A 31-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of petechial hemorrhages. Physical examination revealed no splenomegaly. The patient's platelet count was 1.0×10
9/
l and bone marrow aspiration showed an elevated number of megakaryocytes. A diagnosis of HIV-associated thrombocytopenia was made on the basis of HIV seropositive results. The CD4 cell count was 400×10
6/
l. No opportunistic infections indicating AIDS were detected. Initially the patient was treated with predonisolone, but showed only a transient response. He also failed to respond to zidovudine, lamivudine, or indinavir. Following splenectomy, however, his platelet count rose above 80×10
9/
l (normal level: 150-350×10
9/
l).
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