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Volume 61, Issue 1
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Kazuhiro Shirai1970 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 1-27
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn recent years, studies of the diagnosis and treatment of bladder tumors have remarkably advanced. But as the treatment in so-called “terminal stage”, there is only palliative therapy (urinary diversion) in order to maintain the renal function and reduce the vesical symptom. So, first, the experimental induction of bladder tumors was attempted as for 50 mongrel dogs by the method of oral administration of β-naphthylamine. As a result, benign and malignant tumors appeared in 24 bladders between 11 months and 42 months. Second, a study was made on the effect of urinary diversion upon the experimentally produced bladder tumors.
The urinary diversion group comprised 12 cases (which had been dead within 3 months), 7 cases (between 3 and 6 months) and 3 cases (beyond 6 months); the control group, 1 case (within 3 months), 4 cases (between 3 and 6 months) and 2 cases (beyond 6 months). The preoperative findings was compared with postoperative ones of the urinary diversion and control groups from macroscopic and microscopic examinations. On stage: regarding the urinary diversion group, it was found that all showed a malignant tendency except one case, and the control group was the same. On grade: regarding the urinary diversion group, there were no changes in the malignant tendency in 3 cases, slight changes in 6, and remarkable changes in 6, and regarding the control group, there were no changes in 1 case and moderate changes in 6. On macroscopic findings there was no evidence of regression.
It is concluded that diversion of the urinary stream does not inhibit the growth of β-naphthylamineinduced tumors of the bladder in dogs. But, from a clinical standpoint, it is considered that urinary diversion should be done in order to reduce vesical symptoms which are seen in case of inoperable bladder tumors.View full abstractDownload PDF (17017K) -
Masuhiro Noda1970 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 28-36
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHuman serum adenosine deaminase (ADD) activity was measured on 20 normal subjects. The range of the observed values, the mean value and the normal value are 0.22-0.68, 0.44±0.06 and 0.44±0.27 (NH3μM/ml/hour), respectively. An increased activity of human serum ADD was found in cases of chronic pyelonephritis, renal tuberculosis, prostatic hypertrophy, prostatic cancer and bladder cancer. No absulote disease specificity was observed. Neither was the change in the urinary ADD activity found to be disease specific. The activity was generally increased in the diseases of the urinary tract. Human kidney ADD activity tended to increase in chronic pyelonephritis and renal tuberculosis, but not so in the cases of Grawitz's tumor. None of these diseases displayed a significantly high adenosinemonophosphate deaminase (AMPD) activities.
The ADD activity of rat kidney with incomplete ligation of the unilateral ureter was found to be increased in the 1st week after the operation. The increased activity returned to normal at the 6th week. The AMPD activity increased slightly in the 1st week and temporarily returned to normal in the 2nd week. Forced feeding of NH4Cl (2.5mM) twice daily resulted in a slight rise of ADD activity in rat kidney. The ADD activity of the rabbit kidney cortex was significantly increased with the lapse of the 3rd to the 4th month after the unilateral ureter was ligated incompletely. The change in AMPD was found to be biphasic in that increased activity were observed at the 3rd week and the 6th month after the operation. The ADD activity of the medulla was significantly increased in the 6th month. The AMPD activity, however, was not increased.
The ADD activity tended to increase when the kidney function was disturbed. Significance of this finding was disscussed in relation to the role of ammonia metabolism in the kidney.View full abstractDownload PDF (959K) -
Tomoo Hoshino1970 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 37-42
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQuantitative measurement of serum protein subfractions by antibody absorption method was investigated for the purpose to follow up its changes in human and canine renal homotransplantation. The method is as follows:
Sera for examinations are successively diluted with dilution rate H (H<1) in a series of tubes, A certain antiserum is added to each tube and the antibody is absorbed. The supernatants of each tube are reacted against pooled sera in agar electrophoresis and the equivalent points of the respective subfraction are obtained, After the same manner the equivalent point of standard serum of known protein subfractions is determined. As protein subfraction value at the equivalent point using the same antiserum must be even, the protein subfraction value of unknown sample serum may be calculated by comparing the value of standard serum.
The accuracy of protein subfraction values measured by the above mentioned method was investigated by comparing the values measured by the Fahey's method on Ig-M, Ig-G, Beta 1c/1A, Alpha -M. The correlation between the values by two methods was very close, therefore it is considered that the reliability of the value obtained by this method is very high.
The serum protein fractions of 52 healthy human and 20 normal dogs were quantitatively measured by this method.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
Tomoo Hoshino1970 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 43-60
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes of serum protein fractions in renal homotransplantation were studied specially in relation to rejection. The protein fractions were measured in canine renal homotransplantation combined with or without steroid therapy. Renal autotransplantation and nephrectomized cases were studied as controls. The protein fractions were measured in 5 clinical cases of renal homotransplantation.
Serum protein fractions were measured by paper electrophoresis and further the subfractions were measured by antibody absorption method.
1) Serum α2-globulin was increased after renal homotransplantation, however similar change was also noticed in renal autotransplantation, therefore it is not considered as specific to renal homotransplantation.
2) The increase of α2-lipoprotein at rejection after renal homotransplantation was characteristic. It was not noticed in renal autotransplantation. Other protein subfractions tend to decrease at rejection, specially the decrease of Ig-M was characteristic.
3) The changing pattern of protein subfractions at initial rejection and late rejection was similar, however the changes at initial rejection was acute and intensive and the changes at late rejection was chronic and mild and then it became gradually irreversible.
4) The follow up of Ig-M is an excellent method for diagnosis of rejection and for prognosis of renal transplantation.
5) Discussions were given about the relation between serum lipoprotein and isoantigen, and the problem of complement and immunoglobulin in renal homotransplantation.
6) The changes of serum protein at rejection was compared with the changes of serum protein caused by immunosuppression, renal insufficiency and autoimmune diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (2237K) -
Hisashi Kuwatsuka, Taihei Amamoto, Katsuhiko Mori1970 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 61-72
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince September 1962, hemodialysis have been performed on patients with renal failure by Kolff-Twin-Coil type (Travenol) at the Department of Urology, Nagasaki University Hospital.
1) Twenty seven times of hemodialysis was performed on 20 patients with acute renal failure. One patient survived and one patient received renal transplantation among 11 patients until Sept-68, however in the recent 9 cases, 4 cases (44%) survived and some improvement in survival rate is noticed.
2) Two hundred and forty two times hemodialysis were performed on 27 patients with chronic renal failure. There were 9 patients on a long term hemodialysis program and 6 patients received renal transplantation. All patients died except the two who are now on hemodialysis. Two patients survived more than one year from the beginning of hemodialysis and the maximum survival date was 16 months.
3) Results of slow dialysis performed on two patients at the same time and by the same Kolff-Twin-Coil were as good as the results of rapid dialysis in BUN, creatinine, serum electrolytes and acid-base balance.
4) By improving the dialysate constituents and performing on two patients at the same time slow dialysis as above mentioned method, it was possible to control the dialysis hypertension and suppress the dialysis disequilibrium syndrome.
5) As to the change of blood glucose in dialysis, the blood glucose curve at inlet and outlet showed quite different pattern between group of glucose 1g/dl contained dialysate used and group of xylitol 1g/dl used. Dialysis hyperglycemia and one hour post dialysis hypoglycemia seen in group of glucose 1g/dl used, were not recognized in group of xylitol 1g/dl used.
6) Biochemical change of serum, extra cellular fluid and cerebrospinal fluid were investigated in hemodialysis by using of dialysate contained xylitol 1g/dl. No biochemical difference was seen between serum and the extra cellular phase before and after the 8 hours slow dialysis. There was also no difference in change of the osmotic gradient between serum and cerebrospinal fluid before and after the 8 hours slow dialysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1756K) -
Keisuke Kondo1970 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 73-82
Published: 1970
Released on J-STAGE: July 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe produced experimental pyelonephritis by the injection of coli form bacteria in the following four groups of mice: 1) a group of injection into the tail vein, 2) a group of injection into the tail vein after ligating the unilateral ureter, 3) a group of injection into the renal pelvis, 4) a group of injection into the renal pelvis after ligating the unilateral ureter. The serum bactericidal effects were studied and at the same time the numbers of bacteria and histologic findings of the kidney were compared.
Marked decrease of the serum bactericidal effects was recognized temporarily in the all groups immediately after the infection.
In the group of injection into the tail vein, the decrease of the serum bactericidal effects were recognized in 70% of the animal after two weeks to two months, and pictures of inflamation were recognized histologically in 15-50% of the animals. Bacteria in the kidney could not be found.
In the group of injection into the tail vein after ligating the unilateral ureter, pictures of inflamation were recognized histologically in over 50% of the animals after two months, and on the other hand the serum bactericidal effects were disturbed in 35% of the total cases.
In the group of injection into the renal pelvis, the disturbances of the serum bactericidal effects were recognized in 100% of the animals after one to five days of the infection, and the serum bactericidal effects returned to normal levels within 14 days with decreases of pictures of pyelonephritis and numbers of bacteria in the kidney in the all cases.
In the group of injection into the renal pelvis after ligating the unilateral ureter, pictures of pyelonephritis and bacteria in the kidney were recognized in high frequency during 2 months, neverthless the serum bactericidal effects increased gradually after five days and returned to normal in two months.View full abstractDownload PDF (1261K)
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