油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
30 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1~10を表示しています
  • その吸収機構を中心に
    菅野 道廣
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 67-73
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 中津川研一 , 金田尚志
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 74-77
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    うさぎを用い, リノール酸メチルヒドロペルオキシド (MLHPs) の小腸における吸収を検討した。700mgのMLHPs投与後, 胸管から, 30minごとのフラクションに分け2.5hにわたりリンパ液を採取した。集めたリンパ液から脂質を抽出し, 高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析した。
    その結果, 投与したMLHPsのうち0.23%が未変化のままリンパ液中に存在することがわかった。このことより, 脂質過酸化物のうちのいくらかは未変化のまま小腸壁より吸収されリンパ液に移り, 体内の各組織に運ばれることが明らかになった。
  • 越沼 征勝
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 78-84
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    トリチウム標識したパルミチン酸単分子膜の界面活性剤溶液中への溶解速度と溶解過程をラジオトレーサー法によって研究した。表面に存在している単分子膜の表面濃度の対数と経過時間の平方根のプロットは直線関係を示した。テトラデシル硫酸ナトリウム (STS) のcmc以下の濃度では速度定数は非常に小さく, ほぼ零であった。STSミセル中へのパルミチン酸の可溶化 (量) が増加するために, cmcで速度定数は急激に増加し, 4.0×10-3mol/dm3以上の濃度では直線的に増加しつづけた。その溶解機構はSaragaの式を次の様に改良した式によって説明した。すなわち, cmc以上でミセルによって膜物質が運ばれることを考慮した。溶解速度と, 単分子膜とミセルとの間のパルミチン酸の平衡分配とからミセルの拡散係数を計算した。
  • 幾何異性化反応速度式について
    窪田 安彦
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 85-88
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Iodine-methyl oleate-heptane solutions were heated in sealed tubes at 140°C.
    It was found that experimental data satisfy the following rate equation :
    -d [C] /dt=kcis [C] -ktrans [T] /√1+Kcis [C] +Ktrans [T] kcis= (const) × [I2] 1/2, ktrans= (const) '× [I2] 1/2
    where [C] and [T] are the concentrations of cis and trans isomers, respectively. Kcis and Ktrans denote the iodine molecule-corresponding isomer charge transfer equilibrium constants.
  • ポリオキシエチレン型第四級アンモニウム塩の構造解析
    野口 秀雄, 繁 猛, 永井 敏雄
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 89-95
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Structural analysis was studied for nonaromatic poly (oxyethylene) quaternary ammonium compounds.
    It became possible to discriminate between mono and dialkyl types of these compounds by TLC with solvent systems consisting of hexane-chloroform-methanol-sodium perchlorate (10 : 10 : 10 : 0.05).
    On the other hand, these compounds were converted to tertiary amines by hydroiodic acid cleavage and successive Hofmann degradation, and the amines were analyzed by GC with 10% apiezon grease L containing potassium hydroxide packed in a 0.25m column.
    These amines were identified by IR, NMR, and MS spectra, and the relationships between original compounds and the types of these amines were clearified.
    These two methods were used to structural analysis of these compounds in household detergents or toiletaries that were separated by ion exchanger.
  • 芹田 元, 大谷 規隆, 木村 誓
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 96-100
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Quaternary ammonium salts of poly [2- (N, N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (cationic polymer) were prepared by the reaction of poly [2- (N, N- dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PAEM) with various alkyl bromides with a view of obtaining good flocculants. The flocculating ability for aqueous suspensions of kaolin was investigated with respect to the structure of quaternary ammonium salt polymers by measuring the sedimentation velocity, sedimentation volume, and residual turbidity.
    The results obtained are as follows.
    1) The sedimentation velocity of cationic polymer (QPC2X) prepared from PAEM and ethyl bromide was independent of the degree of quaternization and maximum sedimentation velocity showed 3.03.2 cm/min. Of other cationic polymers (QPC6X, QPC12X, QPC18X) obtained from PAEM and higher alkyl bromides (hexyl bromide, dodecyl bromide, and stearyl bromide), cationic polymers of the lower degree of quaternization displayed the larger rate of sedimentation and the maximum rate of sedimentation showed 2.33.2 cm/min at the optimum dosage of 610 ppm. 2) The bulky precipitation was obtained with cationic polymer of the medium degree of quaternization (5070%). 3) The clearest supernatant gave 2550 ppm turbidity at the dosage of 810 ppm. 4) Cationic polymers were most effective for flocculation with the increase of acidity. 5) The sedimentation velocity decreased rapidly at the concentration of 2.55.0% of kaolin suspension. 6) Cationic polymers derived from PAEM and various alkyl bromides were more effective with the commercial flocculants such as Sumifloc-FC, Himoloc-Neo 600, and PAS-A.
  • その1 バンドルテスト
    荻野 圭三, 林 雅子, 吉永 フミ, 西出 伸子, 多田 千代, 角田 光雄, 矢部 章彦
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 101-108
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Phosphate which has been formulated in synthetic detergents for many years, is now often considered to accerelate eutrofication. In this connection, an intensive search is being made by the detergent industries for phosphate substitutes.
    Japan Oil Chemists' Society has been entrusted in regard to the method of reducing phosphates in detergents by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry.
    In order to obtain more reliable soil removal data, it was decided to incorporate bundle testing into our detergency evaluation scheme.
    Bundle testing, compaing four laundry detergents, A : (STPP 10% as P2O5), B : (STPP 5% as P2O5), C : (STPP 0 % as P2O5), D : (STPP 5 % as P2O5, Zeolite 8.5%), and using naturally soiled family items such as dress shirts, shirts, socks etc., under controlled conditions, has been performed.
    For over ten months, 14 oil and surface chemists, 40 research assistants and 48 families (192 panelers) were engaged in this project.
    In our laborious experience, it was concluded that phosphate has proved useful and detergency lowered with decreasing phosphate in detergents, while certain amount of sodium almino silicate “Zeolite” may be used as a substitute to reduce the total amount of phosphate.
  • 横尾 泰日児, 松浦 淳, 佐分利 正彦, 吉川 貞雄
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 109-115
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Some aldehydes are widely used as an artificial perfume. However, little has been known on the optically active aldehydes. In order to obtaine the optically active aldehydes, enamines were synthesized from racemic aldehydes and optically active amines which were derived from natural amino acids. The optically active aldehydes were recovered from the hydrolysis of the enamines under various conditions. The aldehydes employed were 3-p-cumenyl-2-methylpropionaldehyde (CPA) and 2-methyl-3-phenylpropionaldehyde (MPA), which had similar structure to CPA. CPA is employed as an artificial perfume (Cyclamenaldehyde). The acids employed for the hydrolysis were hydrochloric acid or cation exchange resin.
    When the amine components of the enamines were (S) -3-isopropylmorpholine (1a) and (S) -3-isobutylmorpholine (1b), (+) -aldehyde was recovered. However, in the case where (S) -3-benzylmorpholine (5) was employed, (-) -aldehyde was recovered.
    In order to evaluate the optical purity of recovered aldehydes, the aldehydes were converted to corresponding alcohols, the optical rotation of which were compared with those values for the optically pure alcohol synthesized from the corresponding optically pure acid. The specific rotations of the optically pure MPA and CPA were determined as follows ;
    [(S) -MPA [α] 25435=+9.10° (c=6.21 in benzene)]
    [(S) -CPA [α] 25435=+13.9° (c=6.87 in benzene)]
    The odor of (+) -CPA was compared with that of (-) -CPA, and there was clear difference between the odors of (+) -and (-) -CPA.
  • 田辺 恵三, 山岡 正和, 加藤 秋男
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 116-118
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    米ぬか油中にα-及びγ-トコトリエノールが存在することを高速液体クロマトグラフィーによって認め, これらのトコトリエノールを高速液体クロマトグラフィー及び薄層クロマトグラフィーによって分取し, 質量分析を行って確認した。また米ぬか油中のトコトリエノール含量をけい光検出器を用いた高速液体クロマトグラフィーによって定量した。
  • 平田 博文, 中里 敏, 島田 徹
    1981 年 30 巻 2 号 p. 119-121
    発行日: 1981/02/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    DL-erythro-C14-ジヒドロスフィンゴシン [DL-erythro- (1)] と酢酸からN-アセチル-DL-erythro-C14-ジヒドロスフィンゴシンン [DL-erythro- (3)] を生ずる酸化還元縮合反応をトリフェニルホスフィンと2, 2'-ジピリジル=ジスルフィド存在下14種の溶媒中で検討した。プロトン溶媒を除いて種々の溶媒がこの縮合反応に適用できることがわかった。更に, 2-アミノ-1, 3-テトラデカンジオール (1) からのDL-erythro- (1) の分離についても検討した。
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