All issues
Successor
Predecessor
Volume 77, Issue 11
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
IX. The Pressure Profile of Blast Wave in Buffer Liquid by Detonation of a Lead Azide Charging ChamberKazuhide Kondoh1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1716-1725
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo different sources of energy are generated from detonation. At first, shock wave has a dynamic effect which can crush calculi but is harmless to the soft tissues. Secondly, gas has a static effect which can possibly injure the bladder and the adjacent organs. Some buffer liquid is needed to suppress the effect of gas. Water and glycerine were chosen for the trial.
In this report, the action and response of microexplosion in the buffer liquid are investigated. The peak pressure of blast wave in buffer liquid was measured and the buffer action of it against gas was evaluated.
The results obtained were as follows:
1) Microexplosion in buffer liquid conformed to “scaling law” in the same way to general industrial explosion.
2) Peak pressure in buffer liquid in different directions (0°, 45°, 90°, 135°) was related to scaled distance with following experimental formulas.
In water P0°, 45°, 90°, 135°=4.4·102(3√W/D)0.97
In glycerine P0°=1.2·103(3√W/D)1.25
P45°=8.0·102(3√W/D)1.25
P90°=5.2·10(3√W/D)1.10
P135°=5.2·10(3√W/D)1.15
P: Pressure (kg/cm2), W: Weight (g), D: Distance (cm)
3) The buffer liquid suppressed the effect of gas well.
4) The evidences were confirmed in 17 clinical cases of bladder calculi treated with microexplosion cystolithotripsy.View full abstractDownload PDF (6328K) -
Tsutomu Shirahama1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1726-1732
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of warm ischaemia on γ-glutamyltranspeptidase [EC2.3.2.2.] (γ-GTP) activity was studied in the rat kidney.
A circadian rhythm for the urinary excretion of γ-GTP is demonstrated. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that urinary γ-GTP activity correlates with renal ischaemia. Of the ischaemic durations studied, urinary enzyme activity was greatest after 30 minute ischaemia. However, slight or no increase of the enzyme activity was seen after 5 or 60 minute ischaemia.
Enzyme activity was appreciably greater in the urinary pellet than in the soluble fraction after ischaemia, suggesting that the enzyme may be contained in the brush border of the proximal tubules sloughed into the urine.
An initially decreased enzyme activity in the kidney returned to normal at 7 days after 60 minute ischaemia, but such enzymic recovery was not observed after 120 minute ischaemia, suggesting that viability of the kidney may be estimated from renal γ-GTP activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (962K) -
Masahide Koguchi1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1733-1744
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing an SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the contractile protein contents were examined in the animal model of dilated ureter and human dilated ureters. In the animal model, the amounts of contractile proteins were measured in both the ureteral tissue and the ureteral muscle coat. In the tissue the myosin and actin contents were inconsistent with histological findings of the rabbit dilated ureters. Compared with the rabbit normal ureters, the contractile protein contents of the muscle coat showed no change in the dilated ureters. These findings were consistent with the results that in the dilated ureters the maximum active stress per muscle unit area was the same as that in the normal ureters.
Based on these results obtained from the animal experiments, the contractile protein contents of the human ureters were examined only in the muscle coat. In 12 human normal ureters, the amounts of the contractile proteins were fairly constant (myosin: 6.33±1.07mg/g, actin: 7.08±1.17mg/g) while in 12 dilated ureters they showed a great variation. Based on the actomyosin content (myosin plus actin contents), all dilated ureters could be classified into the three groups: the high, normal and low content groups. The histological finding of the high content group showed muscle hypertrophy. This group also showed a significant increase in both the myosin and actin contents per one smooth muscle cell, indicating an increase in the contractile strength of the dilated ureter. In the low content group, muscle atrophy was observed histologically and the cellular amounts of contractile proteins were significantly decreased, suggesting a complete loss of ureteral contractility. Regarding the normal content group, the cellular contractile protein contents were almost the same as the normal ureter. Although cellular ability to contract was not so impaired in this group, the contractility of the whole ureter seemed to be decreased because collagen proliferation was observed around muscle cells.
It seems from these results that the contractile protein measurement is a usefull method for predicting the contractility of the dilated ureter.View full abstractDownload PDF (5613K) -
Kiyotaka Ohmura, Yoshiaki Kumamoto, Taiji Tsukamoto1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1745-1753
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifferent type of human urogenital carcinomas were tested for their in vitro clonogenicity and chemosensitivity using a human tumor clonogenic assay (clonogenic assay) originally described by Salmon and his colleagues.
Sixty one different samples of human urogenital carcinomas, including 25 renal cell, 25 uroepithelial, 2 prostatic, 3 penile and 6 testicular carcinomas were tested. Clonal growth (≥5 colonies per plate) occurred in 42 of the 61 specimens (69%), including 37 of 53 solid tumors obtained from primary site, 2 of 2 metastatic lymph nodes, 2 of 2 pleural effusions and 1 of 3 bladder burbotages. However, an adequate growth for chemosensitivity testing (≥30 colonies per control plate) occurred in only 32 of the 61 specimens (52%), including 17 of 25 renal cell, 9 of 25 uroepithelial, 1 of 2 prostatic, 2 of 3 penile and 3 of 6 testicular carcinomas. Notably, the highest clonogenicity was showen in renal cell carcinomas.
A greater than 70% reduction in colony formation was obtained in 1/27 (3.7%) of anticancer drugs tested for renal cell carcinomas and 1/46 (2.2%) for uroepithelial carcinomas, when in vitro chemosensitivity testing was performed with a one-hour exposure of tumor cells to the drugs at a eoncentration 1/10 to 1/20 of that achievable in patient's palsma levels after a standard clinical dose.View full abstractDownload PDF (1267K) -
Part 2. Post-Operative Renal Function Observing from Venous CastMamoru Oki1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1754-1766
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of renal surgeries on the intrarenal venous system was studied by resin injection casting in rabbits. Longitudinal pathological and biochemical studies were also performed. We also discussed the merits of each surgical procedure.
Japanese white rabbits were submitted to the following surgical procedures.
1) Control (Right nephrectomy)
2) Renal bisection
3) Multiple diseection nephrotomy
4) Partial nephrectomy (Wedge type)
5) Partial nephrectomy (Transverse type)
6) Electrohydraulic lithotripsy
Serum LDH activities and LDH isoenzyme were measured on the preoperative day and the postoperative days; every day for the first week and once a week for the following 6 weeks. Resin injection casting was also performed.
In cast findings, venous revascularization was observed six weeks after operation. And we noticed new vascular formation, and it was visibly marked in the group in which renal parenchyma had been resected. (group 4 and group 5) Dilatation and transformation of new vessels were also remarkable in this group.
As additional experiments, renal bisection, partial nephrectomy (transverse type) and electrohydraulic lithotripsy on lt. kindey were performed 8 weeks after rt. nephrectomy. We examined histopathological healing process on the three groups. Histopathologically, the most severe tissue damage was seen in the partial nephrectomy group (transverse type). In the renal bisection group, the tissue damage was relatively slight. And it was also slight in electrohydraulic lithotripsy. But the findings possibly suggest circulatory disorder at the part distant from the probe stab. Fibrosis was found in all groups one week after operation. New capillaries were also observed in all groups and their dilatation was remarkable after partial nephrectomy.
Serum LDH activities and LDH isoenzyme patterns did not precisely reflect renal function after operation, unlike BUN and creatinin, in the present study of rabbit renal surgeries.View full abstractDownload PDF (9450K) -
An Experimental Pathologic StudyKosuke Kakinoki1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1767-1778
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnilateral hydronephrosis was experimentally induced in 34 Japanese white rabbits by complete ligations of the left ureteropelvic junctions.
Histopathologic studies, intravenous pyelography (IVP) and microangiography (MAG) were performed during the period of 300 experimental days in order to elucidate pathologic processes of hydronephrosis.
The results obtained were as follows.
1) At early stage of hydronephrosis, enlargement of the lumens and atrophy of the epithelial cells appeared in collecting tubules and all nephrons, which were more obvious in distal, convoluted segments and top of Henle's loops than in proximal and straight segments.
2) The epithelial cells showed gradual atrophy with reduction of size and numbers, loss of the polarity in mitochondria and increase in numbers of large lysosomes containing fluid substance. Basement membranes became thick, undulated and were dissociated from epithelial cells. Mesh structures consisted of basement membrane-like materials appeared in dissociated space. In glomeruli, fusion of foot processes of endothelial cells were recognized at the comparatively early stage.
3) After about the 40th experimental day, enlarged lumens of the pelvis became smaller and diminished. The renal tissues which showed progression of atrophy and sclerosis, ultimately fell into such a state as “hydronephrotic contracted kidney”.
Hydronephrosis was thought to be induced by complicated mechanisms of pressure and ischemic atrophy, lowered or lost glomerular filtration and some other factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (8540K) -
Tatsuya Okano, Shigeo Isaka, Takeatsu Miyagi, Nobuo Sato, Jun Shimazak ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1779-1783
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCytological analysis of 53 patients with upper urothelial tumor was reported. The patients consisted of 26 cases with renal pelvic tumor, 23 with ureter tumor and 4 with both tumors.
The total positive rate was 52.0% in upper urothelial tumors. But in voided urine cytology 16 out of 49 cases (32.7%) were positive. 9 out of 14 cases (64.3%) were positive in urine specimens obtained by ureteral catheterization. 4. out of 7 cases (57.1%) were positive in brushing cytology, and 6 out of 8 cases (75.0%) were positive in urine specimens obtained by percutaneous renal puncture.
In cytologically positive 11 cases with renal pelvic tumor, the positive rate was 81.8% in voided urine cytology but only 38.5% were positive in cytologically positive 16 cases with ureter tumor. On the other hand, 5 out of 6 cases with ureter tumor (83.3%) were positive in urine specimens obtained by renal puncture.
No correlation existed among the percentage of positive rates and the grade or the stage of tumors.
We consider that active cytological studies with improved techniques are effective for correct diagnosis of upper urothelial tumors.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
A South West Oncology Group StudyKatsushi Mori, Donald L. Lamm, E. David Crawford1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1784-1789
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn one hundred and sixty-two patients with superficial bladder cancer, confirmed by biopsy, the effects of intravesical BCG and Adriamycin were compared. The patients were followed up for 2 to 25 months (average, 15.7 months) by cystoscopy at 3 month intervals, urinary cytology and bladder cold cup biopsy. Of 104 patients with no evidence of carcinoma in situ (CIS), 12 of 52 patients (23 percent) who received intravesical BCG immunotherapy developed tumor recurrence, compared with 34 recurrences (65 percent) in 54 patients who received Adriamycin chemotherapy (p<0.001 X2). Of 58 randomized patients who documented CIS, the complete response was noted in 22 of 30 patients (73 percent) who received BCG administration, compared with a complete response rate of only 29 percent in 28 patients with intravesical Adrianycin treatment (p<0.001, X2). There was no significant correlation between the eifficacy of either kind of treatment and chemotherapy prior to this study, although it was likely to have resulted in unfavorable response to intravesical Adriamycin. No serious complications were observed in both treatments except in patients with bladder irritability. These data suggest that BCG immunotherapy is superior to Adriamycin chemotherapy in the prevention of recurrent superficial transitional cell carcinoma and in the treatment of CIS of the urinary bladder.View full abstractDownload PDF (773K) -
Hiroshi Kakizaki, Kazuo Numasawa, Kiichi Suzuki1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1790-1795
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new human cell line derived from a bladder carcinoma has been established in long term tissue culture.
The tissue for culture was taken from a 77-year-old male with grade 3, pT3b, undifferentiated carcinoma of bladder, who died of pulmonary and cutaneous metastases 6 weeks after total cystectomy.
Those cultured cells have been maintained for 16 months and passed 88 times.
The cell line, designated YTS-1, produced tumors in athymic nude mice and they showed the same histopathologic findings as the primary bladder carcinoma.
Chromosomal analysis of the cells at passage 65 and 83 revealed a hypertriploid number of chromosomes with a modal number of 80 or 81, and the chromosomal distribution was very stable.
The doubling time at any passage was 20.2 to 22.5 hours and the saturation density was 4.2 to 5.3×104/cm2.
Cloning efficiency was 89.6±4.7%.View full abstractDownload PDF (3613K) -
I. Drug Sensitivity Test of Cultured Human Renal Cell Carcinoma Lines by Regrowth AssayTetsuo Osawa1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1796-1804
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRegrowth assay as a sensitivity test of renal cell carcinoma to anticancer agents was performed to rule out inactive drugs and select active drugs with the least toxicity.
The target cells employed were cultured human renal cell carcinoma lines (NRC-12, KU-2) and human amniotic membrane epithelial line (FL) as a control. The drugs examined in the test were nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU), carboquone (CQ), doxorubicine hydrochloride (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (CDDP) and fluorouracil (5-FU). Each cultured cell line was exposed to these drugs to obtain the concentrations which killed 90% of the target cells (LD90). By these LD90 of each drug, therapeutic index (maximun tolerance dose of the drug/LD90), clinical index (LD90/calculated drug concentration in the blood at clinical dose) and adverse index (LD90/LD90 for FL) were calculated to compare the drugs each other.
Of the 6 drugs, CQ and ADM showed an extremely high toxicity against the two renal carcinoma lines while others showed low toxicity to them. Meanwhile the two drugs (CQ and ADM) had small adverse indexes which mean relatively low toxicity to the normal cell line.
Then serum levels of ADM which was one of the most effective agents against the two cultured renal cell lines were evaluated at clinical dosage. And also the concentrations of ADM in the normal renal parenchymal tissues and renal tumor tissues after 40mg/body intravenous injection were assayed when nephrectomy was performed.
Untill 60 to 120 minutes after 40-60mg/body intravenous injection of ADM, high serum levels of the agent lasted over the LD90 to the cultured renal cell lines. And the concentration of ADM was 5.8mcg/g in the normal renal parenchymal tissues and 3.3mcg/g in the renal tumor tissues.
The author concluded that CQ and ADM have a good clinical effect on patients with renal cell carcinoma.View full abstractDownload PDF (1271K) -
II. Adriamycin and Carboquone Combined ChemotherapyTetsuo Osawa1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1805-1813
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS49 cases with renal cell carcinoma (1978-1983) were analysed retrospectively in order to evaluate the efficacy of adriamycin and carboquone combined chemotherapy (A-C therapy) as an adjuvant chemotherapy for operative cases or the treatment for advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients.
The dose of adriamycin was 40 or 60mg per body every 3 weeks and carboquone (2mg/body) was injected on the 1st and 4th day of the first and second week. Two or three cycles were performed in a patient.
The relative 3 year survival rate of A-C adjuvant chemotherapy group (20 cases) was 72.3% (stage I, 100%, stage II and III; 75.8%, stage IV; 17.4%) and that of control group (29 cases who were treated with nephrectomy only or with another adjuvant therapy) was 61.7% (stage I; 95.3%, stage II and III; 80.2%, stage IV; 24.5%).
A-C combined chemotherapy against 9 patients with advanced and metastatic renal carcinoma were analysed by Karnofsky criteria. The results were 2 cases (22%) of I-A, 4 cases (44%) of O-A, 1 case (11%) of O-B and 2 cases (22%) of O-O. The average life span after A-C therapy according to each group of the criteria was 78 weeks for I-A, 47 weeks for O-A and B, 7 weeks for O-O. Some subjective effects were observed in 5 of the 9 patients (56%).
The main adverse effects of A-C therapy were alopetia (65%), leukopenia (61%) and loss of appetite (61%).
A-C combined chemotherapy as an adjuvant therapy after nephrectomy was effective for low stage cases and the chemotherapy to advanced cases would be valuable for relieaving their subjective symptoms.View full abstractDownload PDF (1126K) -
First Report: Normal Adult MaleMasaru Morita, Masaki Okamato, Kiyotaka Watanabe, Kenji Ochi, Masafumi ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1814-1819
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have studied 36 normal males as to abdominal straining during micturition. We considered that abdominal straining might be an individual habit. There occasionally was type 1 of abdominal straining during micturition of low volume at which sensation was weak or absent. There often was type 4 of abdominal straining during micturition of large volume. Types 2, 3 and 4 of abdominal straining all appeared of the same incidence during micturition of low volume. There was no significnt correlation between the incidence of abdominal straining and the voided volume and between the incidence of abdominal straining and age respectively. The maximum straining pressure was between 5 and 39mmHg in 93.7per cent of the subjects. There were significant differences in average flow rate (p<0.05) and voiding time (p<0.01) between the abdominal straining and nonstraining groups with micturition between first desire voided volume and 200ml. There was significant difference in voiding time (p<0.05) between the abdominal straining and nonstraining groups with micturition between 100ml and first desire voided volume. We have examined parameters of pressure-flow studies which might have relations to each type of abdominal straining. There were no significant differences in opening time and pressure between type 2 of abdominal straining and other micturitions. There were no significant differences in maximum flow rate and maximum detrusor pressure between types 2 or 3 of abdominal straining and other micturitions. There were significant differences (p<0.05) in voiding time between types 2 or 4 of abdominal straining and other micturitions with micturition between 200ml and first desire voided volume and between 100ml and first desire voided volume.View full abstractDownload PDF (831K) -
Second Report: Groups of Micturition DisordersMasaru Morita, Masaki Okamoto, Kiyotaka Watanabe, Kenji Ochi, Masafumi ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1820-1824
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have studied 15 patients with bladder neck obstruction, 70 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and 19 patients with urethral stricture in regard to abdominal straining during micturition.
Patients with micturition disorders showed a tendency to increase in incidence of abdominal straining compared to normal males. There was no significant difference in the incidence of abdominal straining between patients with micturition disorders and normal males in age between 30 and 59 years. There were no significant differences in incidence and types of abdominal straining among three groups of micturition disorders. There were no significant differences in age, voided volume, average flow rate, maximum flow rate, voiding time, residual volume, opening time and maximum detrusor pressure in the three groups except opening pressure (p<0.05) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia between the abdominal straining and nonstraining groups. There were no significant differences in parameters which might be related to each type of abdominal straining in the three groups except voided volume (p<0.01), maximum flow rate (p<0.05) and maximum detrusor pressure (p<0.05) in patients with urethral stricutre between the abdominal straining and nonstraining groups.
We considered that abdominal straining might be an individual habit in patients with micturition disorders. We further considered that they had a higher incidence of type 1 of abdominal straining than normal males because they had difficulties in initiating detrusor contraction under full sensation on account of lower urinary tract obstruction and aging. There were no significant differences in indcidence of type 2, 3 and 4 of abdominal straining and maximum straining pressure between them and normal males.View full abstractDownload PDF (655K) -
Third Report: Before and After Operation in Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaMasaru Morita, Masaki Okamoto, Kiyotaka Watanabe, Kenji Ochi, Masafumi ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1825-1830
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have studied 69 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia as to abdominal straining during micturition before and after operation.
Incidence, types and maximum pressure of abdominal straining before operation were similar to those after operation in many patients. Abdominal straining patterns before operation tended to persist after operation. There were no significant differences in age, voided volume, average and maximum flow rates, voiding time, residual volume, opening time and pressure and maximum detrusor pressure after operation between the abdominal straining and non-straining groups. There also were no significant differences in parameters which might be related to each type of abdominal straining.
There are two thoughts about persistence of abdominal straining after operation. One is that the way of micturition is an individual habit. Another is that the urinary flow increases due to abdominal straining in certain cases after operation. We could not easily study the meaning of abdominal straining by merely comparing it after operation with before operation. We considered that a great part of abdominal straining might be an individual habit.View full abstractDownload PDF (715K) -
A Trial for Determining the Borderline Between Normocalciuria and Idiopathic Hypercalciuria in JapaneseTadaichi Kitamura, Daisuke Ueda, Yoshikazu Hirano, Tadao Niijima, Take ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1831-1839
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to try to decide the borderline between normocalciuria and idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) in Japanese who have calcium-containing nephrolithiasis. Daily urinary calcium excretions were determined both on usual diet and on a calcium restricted diet in 113 calcium-containing urinary stone formers (SF) and 10 normal subjects. After oral calcium load test, 113 SF were divided into 3 groups according to the criteria reported by Pak et al. There were 82 patients with normocalciuric nephrolithiasis (NN), 11 patients wth absorptive hypercalciuria (AH) and 20 patients with renal hypercalciuria (RH). Daily urinary calcium excretion was expressed by three different parameters. i. e., mg/24hr, mg/kg BW/24hr and mg/mg creatinine.
As a result, 3.6mg/kg BW/24hr on usual diet and 2.1mg/kg BW/24hr on a calcium restricted diet were thought to be the appropriate boderline between normocalciuria and IH in Japanese although there were large overlaps.
Furthermore, it was proved that it would be better to express daily urinary calcium excretion as mg/kg BW/24hr than as mg/24hr or mg/mg creatinine because daily urinary calcium excretion was tend to be higher in males when expressed as mg/24hr and lower in males when expressed as mg/mg creatinine.View full abstractDownload PDF (840K) -
Hidenori Takayama1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1840-1850
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe permeability of testicular capillaries to the electron dense tracer lanthanum nitrate was studied in humans and rats after lanthanum perfusion from the artery and tissue immersion in lanthanum solution. Moreover, the ultrastructure of testicular capillaries was observed by routine methods using a transmission electron microscope. In human testis, lanthanum penetrated some capillaries but did not seen deep in the peritubular cell layers. It suggests that the interecellular junction between capillary endothelial cells is not freely permeable. Intertubular (ITC) and peritubular capillaries (PTC) did not show any difference in the permeability to lanthanum.
In rat testis many capillaries without distinction of ITC and PTC showed relatively free permeability and lanthanum penetrated peritubular myoid cell layers and basal lamina of the seminiferous tubules and blocked at the specialized junctions between Sertoli cells.
The ultrastructure of testicular capillaries was principally the same in humans and rats. The cytoplasm of capillary endothelium in human, however, was thick and the intercellular junction had zonula occludens and desmosome-like structure. Thus, the fine strucutre of human testicular capillary suggests a rather low degree of permeability. On the other hand, the capillary endothelium of rats was thin and the intercellar junction oftern showed a narrow gap. These capillaries are thought to be more permeable than those of humans. The capillary endothelium of rats is not the site of the blood-testis barrier but that of humans is thought to be an incomplete permeability barrier and the site of active transport of substances.View full abstractDownload PDF (10958K) -
1. Classification of Human Bladder Carcinomas Using Flow CytometryMasaaki Tachibana, Soh Nakamura, Taro Shibayama, Seido Jitsukawa, Nobu ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1851-1856
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlow cytometric DNA analysis (FCM) was performed in 125 human bladder biopsy specimens.
All 25 biopsy specimens which were histologically diagnosed as either normal or benign transitional epithelium revealed a diploid pattern of DNA-histograms. However, of 100 biopsy specimens which were histologically proven to be transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, 54 showed a diploid pattern, whereas the other 46 an aneuploid pattern.
An aneuploid pattern was shown in 24 (52.2%) patients with grade-III, 14 (30.4%) with grade-II, four (8.7%) with grade-I and four with in situ carcinoma of the bladder.
An objective description of FCM characteristics was analyzed using the heterogeneity index (HI) which may reflect the relative mean DNA content in whole cell populations by computer measurement of FCM.
The mean HI of 25 normal and benign tissue was 2.103±0.054. The 20 grade-I and 51 grade-II tunors had a mean HI of 2.34±0.535 and 2.522±1.018, respectively. Meanwhile, 25 grade-III tumors had a marked increase in HI of 3.413±0.642. Statistical differences were observed between benign tisue and grade-II and grade-III tumors (p<0.05).
These data suggested that the HI of flow cytometric DNA analysis can guantify the objective description of FCM characteristics and a histochemical index which may distinguish the degree of the tumor malignancy.View full abstractDownload PDF (643K) -
2. Comparison Between Bladder Biopsy Specimens and Bladder Irrigation Samples by Flow Cytometric DNA-HistogramMasaaki Tachibana, Soh Nakamura, Taro Shibayama, Seido Jitsukawa, Nobu ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1857-1863
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlow cytometric examinations (FCM) were carried out in 56 patients with histologically proven bladder carcinoma, and bladder biopsy specimens and bladder irrigation specimens obtained simultaneously were used for analysis.
In 49 (87.5%) of the 56 patients, the results of the FCM examinations of the biopsy specimens were identical with those of the irrigation specimens. Eight (73%) of 11 patients with grade-I transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder showed a diploid pattern, whereas 15 (88.2%) of 17 patients with grade-III transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder showed an aneuploid pattern in both the biopsy specimens and bladder irrigation specimens. There were five patients who showed a diploid pattern in the biopsy specimens but had an aneuploid pattern in the bladder irrigation specimens. Of the five patients, four continued to have abnormal results of FCM of the bladder irrigation specimens and urine cytology after transurethral resection of the tumors.
Flow cytometric DNA-histograms of the bladder irrigation specimens were found to represent those of the bladder biopsy specimens and were able to detect occult neoplastic lesions in the bladder, which may provide a useful guideline for monitoring the course of the disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
3. Correlation Between Urinary Cytology and Flow CytometryMasaaki Tachibana, Soh Nakamura, Taro Shibayama, Seido Jitsukawa, Nobu ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1864-1867
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFlow cytometric DNA-histogram (FCM) of bladder irrigation specimens were compared with conventional urine cytology to find whether there is any difference in the yield of positive rates. Of 56 patients who had histologically proven bladder carcinoma, 24 (42.9%) had positive urine cytology and 41 (73.2%) has positive flow cytometric results. However, 80.4% of all patients had positive urine cytology and/or FCM results, showing higher positive rates when these two parameters were used combination than when used individually. When bladder carcinomas were classified according to the grade, positive rates obtained by using these parameters in combination were 72.7% in grade-I, 78.6% in grade-II and 88.2% in grade-III, which indicated again that higher positive rates could be achieved even in bladder carcinomas of low grades.
Flow cytometric analysis of bladder irrigation specimens is a useful method not only for the detection of bladder carcinoma but also for the monitoring of the disease, and it can further contribute to an accurate diagnosis of bladder carcinoma when combined with conventional urine cytology.View full abstractDownload PDF (558K) -
Tomonori Yamanishi, Yoshio Shiseki, Tatsuo Igarashi, Shino Murakami, N ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1868-1873
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNinety-six patients with functional enuresis were treated by bladder training. The results revealed that twenty-eight patients (29%) showed excellent, thirty-six (38%) showed good, and thirty-two (33%) showed poor. And overall 24 patients (25%) were cured.
In order to evaluate results, the patients were divided into three age groups; patients under 7 years old, patients over 7 and under 11 years old and patients over 11 years old. The number of improved patients in the group over 11 years old were significantly larger than that of the group under 7 years old (p<0.01). The number of improved patients in the group over 11 years old were also significantly larger than those of the two groups under 11 years old (p<0.025).
The bladder capacities were signibicantly increased at any age group (under 7 years old, p<0.05; over 7 and under 11 years old, p<0.01; over 11 years old, p<0.001). The bladder capacities in the improved patients were found to have much more increase than those of non-improved patients (p<0.025).
From above results we may conclude that the bladder training is a useful treatment for enuresis and could be placed in the first choice of treatment for enuresis except for the younger patients who are unable to understand the meaning of the method.View full abstractDownload PDF (739K) -
A Report of a CaseYoshiro Sakamoto, Masami Murata, Takeshi Fukushima, Makoto Morozumi, Y ...1986 Volume 77 Issue 11 Pages 1874-1878
Published: November 20, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is a case report of a carcinoid tumor which developed in the right testis. The patient was a 50-year-old male who had a chief complaint of a painful scrotal swelling of 14-month duration. Right radical orchiectomy was performed under a diagnosis of testicular tumor. Subsequently pathological diagnosis was established as carcinoid tumor of the testis, which was also confirmed by the tissue level of 5-HT (serotonin). X-ray study and hormonal blood tests could not demonstrate any other tumors anywhere else; therefore, clinically the diagnosis of a primary carcinoid tumor of the right testis was established.
Our present case is the 38th case of primary carcinoid tumor of the testis reported in the English literature and the 4th case in the Japanese literature.View full abstractDownload PDF (3809K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|