We analyzed the distribution of two T cell subsets, CD8
+ CD11a
+ (CD8
+ cytotoxic effector population) and CD8
+ CD57
- cells, in the peripheral lymphocytes of 3 post-operative patients with post-transfusion graft-versus-host disease (PT-GVHD) and 5 post-operative patients without PT-GVHD. The percentage of CD8
+ CD11a
+ cells in the PT-GVHD-negative control was 19±4%, and in the 3 patients with PT-GVHD, 69%, 66%, and 59%, respectively. The percentage of CD8
+ CD57
- cells in the PT-GVHD-negative control was 19±6%, and in the 3 PT-GVHD patients, 59%, 58%, and 55%, respectively. Significantly higher proportions of the two T cell subsets were consistently observed in the patients with PT-GVHD than in the PT-GVHD-negative control. These results suggest that the analysis of CD8
+ T cell subsets may be useful for the simple and rapid laboratory diagnosis of PT-GVHD.
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