Previously Nakaoka carried out experimental studies on the effects of antihistamines upon urinary coli bacilli. The experimental studies revealed that (1) a great quantity of antihistamines had a bactericidal effect upon coli bacilli, while a small quantity accelerated their growth, and that (2) when antihistamines were added to culture media, the number of bacteria living for 24 hours showed a significant increase, as composed with culture media containing no antihistamines. Animal experiments also confirmed that when the same amount of antihistamines were inoculated into the rabbit skin the former was much more virulent than the latter.
The fat metabolism of coli bacilli and especially the effects of antihistamines on higher fatty acids were experimentally studied, with interesting results, on the basis of the results of Nakaoka's experiments that the biological activity of urinary coli bacilli was increased by addition of a small quantity of antihistamines. This report is concerned with the results.
Experimental methods and materials
1) Strains
Use was made of the same strains that were utilized by Nakaoka; six strains of Escherichia coli I and 4 strains of Aerobacter aerogenes I. Ikeda strains of E. coli supplied by the bacteriologic department of this university served as controls.
2) Antihistamines
Two kinds of purely powdered antihistamines, restamin and allergin, were used.
3) Culture media
Agar and 1% dextrose agar culture media containing 10γ/cc of each of the antihistamines were used.
4) Culture
Using Roux's flasks, the media under (3) were inoculated with the strains under (1). After 48-hour cultivation at 37°C, the bodies of bacteria were collected and washed with distilled water three times. One gram of the individual sediments was used as specimens for detection of fatty acids.
5) The effects of antihistamines on the detection of free fatty acids in the bodies of bacteria.
The following experiments were done using 2 strains of E. coli I and A. aerogenes I respectively and E. coli, Ikeda strain (control). Antihistamines were inoculated into each of agar and 1% dextrose agar culture media and the bodies of bacteria were collected after cultivation at 37°C for 24 hours. The bodies of bacteria were divided into two parts. One part was untreated, while the other was autoclaved. Each of the living and dead bacteria was suspended in 10γ/cc of the respective antihistamines and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The suspensions were centrifuged and the resultant sediments were washed with water three times and were used as specimens for detecting free fatty acids.
6) Preliminary experiments
Attempts, to detect fatty acids were undertaken using two kinds of antihistamine and six culture media which are considered to be involved in the detection of fatty acids in the present experiments.
7) Detection of higher fatty acids
This was done by means of Fujii's paper chromatography.
8) Rf values of standard fatty acids
The Rf values of standard fatty acids were mean values determined from paper chromatograms developed three times. The fatty acids used consisted of 21 saturated fatty acids, including stearic acid, and 11 unsaturated fatty acids, inclusive of oleic acid.
9) Measurement of Rf values
Fatty acids in the respective specimens were identified by comparing their Rf values with the Rf values of the standard fatty acids.
Experimental results
1) More ester fatty acids were detected in 1% dextrose agar culture medium than in agar culture medium. They were overwhelmingly more numerous in A. aerogenes than in E. coli.
2) When antihistamines were added to agar and 1% dextrose agar culture media, ester fatty acids showed a greater increase than when they were not added.
3) A great many free fatty acids were detected when antihistamines were added to 1% dextrosee agar culture medium. On the contrary, none of the free fatty acids were dete

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I. Clinical Study
Renal hypothermia was used in seventeen cases of the renal conservative operation, that is, in ten cases partial nephrectomies were performed (five cases of the renal lithiasis, two cases of the renal tuberculosis, two case of pyelogenic cyst and one case of renal bleeding), and nephrolithotomies were done in seven cases. By our cooling method used special made ice bags, the temperature of the renal medulla was cooled 20°C for about 15 minutes. Postoperative course and the function of the operated kidney were quite satisfactory. There are no ill effect in application of the renal hypothermia except for postoperative subfever about one week duration.
II. Experimental Study
Dogs were used, with the cooled kidney, intrarenal circulation, enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase and of succinic dehydrogenase, CPAH and CIN were examined from immediately following of the renal ischemia (1-2 hours) to seventh day. Immediately following of the renal ischemia, PSP excretion of the cooled kidneys was compared with the denervated kidneys induced by pendiomide.
The results were as follows:
1) In the cooled kidneys postoperative changes were slighter than in uncooled kidneys, and its recovery was rapid.
2) PSP excretion of the cooled kidneys was superior than the uncooled kidney. III. Conclusions
1) Renal hypothermia is effective for the prevention of postoperative temporary renal failure.
2) In our clinical experiences, renal hypothermia is more useful than the renal denervation.
3) There are two main effect in the renal hypothermia, one is the protective effect for anoxia, and the other is the renal denervation-like effect for the intrarenal circulation.
The later is importance and it makes slight the postoperative temporary renal failure.

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