Studies on the blood concentration in hematuria have been reported only by a few investigators, the only reliable research having been published by Sugimoto (1956) under the title of “Experimental studies on the estimation of blood present in urine.” This investigator accomplished successfully his aim by first converting the blood into HbO₂ or HiCN and by estimating spectrophotometrically the extinction at 576mμ and 540mμ respectively, the values obtained being calculated in terms of heme concentration on a standard nomogram. This author also attempted to construct a simple colorimetric device for clinical use and elucidated the principle underlyingg the construction of this apparatus. However, the difficulty in obtaining a suitable filter for colorimetric use has greatly hindered the practical use of this instrument up to the present, This situation has prompted the present author to examine and analyze the previous work of Sugimoto, by performing additional experiments, for the purpose perfecting the construction of a simple colorimetric apparatus. The present report sets forth the outcome of this endeavor, which is considered to be satisfactory for practical use.
The methods for estimating the color of solutions may be broadly classified into three types, namely, spectrophotometry, photoelectric colorimetry and trichromatic colorimetry. Each of these methods has its own advantages as well as disadvantages, making it difficult for immediate decision in its adoption. After a considerable amount of study, the author has chosen the last method utilizing a visual color scale for this colorimetric device. When hematuria is converted into HiCN, the absorption band at 540mμ which is characteristics to this solution in the absorption curve is at times indistinct and may tend to be either above or below the standard curve according to the changes of heme concentration. On the contrary, with HbO₂ solution the absorption maxima appear clearly in the neighborhood of 576mμ and the movement of the color intensity always followed along the curve. Moreover, considering its ready availability, ease for keeping and low cost, the author has investigated the problem by the HbO₂ method. The construction and use of this colorimeter may be briefly described as follows (see accompanying illustration):
The beam of light from the source, after having been reflected by the mirror placed on the right side, passes through the cell containing the solution to be examined, enters the integral sphere by the action of condensor lens, and reaches the right half of the matching visual field after having been homogeneously mixed. The light on the left side is like the one on the right side but passes through the filter instead of the solution and reaches the matching visual field after having been mixed in the integral sphere Thus, in actual, manipulation, 20cc of urine to be tested and converted into HbO₂ are placed in the cell, and then, by adjusting the handle of the colorimeter so as to match the colors of the two visual fields, the dominant wave length (λ_D) and excitation purity (Pe) are read, From λ_D and Pe the density of the test solution is determined by constructing the color coordinates of the solution.
In clinical cases, however, in an effort to facilitate the ready estimation of the density desired. a table which can be used for rapidly converting the heme concentration is attached. By utilizing this colorimeter the concentration of test solutions prepared from many instances of hematuria has been determined. The relationship between the value so obtained and the density estimated from the extinction of 576mμ on the spectrophotometer has been analyzed for the purpose of ascertaining the quality of this instrument.
In regard to the heme concentration, the comparison of 64 tests performed revealed approximately an even distribution.

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The treatment of infection in the field of urology has made outstanding progress due to the successive introduction of various antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents in therapy in recent years; these agents have had dramatically curative effects. On the other hand, however it seems that problems remain unanswered as to the appearance of resistant strains, the occurrence of superinfection and the after-effects of the drugs.
In 1959 Yamamoto et al. carried out studies on intestinal gas, which prevents roentgen diagnosis from being made, and found that there is an abnormally great increase in the amount of intracolonic gas following the administration of antihistaminics. They regarded intestinal flora and especially Echerichia coli as being responsible for that increase. Echerichia coli which was isolated from the patients were observed to produce gas in an abnormally great amount on glucose broth containing 10γ of antihistaminics per cc, as compared with the control. They pointed out that the daily dose of antihistaminics activate intestinal Echerichia coli. On treatment of urinary coli infection with antihistaminics the present author observed exacerbation of the symptoms of the vesicle in 2 of the 5 cases. The medical literature home and abroad reveals that Echerichia coli is most responsible for infection in the field of urology. When urinary coli infection occurs, it appears that the symptoms of the vesicle may exacerbate if antihistaminics are injected because of other reasons. Using 10 strains of Echerichia coli which were isolated from cases of urinary coli infection and the Ikeda strain of Echerichia coli (control) which was supplied by the Department of Bacteriology in our university, the present author observed the effects of antihistaminics upon these strains by means of in vitro experiments and animal vaccination. This paper presents a description of the results. Results:
1. No changes worth mentioning were produced on the imvic system and other properties by 10 strains of urinary Echerichia coli and the Ikeda strain of Echerichia coli which were cultivated on glucose broth containing antihistaminics.
2. The sensibility test by the use of 10 antibiotics, including penicillin, revealed as follows: Of 110 strains of Echerichia coli which were cultivated on media containing restamine, 45 showed their resistance against these antibiotics; 23 exhibited sensibility; and 42 were constant. Of 110 strains of Echerichia coli which were cultivated on media containing allergin, 29 were resistant; 13, sensible; and 68, constant. The number of the former strains which exhibited their resistance against the antibiotics was greater than that of the latter.
3. When the lethal test was performed on mice, it was found that deaths from strains of Echerichia coli which are cultivated on media containing antihistaminics show a greater increase than in the case of the original strain.
4. The necrosis test which was performed on rabbits disclosed that strains of Echerichia coli which are cultivated on media containing antihistaminics cause the formation of necrosis in 2 of the 3 rabbits more remarkably than the original strain does.
5. The inspection of the growth curve of urinary Echerichia coli indicated that strains of Echerichia coli which are cultivated on media containing antihistaminics show a more significant increase in the number of living bacteria 6 hours after cultivation than the original strain does.
6. Accordingly, much precaution should be taken against these matters when urinary coli infection is treated with antihistaminics.

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