cmc), and interlayer spacing of the lamellar liquid crystalline phase suggested that, while diols form mixed micelles with nonionic surfactants and make the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) inclined to be more hydrophilic, glycerol, D-sorbitol, and poly (ethylene glycol) decrease the affinity between nonionic surfactants and water and caused HLB to take on a more hydrophobic nature. The cmc of docecyl hexa (oxyethylene) ether increased by the addition of diols and poly (ethylene glycol), but decreased on adding D-sorbitol. Glycerol had no significant effect on cmc.
The primary soluble position of polyols in micellar aqueous solutions was suggested; i.e. diols dissolve between hydrophilic and lipophilic groups of surfactants, poly (ethylene glycol) in the oxyethylene chain part of micelles, glycerol and D-sorbitol in the water phase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1157K) -
合同実験結果について河田 司, 加藤 千潯, 鈴木 一昭, 兼松 弘, 阿部島 祀于, 鹿間 達雄, 加固 正敏, 平田 芳明, 森 弘之, 坂田 正史1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 162-165
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーTo establish a standard method for determing solid fat content, the NMR method was tested at six laboratories and the results were examined for collaboration.
Two types of instruments, pulse NMR and wide-line NMR were used.
Standard deviation in results at six laboratories was less than 1.5 for the step wise method, but more than 1.5 for the rapid method. The standard deviation in results at a single laboratory was much less than either of these cases.
No significant difference could be observed in the values obtained using both instruments.
Solid fat content values measured for a mixture of fully hydrogenated rapeseed and rapeseed oil agreed well with the percentage of solid by weight.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (722K) -
鈴木 清次, 塚本 修二, 山下 太郎, 町田 芳章, 山川 幸夫, 北村 啓三, 山下 道大1984 年 33 巻 3 号 p. 166-168
発行日: 1984/03/20
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーTo establish a method for the detection of sesame oil, three color reactions, Villavecchia, Baudouim and Soltsien method, responsible for the coloration of sesamol were collaboratively examined.
These three reactions have long been used as methods for the detection of sesame oil, but the sensitivity and color stability of each of these reactions are studied for the first time in the present research.
The Villavecchia method, using hydrochloric acid and furfural as color reagents, was found to be the best among three methods with respect to the sensitivity and stability of coloration.The detection limits for refined and unrefined sesame oil were 1% and 0.5% respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (475K)
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