Nippon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi
Online ISSN : 1349-7693
Print ISSN : 0446-6586
Volume 78, Issue 10
Displaying 1-19 of 19 articles from this issue
  • Shigeki OKAZAKI
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1889-1895
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    N-Methyl-N-amylnitrosamine was given to 75 male Wistar rats in the drinking water at a concentration of 0.003% for 8 weeks. Three rats were autopsied weekly from the first to the 25th week. The stages of hyperplasia, dysplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma in the esophagus were chronologically observed. Hyperplasia and dysplasia were found by the 6th week and continuously observed until the end of the experiment. Early squamous cell carcinoma was found in the 13th week. They showed endophytic or exophytic growths. Histologically, the endophytic growths were welldifferentiated squamous cell carcinomas and the exophytic growths were poorly-differentiated. Advanced carcinomas were first found in the 15th week and were almost well-differentiated. Carcinomas increased with time, being 9 out of 15 rats (60%) in the final 21st through 25th week. Lymph node metastasis was found in one rat, killed at the 24th week. No differences were found in the location of the esophageal tumors.
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  • Kazuhiko ISHIHARA, Susumu OHARA, Yoshiteru AZUUMI, Kyoko HOTTA, Masao ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1896-1900
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effects of two antiulcer durgs, Cimetidine and Cetraxate, on the biosynthetic activity of mucus glycoproteins were examined by using the organ culture of rat gastric mucosa. Synthesis of mucus glycoproteins, as assessed by incorporation of [14C] glucosamine, were accelerated to 130-150% of control by the addition of 1-10μM of Cimetidine or 20μM of Cetraxate. On the other hand, [35S] sulfate incorporation into mucosal glycoproteins was lowered to half as much as control value by 1-100μM of Cimetidine or 20μM of Cetraxate. These results suggest that Cetraxate and Cimetidine may enhance the biosynthesis but inhibit the sulfation of gastric mucus glycoproteins.
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  • Jun TAKAKURA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1901-1907
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To search on the genesis of gastric ulcer, histochemical and histological studies were performed on stress ulcer in water immersion restrained rat and the contents of cyclic nucleotides in gastric mucosa, muscle layer and ulcers were measured, using radioimmunoassay combined with Lowry's microassay method modified by Numano.
    All rats restrained in water immersion exhibited spotty and/or linear erosions in their gastric wall. Histological studies revealed these ulcers occur at the folds of the gastric mucosa and developed concentrically towards the muscle layers. Ulcers revealed no activities of LDH, SDH, however, their activates in gastric mucosa neighbored to ulcer showed the same activities as those in normal mucosa, that is, positive and negative activities were sharply or linearly differentiated at the boundary of ulcers. Alkaline phosphatase activity was demonstrated equally in the deeper layer of gastric mucosa.
    The contents of cyclic AMP on the non-ulcer lesion of the mucosa of stress rat revealed a statistical significant high levels as compared with those in normal control (p<0.01). On the other hand, the contents of cyclic GMP in ulcer lesions revealed a significant high levels compared with those in control mucosa. The content of cyclic AMP in muscle layer of stress rat was statistically significantly low as compared with those in control muscle.
    These data suggest that stress ulcer results in the destruction of mucosal barrier, and that the high levels of cyclic AMP in gastric mucosa of stress rat may reflect the increased metabolism in mucosal cells to secrate some substances cause ulcers, on which the further studies should be required.
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  • Yuuichi MATSUZAWA, Michio MIYATA, Shintaro ARIMA, Yasuhiko MORIOKA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1908-1914
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fate and role of the gastrin in the gastric lumen was studied. (1) Twenty dogs were subjected to complete removal of G-I tract except the fundic area of the stomach which were utilized as a gastric pouch. Synthetic human gastrin (SHG) or 125I-SHG were infused into the fundic pouch and blood samples from portal vein were collected for determining gastrin concentration. (2) Fundic pouch together with feeding artery and draining vein were isolated from 5 dogs and perfused with oxygenated blood in a small chamber containing lactate-Ringer's solution. SHG was infused into the fundic pouch and blood samples were collected from draining vein. Using newly deviced intra-gastric titration system, all these fundic pouches were perfused to maintain the intra-gastric pH to 8.4.
    Results, (1) SHG in the gastric perfusates (pH 8.4) is transferred into the blood circulation, (2) luminal gastrin (SHG) hardly participates in the stimulation of the acid secretion.
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  • (5TH REPORT) Effect of Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced liver Injury
    Hajime NAKAMURA, Kenzo KOBAYASHI, Tetsuo ARAKAWA, Mitsuru HATAYAMA, Te ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1915-1919
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effect of carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury on the prostaglandin E2 levels in rat gastric mucosa was investigated. Male Wistrar rate were given carbon tetrachloride twice a week for 10 and 25 weeks. Mucosal prostaglandin E2 was extracted, purified and determined according to the previous report.
    The levels of mucosal prostaglandin E2 were decreased both in fundus and antrum in rat treated with carbon tetrachloride (10 weeks: 0.66±0.07 μg/g and 1.58±0.90 μg/g, 25 weeks: 0.84±0.18, μg/g and 1.73±0.13, μg/g) compared with controls (1.09±0.08, μg/g and 2.43±0.36, μg/g). Furthermore, 0.2N HCl induced gastric lesions was enhanced in the rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (ulcer index: 12.8±2.0) compared with controls (ulcer index: 2.2±0.7).
    These results suggest that in rats with CCl4 induced liver damage, decrease of PGE2 in gastric mucosa enhanced 0.2 N Hcl induced gastric lesions.
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  • Significant Increase of Plasma Secretin Concentrations after a Meal in Man
    Shin-ichiro WATANABE, Keiko SHIRATORI, Tadashi TAKEUCHI
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1920-1928
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Institute of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical School A sensitive, specific and reproducible radioimmunoassay for secretin has been developed. Synthetic procine secretin was iodinated by a modification of chloramine-T method. Purification and separation of labelled from unlabelled secretin was carried out by a two-step procedure incorporating gel filtration and ion-excharge chromatography. The labelled preparation had a specific radioactivity of 150-200μCi/μg.
    Plasma secretin was purified and concentrated by ethanol extraction for eliminating a nonspecific interfering substance (s) in plasma with assay system. The detection limit was 10pg/ml. Intra-and inter-assay precision was 51.±3.1 and 16.8±1.6pg/ml (mean±S. D.), respectively. Plasma secretin concentrations in response to ingestion of a test meal were studied in 15 healthy subjects. The mean fasting plasma secretin concentration was 21.1±1.4pg/ml (mean±S. E.). Ingestion of a meal resulted in significant increase in the plasma secretin concentrations. This result apparently indicates that secretin plays a physiological role in stimulating the pancreatic secretion after a meal in man.
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  • Toshio TAKIZAWA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1929-1935
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Transport of endogenous secretin across the human placenta and influence of the maternal secretin on the embryonal development of digestive organs were investigated.
    1) Serum secretin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay immediately after delivery.
    Mean secretin levels were 47.2±15.7pg/ml in the mixed umbilical blood and 95.5±25.0pg/ml in the maternal venous blood. There was significant differrence beween each blood samples. (p<0.05)
    2) Secretin (Secrepan) was administered successively to pregnant mice and stomach of the newborn was morphologically and histologically observed. Newborn stomach of secretin administered group was 20.1% lighter in weight, was 26.0% smaller in size on the average, and was hypoplastic histologically.
    The results indicated that maternal secretin crosses over the placenta in a very low percentage and when a large dose is given to the mother, secretin evokes anti-trophic action on the fetal stomach.
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  • Part 1. With Special Reference to the Coagulation and Fibrinolytic System
    Masahito UEMURA, Hiroshi FUKUI, Takuji YAMADA, Masahiko MATSUMURA, Kim ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1936-1946
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To clarify the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal bleeding in fulminant hepatitis, acute hepatic failure of rabbits induced by intravenous administration of 1g/kg D-galactosamine HCL was investigated with special reference to the coagulation and fibrinolytic system.In addition, the influence of heparin was also examined. Endotoxemia was detected early at 9th hour after galactosamine injection, and serial coagulation studies showed an occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) at terminal stage prior to death in most cases. Autopsy revealed gastrointestinal erosions in 24 of 28 rabbits, 3 of which were accompanied by gastrointestinal ulcer at the stage UL II to IV; two in the gastric antrum and one in the duodenum. The gastric erosions were far more common in the fundus and corpus than in the antrum. In all 3 cases of ulcer and 2 cases of erosion numerous fibrin thrombi were recognized in the mucosa and submucosa, which suggests that these lesions were caused by severe mucosal ischemia due to microthrombosis. In the heparin-treated group, mucosal damage was significantly alleviated in the gastric corpus and fundus and the formation of ulcer and microthrombosis were prevented. These results led to the conclusion that the microcirculatory disturbances associated with DIC may play an important role in the development of gastrointestinal bleeding in acute hepatic failure. Heparin is effective for the prevention of gastrointestinal lesions when appropriately administered.
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  • II. Effects of Treatment of Target Cells with Anti-HBs Antibody
    Akitaka NONOMURA, Isao NISHIMURA, Hiroshi KURUMAYA, Joji HARATAKE, Koj ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1947-1952
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Chang liver cells were coated with purified HBsAg using bisdiazotized benzidine reagents and cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocyes from patients with chronic hepatitis and healthy subjects against HBsAg-coated Chang cells was studied before and after treatment of HBsAg-coated targed cells with rabbit anti-HBs antibody.
    Significant T-cell mediated cytotoxicity against HBsAg-coated Chang cells observed in patients with chronic hepatitis was significantly blocked after anti-HBs antibody treatment, indicating that cytotoxic reactions of T-cells were directed against HBsAg on the target cells.
    Non T-cell cytotoxicity against HBsAg-coated hepatocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis was unchanged before and after treatment with anti-HBs antibody, whereas those of healthy subjects were significantly increased after treatment with anti-HBs antibody. Augumentation of non-T cell cytotoxicity after anti-HBs antibody treatment in healthy subjects was blocked by aggreagated human IgG, indicating that enhanced cytotoxic reactions were mediated by Fc-receptor positive lymhocytes. As a mechanism of the cytotoxicity was seemed to be an Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Failure of enhancement of non T-cell cytotoxicity after anti-HBs antibody treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis is considered to be the results of decreased K-cell activity in chronic hepatitis as we reported perviously.
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  • Masahiko MORITA, Takanori ONO, Masao OHTO, Kunio KIMURA, Kunio OKUDA
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1953-1961
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Duodenal bile was collected from 19 patients with liver cirrhosis and 9 controls, and analyzed for biliary lipids (bile acid, lecithin and cholesterol), bile pigments, bile acid composition and the ratio of glycine to taurine in conjugated bile acids (G/T). There was no difference between the cirrhotics and controls in biliary lipids composition or in the ratio of bile pigments to biliary lipids. In patients with liver cirrhosis, the percentage of chenodeoxycholic acid in bile increased significantly (p<0.01) and that of deoxycholic acid decreased (p<0.05), and G/T showed a significantly low value (p<0.01). These abnormalities were more marked in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis.
    Systemic serum bile acids in fasting were determined in 36 patients with liver cirrhosis, and bile acids in portal blood serum in 13 of them. Systemic serum bile acids ranged 6.7-127.7μmol/l(mean 30.9μmol/l) and were correlated with 15 min. ICG retention (r=0.544). The values of systemic serum bile acid in patients had no relation to the presence of esophageal varices or elevation of portal pressure. The values of portal serum bile acid were higher than those of systemic serum bile acid in every patients, and there was a significant correlation (r=0.747).
    Our results suggest as follows; (1) Determination of biliary bile acid composition is usefull to estimate liver damage in the cirrhotics. (2) Serum bile acid values in liver cirrhosis do not seemed to be a more sensitive index of liver damage than conventional liver function test. (3) The increase in systemic and portal serum bile acid concentration in liver cirrhosis is mainly due to a decrease in hepatic extraction of bile acids with a decrease of hepatic blood flow.
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  • Yoshitane KOSAKA, Shozo AKEDA, Isao KONDO, Yoshiro OKUDA, Masayoshi HA ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1962-1968
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Swiss albino mice were fed a diet containing 2.5 percent griseofulvin (GF) for 4 to 8 months in order to induce Mallory bodies (MBs) experimentally in the liver. Parts of the livers were obtained at various periods, and processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Light microscopic findings revealed that hepatocytes including clustered MBs were ballooned. It appeared the positive correlation between periods of GF feeding and increase in MBs. After 6 weeks' GF free period, MBs were still present, although much less in number. When GF diet was resumed, MBs increased rapidly. Electron microscopic findings revealed that MBs consisted of clustered fibrils with 150 A in diameter, which were arranged in a random manner and were not delineated by a membrane.
    Among three subtypes of MBs classified by Yokoo et al, in our experimental model, Types II and III MBs were present but there was no Type I. Some of MBs were in contact with nuclear membrane, mitochondria and microsomes.
    These results further support the hypothesis that MBs are related to intermediate filaments and GF induce increase of these filaments.
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  • Akira TAKADA, Hiromichi NAKAYA, Shujiro TAKASE, Jinichi NEI, Yoshiro M ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1969-1975
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fifty one cases of post-operative or post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis were devided into 2 groups according to their incubations; the short incubation type and the long incubation type. Most cases of epidemically observed patients and all cases without blood transfusion showed incubation period shorter than 4 weeks. On the other hand, most cases of posttransfusion without relationship to opertion and a few cases of epidemically observed patients showed incubation period longer than 5 weeks. In the short incubation type, acute illness was severer, but long-term prognosis was better than that in the cases of the long incubation type. In the short incubation type, hepatocellular necrosis was mainly found in the periportal area, while in the long incubation type, it was found in the centrolobular area. Thes results suggest that the short incubation type resembling type A hepatitis might be caused by a different type of virus from the type of virus causing the long incubation type resembling type B hepatitis.
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  • Fumikazu AOKI
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1976-1984
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Using a canine model of extensive resection of the pancreas and total pancreatectomy with/without postoperative insulin administration, the authors determined glucose, lipoprotein (LP) fraction, triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA) and post heparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) in the blood.
    In these groups of total pancreatectomy without postoperative insulin administration and of total pancreatectomy with postoperative insulin administration which was discontinued, the blood sugar levels elevated rapidly in association with a significant increase of FFA and decrease of PHLA, and then increase of TG ad pre β-LP fraction. Subsequently those animals died in about 7 days, and the marked fatty degeneration of hepatocytes was observed in the group with total pancreatectomy in which postoperative insulin administration was discontinued.
    In the dogs of extensive resection of the pancreas, increases of TG and FFA were less than in those of total pancretectomy with postoperative insulin adminstration even at the diabetic phase with high blood sugar levels.
    From these findings, it might be, therefore, said that lipid metabolism was well controlled by a residual small piece of the pancreas in the cases with extensive resection of the pancreas.
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  • Atsuo MURATA, Ken-ichi FUJIMOTO, Takeshi KITAHARA, Yasuki MATSUDA, Mic ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1985-1990
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Molecular forms of human pancreatic elastase 1 in serum was studied and a radioimmunoassay for determination of human pancreatic elastase 1 was developed. Immunoreactive elastase 1 was present in serum in complex form with α1-antitrypsin. Exogenous elastase 1 was bound to acroglobulin and α1-antitrypsin. A complex between elastase 1 and α2-macroglobulin was not measured by this radioimmunoassay. When elastase 1 increased in acute pancreatitis, excess elastase 1 in serum formed complexes more likely to α1-antitrypsin than to α2-macroglobulin.
    Measurement of pancreatic elastase 1 with radioimmunoassay was affected by serum protease inhibitors. The amount of average concentration of imuunoreactive elastase 1 in normal human serum was 1.49 ng/ml, which rose in acute pancreatitis.
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  • Report I. Micromeasuring and Histological Studies of Pancreatic Duct
    Katsuhiko FUJIWARA, Kumiko KURIMOTO
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1991-1997
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Although microscopic alterations of chronic pancreatitis are widely accepted, little has been written about the pathogenesis or mechanism of the ductal abnormality on pancreatogram.
    To investigate the pathogenesis of caliber change of the pancreatic ducts appearing on pancreatogram, we made the study about the correlation between microscopic alterations and the diameter of the pancreatic ducts and ductules.
    The results were as follows:
    1) The inner diameter of the ducts and ductules was increased in the cases with histological alterations as compared to the normal, particularly when catarr and goblet cell hyperplasia of the ductal epithelium were observed.
    2) The degree of the increment of caliber of the ducts and ductules related to the severity of the histological changes of the ductal epithelium.
    3) Such correlation, however, was not definite in the cases with squamous metaplasia of the ducts and ductules.
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  • Tetsuo SHIBATA, Satoshi NAKANO, Kimio KITAMURA, Hajime WATABIKI, Isao ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 1998-2002
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Masayoshi URAOKA, Kunijiro SUZUKI, Yuji MIZUKAMI, Hiroshi SAKAUE, Mori ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 2003-2007
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Kenichi IDO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 2008
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Mitsuru KAWAMOTO, [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Jap ...
    1981 Volume 78 Issue 10 Pages 2009
    Published: October 05, 1981
    Released on J-STAGE: December 26, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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