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Volume 75, Issue 8
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Yoshi Ishibashi, Toshio Sakuramoto, Takeshi Miura, Yoshinobu Kubota1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1208-1211
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe soft agar culture of exfoliated cells obtained by bladder washing was studied to establish a sensitivity test of bladder carcinoma to anticancer drugs.
Exfoliated cells were plated on the two-layer soft agarose dishes, and incubated for 3 to 4 weeks to observe colony formation.
Twenty-four and ten cultures were performed for 20 patients with bladder carcinoma and 10 controls with benign urological diseases, respectively. The number of exfoliated cells obtained was 2×104-4×107 in the former group and 4×104-2.5×107 in the latter group. There was no significant difference between these two values. Thirteen specimens from the bladder carcinoma patients, and 9 from the control patients were cultured without contamination of bacteria for 3 to 4 weeks. The colony formation was observed in 7 out of the 13 specimens, and the plating efficiency was 0.1-0.0015%. The control specimens did not form any colonies. There were no definite relations between colony formation and cytologic malignancy or grade of tumors.
These results indicate that the sensitivity test of anticancer drugs with exfoliated cells of bladder carcinoma is possible by utilizing soft agarose culture techniques with some further technical improvements.View full abstractDownload PDF (1903K) -
Kazunori Ohno, Tsugio Umehara, Yoshiaki Kumamoto1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1212-1224
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to determine if the efficacy of a conventionally used anti-androgen therapy in prostatic cancer can be predicted using androgen receptor as an index.
Cytosol fractions and crude nuclear extract were prepared from hypertrophic and cancerous tissues of the prostate and the androgen receptor content was determined using a synthetic androgen, methyltrienolone (R1881), as the ligand.
A seven point Scatchard analysis was carried out on preparations from hypertrophic tissues, while a one point assay (single point determination) was performed on small amounts of needle biopsy specimens of cancer tissue. The results are summarized as follows:
1) The cytosol receptor content (as estimated in terms of NBS) was 31.2±2.8fmoles/mg protein (mean±S. E.) and 33.4±13.6fmoles/mg protein for cancerous tissue of the prostatic gland. The values were thus nearly equal, and the two types of prostatic tissue were considered remarkably androgen dependent.
2) A comparison of androgen receptor content between cytosol and crude nuclear extract of hypertrophic prostatic tissue showed that the value was higher for crude nuclear extract, a fact implying that androgens are actively taken up by the prostate.
3) In an attempt to investigate the correlationship between the androgen receptor content of prostatic cancer tissue and the efficacy of anti-androgen therapy, cytosol receptor content was correlated to responses to anti-androgen therapy.
Responders to anti-androgen therapy gave a value of 69.3±27.7fmoles/mg protein (mean±S. E.), while nonresponders to anti-androgen therapy showed a corresponding value of 17.4±15.7femoles/mg protein (mean±S. E.). There was a striking difference between the two groups.
Anti-androgen therapy tend to prove ineffective notably in those cases showing a cytosol receptor content below 10fmoles/mg protein. These results indicate the possible usefulness of androgen receptor contained in prostatic cancer tissue as an index for the selection of appropriate initial therapy for prostatic cancer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1406K) -
I: Comparative Studies on Various Diagnostics in VaricoceleKazukiyo Miura1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1225-1235
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAt the present time, as diagnostic methods for varicocele, the authors are using inspection and palpation, ultrasonic method (tomography and doppler), scrotal skin contact thermometry and phlebography of the spermatic vein. In this study, a comparative investigation of the results obtained using these methods has been conducted.
The subjects were 710 males who reported to the Toho University Attached Hospital complaining of infertility, during the 5 years from April 1978 through March 1983.
The following results were obtained:
1) As a result of inspection and palpation diagnosis, 266 (37.5%) of the 710 infertile males were diagnosed as left varicocele and 18 as right varicocele.
2) Ultrasonic method (tomography and doppler) made accurate diagnosis and classification of degree possible. The frequency of identification of right varicocele as a complication increased to 29.4%.
3) Scrotal skin contact thermometry was used as a supplementary diagnostic method and contributed to estimation of post-surgery efficacy.
4) Phlebography of the spermatic vein was conducted in 30 patients. Collateral veins were observed in 25 cases and anastomoses with numerous other veins in the lower spermatic vein were elucidated. Moreover, 4 cases with right varicocele which could not be discovered by the ultrasonic method, were further added.View full abstractDownload PDF (6771K) -
II: Studies on Anti-Reflux Treatment in the Internal Spermatic Vein in Varicocele and its ResultsKazukiyo Miura1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1236-1243
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the past 5 years we treated 710 males suffering from infertility. Among these, idiopathic varicocele was observed as a complication in 266 cases (37.5%). High ligation of the spermatic vein was conducted in 85 cases and embolization in 30. The numbers of these cases who could be followed up in 3 months or more subsequent to surgery, were 76 and 16 respectively. Treatment efficacy was determined by evaluating modification in the Eliasson score of semen quality before and after surgery.
In the high ligation treatment group, the average semen score before surgery was 19.6±8.6 but the post-surgery score improved to 13.6±9.6 (p<0.001).
In the embolization group, 7 of the 16 cases (44%) showed improvement on the pre-surgery semen quality.
successful pregnancy was achieved in 16 of the 76 cases (21%) in the high ligation group and these were those patients whose pre-surgery average semen score of 16.4±9.4, significantly improved to 7.6±6.2 (p<0.01) after surgery. Successful pregnancy was achieved in 4 of the 16 cases (25%) in the embolization group, but in these cases a significant difference between pre- and post-surgery semen quality did not exist.View full abstractDownload PDF (4964K) -
Hisaaki Afuso1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1244-1251
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffectiveness of sequent administration of bleomycin (BLM), vincristine (VCR) and cisplatin (CDDP) on bladder cancer was evaluated by the incorporation rate of 3H-thymidine to five established cell strains from different human bladder cancers.
The five cell strains were HUB4, HUB6, HUB15 and HUB31 which had been recently established in our clinic and T24 which was a long term cultured cell line.
The anti-cancer effect of these drugs was expressed as 50% inhibitory dose (ID50). ID50 of BLM and VCR were unpractically high (BLM: 1×106μg/ml, VCR: 5.2×104μg/ml) and these values were comparable to that of MMC (12μg/ml). ID50 of CDDP (11μg/ml) was comparable to those of adriamycin (0.88μg/ml) and carboquone (0.42μg/ml). Incorporation rate of 3H-thymidine to the established cell strains exposed to each of them were BLM (1μg/ml): 86%, VCR (1μg/ml): 81% and CDDP (10μg/ml): 61% in average. Simultaneous exposure to these three agents decreased it to 54%. Sequent daily exposure to them decreased it further to 33%. The expected value of additive effect when the cell strains were exposed to BLM, VCR and CDDP sequentially was 42%. The difference of 9% (42-33=9) was supposed to be an additional effect of the sequent exposure.
Sequential exposure to BLM, VCR and CDDP was more cytotoxic to HUB6 and HUB15 than to HUB4 and HUB31. This difference depended upon the growth pattern in nude mouse. The former shawed a papillary but the latter a non-papillary growth pattern.View full abstractDownload PDF (1199K) -
Hitoshi Takada1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1252-1266
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of fast elevation of intra-pelvic pressure on total renal blood flow (RBF) and local renal blood flow were studied in 34 mongrel dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital, including 4 dogs given mannitol beforehand. The RBF was measured by an electromagnetic flow meter, and local blood flow by two methods based on differing principles: the hydrogen-gas clearance method and the heat electrical method.
1) In the dogs without mannital administration, during the elevation of pevic pressure an increase in RBF was observed in the increase of RBF in the groups with low grade (25mmHg) and high grade (75mmHg) pelvic ressure elevation.
Cortical and medullary blood flow decreased as measured by the hydrogen-gas clearance method, and cortical blood flow increased as measured by the heat electrical method, in high grade pelvic pressure elevation. This seemed to be caused by the flow directly returning to the renal vein, resulting in a retardation of the Vasa Recta's flow.
2) After the mannitol infusion, an increase in RBF and cortical and medullary flow was observed by both methods. Following the administration of mannitol, unilateral ureteral ligation brougth about a decrease of ipsilateral RBF and cortical and medullary flow.
3) In the group without mannitol administration, the blood flow returned to the pre-elevated pelvic pressure level after release of the ureteral occlusion. In the group given mannitol, recovery of blood flow did not occur.
4) Through the results measured by the two different methods, the non-nutrient blood flow seemed to be the important part of the hemodynamic response of the obstructed kidney.View full abstractDownload PDF (1875K) -
Takashi Morita, Takashi Suzuki1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1267-1273
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectromyographic responses of the pelvicalyceal (PC-) border where the pacemaker of ureteral peristalisisis, pelvis and ureter on administration of dobutamine (β1-) and terbutaline (β2-) were examined, using isolated canine pelviureteral preparations. The β1-stimulant produced a marked enchancement of electromyographic potential in the PC-border, pacemaker region, but no noticeable responses in the renal pelvis and ureter. The β2-stimulant completely suppressed the electromyographic activities in the pelvis and ureter, but not the pacemaker activity in the PC-border.View full abstractDownload PDF (905K) -
II. The Change of Intracellular pH in the Renal TissueSeiji Kunikata, Masanori Iguchi, Takahiro Akiyama, Takashi Kurita1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1274-1279
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies of S1P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on rat preserved kidneys were carried out. A method to measure intracellular pH from the inorganic phosphate (Pi) resonance position is reported for the first time in this paper. Preserved kidneys showed rapid energy metabolism and intracellular acidosis in simple storage at high temperature. However, the intracellular pH dropped to the minimum value in 90min at 37°C. The intracellular acidosis developed very slowly in simple storage at 4°C. The isolated perfused kidney (22°C) showed a stable energy metabolism and intracellular pH by a 90min perfusion. Thereafter, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level in renal tissue decreases as the renal intracellular pH dropped slowly. This lowering of intracellular pH was considered to be due to the damage of the renal cell. Intracellular pH was found to be a usefull parameter of the renal tissue viability.View full abstractDownload PDF (644K) -
Hideki Fuse, Susumu Akimoto, Haruo Ito, Jun Shimazaki, Takao Ishikawa1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1280-1287
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty-one cases of Cushing's syndrome were experienced for the 20 years, 1962 to 1981.
Eighty per cent of the cases ranged in age from 20 to 39. The study comprised 16 cases of adenoma and 5 of hyperplasia.
Moon face, central obesity and hypertension were observed in all cases. Polycythemia, leucocytosis, hypokalemia and hypocalcemia were observed in 1, 6, 5 and 3 cases, respectively.
Urinary excretion of 17-OHCS for 24 hours and cortisol level in blood were high in all cases. ACTH level in blood was high in cases of hyperplasia, but was low or normal in cases of adenoma.
Metopirone® test and dexamethasone suppression test gave accurate diagnosis to 80 and 88 per cent of the cases, respectively. Concerning the localization of the lesions, PRP, CT scanning, ultrasonography and adrenal scanning showed accuracy rate of 50, 75, 80 and 93 per cent in diagnosis, respectively. Therefore, adrenal scanning seems to be most efficient.
In 9 cases of adenoma, postoperative replacements of glucocorticoid were done for 10 days to one year and 6 months. In 4 cases out of the 9, the release from glucocorticoid dependency could be done within one month. One case was released from glucocorticoid dependency by hyperbaric oxygenation. Cases of hyperplasia who underwent total adrenalectomy did not show typical Nelson's syndrome with or without hypophyseal irradiation. Two cases out of 15 revealed hypertension even 5 years after operationView full abstractDownload PDF (1030K) -
Kazuo Matsushita, Katsumi Tanikawa, Yoji Katsuoka, Keishi Okada, Hidec ...1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1288-1292
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe followed up 307 patients with calcium urolithiasis of unknown causes for an average of 29.0 months from February, 1975.
We sent an inquiring letter (questionnaire) to each of 279 patients who had been hospitalized during that period for treatment of stone disease. 115 (41.2%) of them replied to the question.
Recurrence of calcium stone was observed in 51 patients (51/307, 16.6%). 44 recurrences occurred in patients who had received operative removal of stones 44/181, 24.3%, Table 2). Whereas, of subjects who had had spontaneous passage of stones, only 7 developed recurrent lithiasis (7/132, 5.3%). It was shown that relapse of calcium stone was much more frequent following surgical treatment than spontaneous passage (p<0.005, Table 3).
The incidence of hypercalciuria (more than 4mg/kg BW/day) in recurrent stone formers following surgery was 37.9% and significantly higher than in patients without postoperative relapse (p<0.01, Table 5). The calcium creatinine ratio (in mg/dl) of a single-voided urine of the postoperative recurrent group had a tendency to exceed 0.2 as compared with the non-recurrent group after lithotomy (p<0.01, Table 4).
The reason for the increased incidence of recurrent calculous formation and the role of elevated urinary calcium excretion in subjects who underwent stone surgery will be elucidated after long-term follow-up of patients and careful control study.View full abstractDownload PDF (589K) -
Takashi Morita1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1293-1298
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUreteral resistence was studied in the canine ureter, recording the ureteral pressure and intraureteral infusion rate of saline, simultaneously. The ureteral resistence without ureteral peristalsis was found to be 1.16cmH2O/ml/min, almost the same as the resistance of 5Fr. polyethylene catheter. The ureteral resistence with ureteral peristalsis was very high at infusion rate below 2.16ml/min, at which rate the urine was transported by bolus. Although, the ureteral resistence with peristalsis became as low as that without peristalsis at infusion rate over 5.4ml/min, at which rate urine was transported passively from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder through the ureter behaving as a tube.View full abstractDownload PDF (747K) -
A Use of Specially Designed Prostatic Fluid Obtaining CatheterSadatoshi Ichijo, Masato Nagasawa, Koichi Katayose, Masahide Koguchi, ...1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1299-1305
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 130 patients prostatic fluid which was obtained by a specially designed catheter was examined cytologically. The catheter was made as follows; a hole of a balloon catherter-tip was shifted to 2, 5cm proximal to the balloon base so that the catheter hole was located at the prostatic urethra when the balloon was placed at the bladder neck. Prostatic fluid was aspiratated with a connected injection syringe during and following prostatic massage. The prostatic fluid within the catheter and syringe was washed out with 5ml of saline solution. The saline solution being centrifugated, smears of its sediment were made. They were fixed in ether-alcohol, stained by the Papanicolaou method and examined cytologically.
Cytology was positive in 15 of 18 patients with clinically diagnosed prostatic carcinoma, in 8 of 33 patients with suspected carcinoma and in 3 of 49 patients with clinical prostatic hypertrophy. All of these cytologically positive patients were finally confirmed to have carcinoma histologically. In 3 patients, despite the presence of prostatic carcinoma, cytology was not positive. In one of them, obtained cells were not enough to make diagnosis and, in the remaining two, estrogen therapy had been done.
It is concluded that this method of prostatic exfoliative cytology is simple and effective.View full abstractDownload PDF (6679K) -
Masahiro Matsushima, Tuguo Yagishita, Kiyoshi Fukasawa, Masaharu Tajim ...1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1306-1318
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince 1967, ninety dyestuff workers who had been exposed to aromatic amine have been subjected to periodic urinary cytology test (Papanicolaou's). Twenty-two out of the ninety dyestuff workers were found to have bladder tumors including a case of asynchronous bilateral ureteral tumor. In these cases, occupational double cancer was found in five cases, consisting in lung cancer, hepatoma, bile duct cancer, non-hormonal adrenocortical cancer and rectal cancer. On the other hand, 9 cases of double cancer out 226 cases of environmental bladder cancer were also found druing the period of following up. Among these cases, there were 3 cases of stomach cancer, 2 cases of rectal cancer, and each one case of larinx cancer, esophagus cancer, renal cancer, and lung cancer.
A statistical study was also done on 631 cases with multiple malignant neoplasms associated with genitourinary organs previously reported in Japan, including our cases. The average age of patient was 65.9 years old, and 83.5% of the patients were male. The multiple primary malignant neoplasms associated with genitourinary organs were frequently reported in the bladder (54.4%), prostate (22.5%) and kidney (22.4%). The other organs having neoplasms accompanying the genitourinary malignant neoplasms were the stomach (31.6%), lung (13.5%), large instestine (11.7%), liver and biliary tract (8.3%) and esophagus (6.0). The average time interval between the first and second primary neoplasms occurences was 5.7 years; 52.4% were synchronous multiple malignant neoplasms.View full abstractDownload PDF (1617K) -
Katsunori Uchida, Tsunetada Yazaki, Shori Kano, Kenkichi Koiso1984 Volume 75 Issue 8 Pages 1319-1325
Published: August 20, 1984
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 36-year-old patient with subcutaneous, extradural and intradural lipomas which compressed the spinal cord in the lumbosacral region as well a midline spinal abnormalities was reported. He visited our outpatient clinic because of dysuria, frequency and lumbago. Clinical manifestations, urodynamic evaluations and radiological studies including CT scan enabled us to detect the presence of lipomas invading spinal cord through the defect secondary to spina bifida. Therefore, he was referred to the Neurosurgical Department. At surgery subcutaneous extradural and intradural lipomas were, as expected, found compressing the spinal cord in the lumbosacral region. Invading lipomas were removed successfully after second operation. At present the patient is followed up at the outpatient clinic.
Review of the pertinent literature revealed the following aspects. Spinal lipomas are rare and constitute only 1per cent among the primary spinal neoplasms. To date less than 50 cases have been reported in the Japanese medical literature.
These tumors occur predominently in the male and in younger generations. Gait disturbance, paraparesis and dysuria are frequent complaints in lumbosacral lipoma. Although myelography was the only diagnostic method of choice in the past, CT scan is now regarded as an additional armamentarium to make precise preoperative diagnosis. Surgical treatment including decompression, laminectomy and subtotal resection, is best advised to reduce the progressive loss of neurological function.View full abstractDownload PDF (4614K)
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