The intrarenal distribution of blood flow measured by the ¹³³Xe washout method was determined in eight patients with hydronephrosis and eight patients with normal kidney. None of the patients had evidence of systemic disease or cardiovascular disease. In the eight hydronephrotic kidneys, the average total renal blood flow was significantly lower than that in the normal kidneys (P<0.01). Cortical blood flow decreased significantly (P<0.001) but juxtamedullary blood flow was relatively well maintained in the hydronephrotic kidneys. The degree of reduced total renal blood flow and the redistribution of renal blood flow from the outer to the inner cortex were proportional to the degree of hydronephrosis estimated by intravenous pyelography, abdominal aortography and renogram.
In three cases of hydronephrosis, ¹³³Xe washout was done before and after treatment. Total renal blood flow increased and redistribution of blood flow was recovered after treatment. The measurement of renal blood flow and its distribution in hydronephrosis by the ¹³³Xe washout method is considered to be a useful check for kidney function. It is compatible with quantitative estimation of kidney function in hydronephrosis.

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A 47 years old woman complained of a swelling and pain on the left hypochondral region two years in duration. From the findings of angiography and echogram, she was suspected to have an adrenal or renal tumor. The results of all endocrinological examinations were in normal range.
The adrenal tumor was surgically removed. The specimen was 16×13×10cm in size and 1, 235g in weight. It was elastic hard and capsulated with thick fibrous membrane. The cut surface was grayish yellow in color, with scattered necrotic and hemorrhagic regions. Pathological examination revealed an adrenocortical carcinoma with invasion into the capsule and veins.
Non-functioning adrenocortical carcinoma is rare and only 29 cases have been reported in Japanese literatures.

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Separation of X-bearing sperm and Y-bearing sperm in human semen in an acceptably natural state was attempted by means of galvanization.
The semen was electrophoresed at 2.3 V and 200μA for 30 minutes.
The results in the light of fluorescent staining showed favorable assembling of Y-bearing sperms at the anode and X-bearing sperms at the cathode. This suggests a potentially successful artificial insemination with such separated semen to obtain a desired sex in offsprings.

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The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the ureter segments above and below the site of transection in some way restore their activities after making a communication between them using an artificial ureter in order to make the flow of urine possible.
Fifty-five mongrel dogs were used in the present study. Each ureter was sectioned transversely at the central part and reconstructed with a vinyl T-shaped catheter. In this preparation, the upper and lower segments of the ureter were completely separated each other and thus the flow of urine occurred via vinyl catheter secured between them.
The action potentials and pressure of the upper and lower segments of the ureters were measured according to Kubo et al, and compared with those of the ureters prior to surgery.
The results obtained are as follows: 1) In all dogs studied, the ureters before surgery showed normal peristalsis on the myogram recordings and pressure waves; 2) of sectioned ureters, 17 out of 35 segments below the site of section lost peristalsis (48.6%), anti-peristalsis occurred in 11 ureters (31.4%) and normal peristalsis in 7 ureters (20.0%). In all cases showing anti-peristalsis no pressure waves were seen. In the ureters showing normal peristalsis the pressure waves were normal in all but one. No change was seen in the segment of the ureter above the site of transection; 3) When the upper and lower segments of the sectioned ureter were communicated through a vinyl catheter, normal peristalsis occurred in the lower segment of 33 ureters and anti-peristalsis was seen in 2 ureters. The pressure waves were seen in all ureters having normal peristalsis. However, in the ureters having anti-peristalsis, small pressure waves were preceded by action potentials. All upper segments of the ureter showed normal peristalsis and pressure waves; 4) When the flow through the communication secure dbetween the upper and lower ureters was interrupted by clamping, neither peristalsis nor pressure waves were seen in the lower segment of 8 ureters. Of 10 ureters showing anti-peristalsis, 9 had no tracing of pressure waves. In one ureter, the appearance of the pressure waves was preceded by action potentials. In 17 ureters showing normal peristalsis, 8 had normal tracings, while 9 had no tracings. All upper segments of the ureter showed normal peristalsis but the resting pressure was markedly elevated. In 4 cases, the pressure waves disappeared as the resting pressure increased; 5) When the urine through the communication between the upper and lower segments of the ureter was allowed to pass, the normal peristalsis was restored in the lower segments of 34 ureters with a concomitant appearance of normal pressure waves. Only one ureter showed anti-peristalsis but no pressure waves.
The results of the present study show that the segment of the ureter below the site of transection can restore its activity if the urine is allowed to pass through an appropriate communication secured between the upper and lower segments of the ureter. These findings are compatible with the concept that the urine flow per se acts like a stimulus to the ureteral activity.

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A 23 year-old woman with macrohematuria and pain on urination around menstrual period was admitted.
Female sterility and bladder tumor had been found by a gynecologist prior to admission.
Vesical endometriosis was strongly suspected on the bsis of cystoscopic findings and ultrasonotomogram at each menstrual phases.
Then partial cystectomy was performed and bladder tumor coincided with cystoscopic findings and inflammatory adhesion between the left uterine tube and the bladder were confirmed.
Histological specimen showed vesical endometriosis with multiplication from submucosal to muscular tissue.
No symptom was presented during post-operative period and the complaints were disappeared for about one year after her discharge.

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