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Volume 71, Issue 8
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Chizuko KOBAYASHI1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 739-754
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing a radioimmunoassay method, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels were measured inthe sera of normal adults, pregnant women, newborn, infants, children and patients withvarious liver diseases to compare with primary liver carcinoma.
1. The upper limit of normal value was 9.1ng/ml.
2. During pregnancy, the maximum peak of AFP levels was found in 7th monthof gestation.
3. The time course of the ratio of maternal AFP to fetal weight was correlatedwith that of fetal AFP level during the growth.
4. AFP lebel decreased to normal in one year. Notable was the finding that AFP levelin neonatal hepatitis was higher than in congenital choledochus atresia.
5. Positive results were obtained in 27 of 30 patients with primary liver carcinoma.
6. Patients with other liver diseases have lower AFP levels. Among patients withfulminant hepatitis and subacute hepatitis, those who survived had had high AFP levels.AFP levels in the acute phase of hepatitis increased 1.2weeks after the increase of serumglutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. 46% of patients with chronic active hepatitis were AFPpositive. In contrast, all of the patients with chronic inactive hepatitis were negative.
7. The upper limit of AFP in liver cirrhosis was 206.9ng/ml.View full abstractDownload PDF (2083K) -
Tohru YOKOMURA1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 755-763
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe bile acid composition of human, rat and hamster bile was determined before andafter administration of antibiotics. A mixture of tetracycline and oleandomycin, oleandomycinstreptomycin or chloramphenicol was administered orally, intraperitoneally or intramuscularly.Bile acids were extracted with chloroform/methanol 1: 1 and analysed by combination ofTLC-GLC and TLC-colorimetric procedures. The ratio of glycine to taurine conjugates (G/T ratio) and the ratio of deoxycholate to chenodeoxycholate (DC/CDC ratio) weredetermined.
Both G/T and DC/CDC ratios showed a very wide range of individual variations inhuman bile. After oral administration of antibiotics, these ratios were decreased and therange of variation was makedly reduced.
In rat bile glycine conjugates almost completely disappeared after oral administrationor injection of antibiotics. The decrease of G/T ratio was shown by oral administrationof non-absorbable antibiotics almost to the same extent as absorbable ones.
G/T ratio was also decreased in hamster bile after the antibiotic treatment. DC/CDCratio was decreased by oral administration of antibiotics, but it was not decreased when theantibiotics were given by injection.
The oral administration of a mixture of tetracycline and oleandomycin caused an unusualincrease in ursodeoxycholate in humans, and an increase in unidentified bile acid componentin rats.
The use of antibiotics seems to give an influence on the balance of glycine and taurineconjugates through their effects on the bacterial flora in intestinal lumen as well as throughthe direct effect on the conjugation system in liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (4046K) -
Yukio YOSHIMURA, Tetuzo INOGUCHI1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 764-776
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe function of intestinal absorption and gastric and pancreatic secretion were observedto evaluate several factors affected to intestinal absorption in cases of carinoma of esophagusand gastric cardia after operation. To compare fat absorption and assimilation betweenMedium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) and Long Chain Triglyceride (LCT), 14C-labeled fatswere used. The effect of different types of anastomosis; i.e. Billroth I and BillrothII type-pathway, and also the effect of truncal vagotomy on digestion and absorptionof fats was studied.
In results, the types of anastomosis and truncal vagotomy had no significant effect ondigestion and absorption of carbohydrate, but the digestion and absorption of protein andfat were impaired after operation, especially in fat. In Billroth I type-pathway, the impaireddigestion and absorption were slight. In Billroth II type-pathway, imbalance in the mixingtime of the diet and the digestive juice according to the dumping of ingested food into jejunumand quick passage through the jejunum; so called pancreatico-cibal asynchrony, probablycaused impaired digestion of fat.
It was considered that truncal vagotomy had caused steatorrhea in the early stageof postoperation.
Gastric remnant and reconstructive stomach almost lost its secretory function after operationof esophageal cancer, but pancreatic exocrine secretory function was remainedafter vagotomy.
Intestinal absorption of MCT was better than it of LCT even in cases of postoperativemalabsorption. So MCT administration is considered as effective method for caloric intakein cases of esophageal cancer and cancer of gastric cardia, which have operative risk and takelong time for the recovery in the function of digestion and absorption after operation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1991K) -
Part 1. Attempts to separate the alkaline phosphatase isozymes by means of disc eleatrophoresisKazuo NAWATA1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 777-783
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is well known that polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis has excellent resolutionability of proteins and is often applied to the separation of serum enzymes. In this paper, serum alkaline phosphatase isozymes in patients with hepatic diseases, were separated bymeans of disc electrophoresis with slight modification and agar gel electrophoresis. Thesetwo methods were compared and following results were obtained. Serum alkaline phosphataseisozymes were classified into 7 types by acrylamide gel electrophoresis with 5% smallpore Gel and TRIS-borate buffer in electrode vessels, and was proved that the alkaline phosphataseisozymes were more clearly separated by disc electrophoresis than by agargel electrophoresis.
This fact indicated the detection of alkaline phosphatase isozymes by disc electrophoresismight be usefull for the clinical application.View full abstractDownload PDF (4420K) -
Part 2. Alkaline phosphatase isozymes in the serum of various liver diseasesKazuo NAWATA1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 784-798
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSerum alkaline phosphatase isozymes were clearly separated by means of disc electrophoresis as described in part one of this paper, and might be useful for the differential diagnosis of liver diseases and the detection of original organ of the enzyme. Therefore, serum alkaline phosphatase in liver diseases was investigated by this method, and also, performed heat inactivation and L-phenylalanine inhibition in reference to original organs of alkaline phosphatase isozymes. The serum alkaline phosphatase isozymes in hepatoma and metastatic liver canser showed increased alkaline phosphatase isozyme at original point of the small pore Gel and liver alkaline phosphatase, and decreased bone alkaline phosphatase. This pattern of alkaline phosphatase isozymes was also seen in the early stage of liver cancer when other tests were negative. The intestinal alkaline phosphatase was seen in the most cases of liver cirrhosis and in a certain cases of hepatitis which indicated clinical value. Variant alkaline phosphatase of hepatoma, placental alkaline phosphatase and intestinal alkaline phosphatase were strongly inhibited by L-phenylalanine, and placental alkaline phosphatase is heatstable.View full abstractDownload PDF (3944K) -
The Review of the Japanese Articlcs for the Past 30 YearsYoshiko SAMESHIMA, Yasuko SHIOZAKI, Takako MIZUNO, Mineko SASAKAWA, At ...1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 799-807
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDrug-induced hepatic injury is one of the most important problem in medical practicein recent years in Japan.
We collected 2, 862 cases of drug-induced hepatic injury reported in the Japanesearticles published in the 30year period of 1944 to 1973.
The clinical manifestations, methods of diagnosis, pathogeneses (allergic or hepatotoxic) and prognoses of the hepatic injuries were statistically analysed.
The number of cases in each decade was as follows: the first decade (1944-1953): 88cases, the second decade (1954-1963): 231 cases, the third decade (1964-1973): 2, 543 cases.Eighty eight point nine percent of total cases were reported in the last ten years. Ten ofthe most common drugs which caused hepatic derangement were thorium dioxide, 4-4'dietylaminoethoxy hexestrol, ethionamide, chlorpromazine, erythromycin estolate, PAS, arsphenamine sodium, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ajmaline in descending order offrequency. The commonclinical pictures were fever, gastrointestinal discomfort, jaundice, hepatomegaly and less frequently skin eruption. The most cases were diagnosed withoutdifficulty on thebasis of the clinical history, however, in some cases, readministration test ofsuspected drug was also performed as a diagnostic aid.
The most common drugs reported to have high mortality due to severe hepatic impairmentwere thorium dioxide, pyrazinamide and halothane in descending order.
Four hundred and twenty six cases of drug or poison ingestion for suicidal purpose, accidental inhalation or ingestion of industrial or agricultural chemicals and ingestion ofpoison contaminated food were also collected.View full abstractDownload PDF (1166K) -
Katsumoto KATO, Naoharu TAKEYAMA, Takeshi TAKEI, Masahiro MORISHIMA, K ...1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 808-817
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSClinical features, blood biochemical tests and tests depending on sugar metabolism wereanalyzed in 25 patients with fatty liver and histological evolution was studied in 4 cases ofthem. The following results were obtained.
1. Most of the fatty liver cases without liver fibrosis were obese and showed abnormalBSP retention, slightly high transaminases and remarkably high serum triglyceride. Resultsof other liver function tests including galactose tolerance test were normal. These results areconsidered to be useful for differential diagnosis of fatty liver from chronic hepatitis. On theother hand, the fatty liver cases with fibrosis were similar to chronic hepatitis cases in resultsof blood biochemical tests.
2. Characteristic results useful for screening of fatty liver were hardly obtained in responsesof blood glucose, serum IRI, serum FFA and its fatty acid composition after oralglucose (50g) load. Fatty liver cases showed rather gradual decrease of serum FFA followingoral glucose load compared with the other liver disease. But this phenomenon isconsidered to be more dependent to obesity than to fatty liver itself.
3. After oral glucose load, hyperresponses of serum IRI were demonstrated in mostof the patients with fatty liver, but the very low responses were shown in some of patients withdiabetic glucose tolerance. Insulin secretion had no correlation with grade of obesity in fattyliver. These results suggests that fatty liver depends on many causative factors, one of whichis diabetes mellitus.
4. In 2 fatty liver cases with obesity, remarkable decrease of fat droplets in liver cellswas observed after treatment of obesity. In one heavy drinker who could abstain from winefatty droplets disappeared, but in another heavy drinker whose abstinence was incomplete, fatty droplets decreased slightly.View full abstractDownload PDF (1327K) -
1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 818-830
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2353K) -
1974 Volume 71 Issue 8 Pages 831-837
Published: August 05, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1191K)
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