A case of the so-called Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia is reported.
A 65-year-old male was admitted on October 1980, because of marked neutrophilia and hepatosplenomegaly. On admission, his hemoglobin level was 9.6 g/d
l, the platelet count 18.1×10
4/cmm and the leukocyte count 38,000/cmm. Eighty-seven percent of leukocytes were mature neutrophile leukocyte-like cells and neither eosinophile nor basophile leukocytes were seen.
The leukocyte alkaline phosphatase score was 380, serum vitamine B
12 was 6,030 pg/m
l, and urine as well as serum muramidase level was markedly elevated.
Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy revealed a hypercellular marrow with hyperplasia of myeloid elements.
A karyotypic analysis showed a 46, XY pattern with no evidence of the Ph
1 chromosome. Colony forming unit in culture of this neurtrophile leukocyte-like cell was much decreased in both peripheral blood and bone marrow.
Examined by the transmission electron miroscope, leukemic cells revealed a segmented nucleus with marked chromatin condensation and multilamellae of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum arranged in a parallel manner along with a well developed Golgi apparatus in the cytoplasm. These fidings were thought to indicate asynchrony between the developement of the nucleus and cytoplasm.
Despite an intensive chemotherapy, he died from dyspnea on September 16, 1981. Pstomortem examination revealed marked proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow, splenomegaly (850 g) and hepatomegaly (2,000 g) with infiltration of myeloid elements.
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