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30 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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山田 仁穂, 小出 善文1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 2-9
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1253K) -
寺尾 純二, 広田 佳卓, 松下 雪郎1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 10-14
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーリノレン酸メチルの自動酸化で生成するモノヒドロペルオキシド(MHP)及び二次酸化生成物(SP)をおのおの高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより4つの主要な成分に分離した。これら成分の異性体組成はマスクロマトグラフィーにより決定した。すべての成分はTBAに陽性であった。MHPのTBA反応性は鉄(II)イオンの存在下で,異性体組成により相違はみられなかった。したがって,自動酸化リノレン酸に存在するすべてのヒドロペルオキシド異性体はTBA反応性物質を生ずると結論した。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (659K) -
青木 幸一郎, 前沢 重礼, 伊藤 融, 平松 宏一1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 15-20
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリー牛血清アルブミン (BSA) の溶液がpH9, 65℃で加熱されると, 新成分 (1'), (2), (3), ……が生成される。ここで成分 (1') は変形されたモノマー, (2) は二量体 (3) はおそらく三量体である。成分 (1') は分子内のSH-S-S交換反応で生成され, 成分 (2), (3) は分子間のSH-S-S交換反応で生成される。もし適当量のアニオン界面活性剤をBSA溶液に加えておくと, 加熱しても成分 (1') の生成, すなわち分子内交換反応, が阻止される。ずっと以前から脂肪酸アニオンはBSAの変性を防ぐことが知られていた。今回, この原因はアニオン界面活性剤が成分 (1') の生成を阻止することにあることがわかった。
種々の界面活性剤が成分 (1') の生成を阻止できる最小量を決定した。モル混合比界面活性剤/BSAで表された最小必要量は : 硫酸テトラデシルナトリウムとパルミチン酸ナトリウムに対し5, 硫酸トリデシルナトリウムとラウリン酸ナトリウムに対し6, 硫酸ドデシルナトリウムと硫酸ウンデシルナトリウムに対して7, 硫酸デシルナトリウムに対し10, 硫酸ノニルナトリウムに対し約40, N-ラウロイル-L-グルタミン酸モノナトリウム (LS-11) に対し28であった。これらの値はこれらの界面活性剤のBSAに対する相対的親和力の便宜的な尺度である。そしてLS-11の親和力が硫酸デシルナトリウムと硫酸ノニルナトリウムの間にあることがわかった。今回のこの方法は, どのようなアニオン界面活性剤に対しても, BSAに対する相対的親和力を決めるために用いることができる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (998K) -
野田 万次郎, 善積 みちる1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 21-25
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーStearic-9, 10-d2, stearic-9, 9, 10, 10-d4, oleic-9, 10-d2, decanoic-3, 3-d2, lauric-3, 3-d2, myristic-3, 3-d2, palmitic-3, 3-d2, and stearic-3, 3-d2 acids were synthesized, and 1H NMR spectra of the methyl esters of these deuterated acids were measured. The signals due to the protons which were substituted by deuterons disappeared on the 1H NMR spectra of the deuterated acid methyl esters. Estimation of the deuterium-labeled acid content in unlabeled acids was possible by measuring the relative decrease in the integrated areas of the signals for the corresponding methylene or olefinic protons which were replaced with deuterons in the deuterated acids. The shift reagents, Eu (fod) 3 and Pr (fod) 3, were effective for the NMR determination of deuterium-labeled fatty acids. Oleic-9, 10-d2 acid and saturated 3, 3-dideutero acids seem to be useful as nonradioactive tracers in the NMR analysis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (702K) -
荻野 圭三, 阿部 正彦, 高橋 肇1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 26-30
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーThe interaction in an oil-water system between an anionic surfactant and oily materials has been studied by the observation with a polarizing microscope and by the measurement of the interfacial tension at oil/water interface. When dodecane, a non-polar oily material, was gently in contact with SDS solution, no change occurred at the interface. On the other hand, in the case of 1-dodecanol, a polar oily material, spontaneous emulsification occurred in the water phase or liquid crystal formed at the oil/water interface. These were affected by the concentration of SDS in water. In the case of oleic acid, a polar oily material, spontaneous emulsification occurred in the water and/or oil phases, and the liquid crystal formed only at high concentration of SDS in water. The interfacial tension was 3.3 dyn/cm when the liquid crystal formed at the 1-dodecanol/water interface, and that in case of oleic acid was 1.1 dyn/cm. Further, in the case of 1-dodecanol, the composition of the liquid crystal formed at the interface was the same as that of the liquid crystal region in a phase diagram of the ternary system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (985K) -
マロン酸型エーテルカルボン酸のビルダー効果について阿部 芳郎, 松村 秀一, 三浦 健司, 酒井 要1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 31-37
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2010/02/19
ジャーナル フリーSome of the malonate-type ether polycarboxylates including trisodium 2-oxa-1, 1, 3-propanetricarboxylate (CMT) and trisodium 2-oxa-1, 3, 4-butane-tricarboxylate (CMOS) were prepared from the corresponding alcohols and ethyl diazomalonate, then their building performances were compared with those of the acetate-type ether polycarboxylates, sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and disodium 3-oxapentanedioate (ODA).
The detergency building action of the aqueous solutions of binary systems consisting of those ether polycarboxylate builders were also discussed. The detergency were tested on naturally soiled cotton patches and the detergency powers were evaluated by Scheff e's method in a detergent system formulating sodium alkylbenzenesulf ovate (LAS).
From the results summarized in Fig.-1, it was evident that malonate-type ether polycarboxylates showed the building performances much superior to those of the corresponding acetate-type ether polycarboxylates. Above all malonate-type ether carboxylate with methyl group on the carbon neighboring dicarboxymethoxyl group, i.e., tetrasodium 3-methyl-2, 5-dioxa-1, 1, 6, 6-hexane tetracarboxylate (MEGDM) showed a building performance superior to that of STPP. From Fig.-2, it was found that some mixtures of these acids exhibited synergistic effects on their building performances.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1124K) -
鷺谷 広道, 竹ノ内 正紀1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 38-43
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーAs emulsion is non-equilibrium state, the technique of emulsification greatly affects the droplet size and its distribution of emulsion. When it is tried to form stable O/W emulsion by nonionic surfactants, the agent-in-oil method dissolving the surfactants in the oil phase is generally adopted.
In this paper, the reasons, which this method is desirable for forming homogeneous O/W emulsion, were investigated from the soluble state of surfactants-water-oil system.
As the results, it was shown that homogeneous O/W emulsions were formed under the conditions appearing oil-continuous phase-liquid crystalline phase-white gel emulsion-O/W emulsion in the process of emulsification. And it was indicated the possibility to decrease the difference of quality due to manufacturers by utilizing this emulsification method.
The structures of the liquid crystal and the gel which exsist in the process of emulsification were determined by X-ray low angle diff ractometer and electron microscope. And the mechanism forming a homogeneous O/W emulsion was elucidated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1245K) -
有機カルボン酸塩ならびにその誘導体の助剤効果佐藤 昌子, 田中 順子, 皆川 基1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 44-50
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーBuilder effects of hydroxy carboxylates, amino acids and N-acylamino acid were studied and compared with those of sodium tripolyphosphate (STP). Chelating capacities of the builders for individual and binery systems as a function of pH were examined using calcium ion selective electrode at 30°C. On the other hand, builder effects of the compounds on detergency with 0.05% anionic surfactant [sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate (DBS) or α-olefinsulfonate (AOS)] were tested for cotton and polyester fabrics soiled with dust, in 100 ppm hard water at pH 9.5, 30°C.
It was demonstrated that chelating capacity (mg CaCO3 / g) and detergency of STP were superior than the others, but hydroxy carboxylates were more effective on detergency performance at fairly high concentration than STP at ordinary level, and also more effective consisting with DBS than AOS. Moreover, it was found that AOS was an excellent surfactant for low phosphate detergent formulations because of its high performance in hard water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (873K) -
田中 多美穂1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 51-55
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーA gas chromatography, using water-vapor as a carrier gas, was investigated for the determination of water-soluble solvents in liquid detergents.
These solvents were separated and determined on porous polymer beads columns, Porapak Q or Tenax GC, and quantitatively recovered from standard detergent in the range of useful formulation.
The recoveries of these solvents were as follows ;
Methyl alcohol : 102.3% Butyl carbitol : 103.3%
Ethyl alcohol : 101.7% Monoethanolamine : 101.3%
Isopropyl alcohol : 100.2% Diethanolamine : 100.9%
Propylene glycol : 100.6% Triethanolamine : 102.4%
Butyl cellosolve : 98.3%
These results were obtained with good accuracy.
This method is applicable to a rapid determination of water-soluble solvent in liquid detergent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (654K) -
高砂子 昌久, 高岡 京1981 年 30 巻 1 号 p. 56-59
発行日: 1981/01/20
公開日: 2009/11/10
ジャーナル フリーThe amounts of water dissolved in safflower oil were measured by GLC, which was connected a sample-heater.
The peak area of gas chromatogram increased in proportion to the amount of water in the range of 1.2 to 9.8g.
This method is better than the Karl Fischer method on these points of the reduction of measuring time and the precision.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (697K)
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