油化学
Online ISSN : 1884-2003
ISSN-L : 0513-398X
31 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1~11を表示しています
  • 岡崎 三代
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 973-980
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 辻井 薫
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 981-987
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 青木 幸一郎, 恩田 鋼二, 奥村 修司, 村田 護, 平松 宏一
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 988-992
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    熱処理された牛血清アルブミン (BSA) と染料の相互作用は以前は, 熱処理されたBSA溶液そのものを用いて研究された。熱処理されたBSAは数種の成分から成ることが知られているので, 熱処理されたBSA溶液から単離された個々の成分と染料との相互作用を研究する必要がある。生のBSA単量体, 成分 (1'), 成分 (2) を用い, これらのおのおのとオレンジIIの系につき分光光度法による測定をpH7.0, 25℃で行った。成分 (1') と (2) は, pH9, 65℃で60min熱処理されたBSA溶液から単離された。分光光度計によるデータを寺田-三宅の方法 [Kolloid Z.Z. Polym., 251,139 (1973)] で解析し, 結合パラメーターを決めた。生のBSA単量体に対し, n (染料に対するタンパク質の結合サイトの数) =6.4であり, K (結合系の平衡定数) =0.92×105M-1であった。成分 (1'), (2) に対しては, BSA単量体の場合とは異なるnとKの値が得られた。
  • n-パラフィンを炭素源とした培養条件によるMortierella isabellina (2菌株) の脂質組成の変化
    横地 俊弘, 鈴木 修
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 993-1003
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The influence of cultural conditions, especially C/N ratio of medium, growth temperature, nitrogen source and chain length of hydrocarbons on the amounts of lipids formed from n-paraffin in the my-celium of two strains (IFO 7824 and 7884) of Mortierella isabellina which were found to accumulate large amount of lipids in the mycelium incubated by using glucose as a carbon source was investigated.The mycelium of the strains were observed to be grown well when cultured by using decane as a carbon source. The maximum accumulation of lipids, 0.375g/400 ml medium, containing 5.0ml (3.64 g) of decane at C/N ratio of 24.1 by using NH4NO3 as a nitrogen source when grown at 30°C. In this case, the lipid coefficient which total intracellular lipid weight produced/100 g of decane was obtained 10.3.The fatty acids compositions of neutral and polar lipid fractions fractionated from lipid extracts by silicic acid column chromatography and the lipid compositions of both fractions were determined. The influence of the cultural conditions on these compositions was also investigated.
  • 過酸化物の検出限界について
    原 節子, 鷲巣 治, 戸谷 洋一郎
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1004-1008
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    For determination of low peroxide values (POV) of lipids, the JOCS method was modified by the employment of a potentiometer instead of starch as an indicator.
    This method required only 0.02 g of lipids to determine POV when POV is higher than 1 meq/kg, and 0.1 g of lipids when that is lower than 1 meq/kg. As it was found that chloroform could be replaced by the Folch solvent (Chloroform : Methanol = 2 : 1) in the determination, the amount of per-oxides of lipids occuring in biological samples was measured with the latter solvent, so that there was no need of solvent removal after extraction.
    As compared with the thiobarbituric acid test which reads the quantity of malonaldehyde, one of the decomposed products of peroxides, an advantage of the present method is that a small amount of peroxides which are the first products at the initial stage of oxidation of lipids can be determined directly, while the amount of malonaldehyde is less than that of the peroxides at the stage and not always proportional to the degree of oxidation of mother lipids.
  • 荻野 圭三, 山内 仁史, 柴山 俊朗
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1009-1013
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The interfacial properties of some amino acids in their aqueous solutions were studied in terms of surface and interfacial tension of the solutions. Dodecane was used as a non-polar oil phase and oleic acid as a polar oil phase at the oil/water interface. Surface and interfacial tension decreased with increas-ing concentration of amino acids. Increasing hydrophobicity of amino acid side chain (Δft) tends to decrease surface and interfacial tension in the same concentration of amino acids. The Δft is an average of differences of standard free energy change on the basis of glycine when amino acid is transfered from organic solvent to water. This is considered that hydrophobic amino acids are difficult to exist in the bulk, because water molecules in the neighborhoods of amino acid side chains form ice-berg structure.Basic amino acids and oleic acid formed salt at the interface and the character of its salt was similar to that of lyotropic mesomorphism. Interfacial tension decreased considerably at dodecane containing oleic acid/basic amino acid solution interface.
  • 阿部 芳郎, 松村 秀一, 松田 孝一
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1014-1020
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Aseries ofβ-glycols such as 1, 3-alkanediols (C8C18), erythro-and threo-2, 4-alkanediols (C3C16), and erythro-and threo-3, 5-, 4, 6-, .5, 7-dodecanediols were prepared and their antifoaming pro-perties for the aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a foaming agent were evaluated by the Ross-Miles foam tester (JIS K 3362) and the dynamic foam meter (JIS K 2518).
    The results of these experiments were shown in Fig.-1Fig.-15. It was found that the aatifoam-ing properties of the β-glycols were dependent upon their molecular weights, the position and the rotational arrangements of two hydroxyl groups in the molecules.
    (1) The antifoaming Powers of the β-glycols increased in the order C17=C16>C18=C15=C14>C13>C12>C11=C10=C9=C8.
    (2) The antifoaming powers of dodecanediols were greater when two hydroxyl groups were located near the center of an alkyl chain (Fig.-18).
    (3) Threo isomers showed better antifoaming Properties than those of erythro isomers (Fig.-17 and Fig.-18).
  • 丸山 一茂, 米勢 千鶴男
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1021-1026
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Investigations on the direct esterification of oleic acid and equimolecular or a large excess of glycerol were carried out under the conditions of reaction temperatures at 125280°C, for 36h in the absence of a catalyst. Reaction products were determined by the TLS.
    1) The optimum preparative conditions for maximum monooleoylglycerol were given and under these, quantitative results of the product were obtained as follows : Molar ratio of oleic acid and glycerol, 1 : 5, Reaction temperature and time, 250°C, 3h, Weight ratio of component, monooleoylglycerol (MO) 78% (1-MO 52%, 2-MO 26%), dioleoylglycerol (DO) 21% (1, 3-DO 1.3%, 1, 2-DO 8%), trioleoylglycerol and oleic acid, trace.
    2) It was recognized that reactioas of oleic acid (O) with glycerol (G) could be separated into three types :
    (a) Esterification (molar ratio of O/G=1/1, at 125200°C)
    (b) Reactions among acylglycerols formed by esterification (O/G=1/1, approximately at 250°C)
    (c) Glycerolysis (O/G=1/3, 1/5, approximately at 250°C)
  • ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸-ジアルキルエステルキレートの合成とその界面活性
    前田 滋, 福嶋 充恵, 今吉 盛男, 竹下 寿雄
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1027-1028
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) dianhydride was treated with five alcohols (C8C16) to give new five chelating agents, DTPA-dialkyl esters.
    The equivalent reaction between the chelating agents and several metal ions, gave the corresponding 1 : 1 metal.chelates in good yields.
    These metal chelates and sodium salts of the chelating agents were found to be more soluble in organic solvents than those of DTPA-monoalkyl esters which have been reported in previous paper, and to have good surface-active properties, especially dispersing power.
  • 丸石 功
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1029-1032
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2010/02/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The removal of some sodium salts of fatty acids in aqueous solutions was studied by reverse osmosis process (batch system) using cellulose acetate membranes.
    The results were as follows :
    When the concentration of sodium salts of fatty acids is 100 mg/l, the rejection showed the low values when the carbon number of alkyl groups on the sodium salts of fatty acids was C2 to C8, and when the carbon number of alkyl groups increases to C10C18 the rejection tends to be higher. The difference in water permeability was little between C2 to C18 sodium salts of fatty acids.
    The rejection increased as the surface tension of sodium salts of fatty acids became lower.
  • 米山 雄二, 荻野 圭三
    1982 年 31 巻 12 号 p. 1033-1036
    発行日: 1982/12/20
    公開日: 2009/11/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    The physico-chemical property and performance of detergent containing sodium poly (oxyethylene) alkyl ether carboxylate as a surface active agent was studied in terms of the detergent which was composed without sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Soap (sodium oleate : sodium stearate : sodium palmitate= 3 : 1 : 1), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and sodium dodecyl sulfate were used as the other surface active agent to comparison. The detergents were examined for surface tension, foam performance and foam stability, and detergency. As a result, it was suggested that sodium poly (oxyethylene) alkyl ether car-boxylate was more effective as a surface active agent for a detergent which was composed without STPP.
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