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Published: March 18, 1999
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Article type: Index
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Published: March 18, 1999
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Sam Matsuno
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-118
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Due to Asian economic crisis, TFT suppliers in Japan and Korea have suspended major capacity expansion, and severe shortage is expected in 1999 and 2000. In spite of negative impact on TFT monitor demand by increasingly TFT panel price, demand for bundled products in Japan is growing at amazing pace making Japan totally different market from rest of the world. Summary of TFT monitor shipment data by region, size and application in Q4'98 will be revealed. Increasing demand for TFT monitors and larger screen worsen the supply-demand situation, impacting note PC growth, where STN is not viable replacement.
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Myung Hwan Oh
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-119
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Since 1995, Korean electronics industries and academia including national research institute started to collaborate in the development of advanced technologies for the large screen, high resolution TFT-LCDs and PDPs having less power consumption with higher contrast and brightness. Some goals of this research and development comprise the commercialization of flat panel displays such as 18"〜30" TFT-LCDs and 40"〜50" PDPs for desktop computer monitors and wide screen HDTVs. Time for mass production will be determined with the growth of market size and the manufacturing cost down as well as the improvement of display performance.
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Chung-chih Wu
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-120
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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In this work we describe the characteristics of single-organic-layer LEDs based on doped polymers. Behaviors of carriers are correlated to material properties and are examined with various carrier transport models.
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Yong-Chun Luo, Junpei Isoda, Miki Shibata, Hiroyuki Okada, Hiroyoshi O ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-121
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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The luminescence of organic thin films using Spindt-type Molybdenum(Mo)FEAs have been studied. In this study, we investigate an emission mechanism of organic thin films as an emission layer. Emission characteristics was dependent on the device structure. The spread emission was observed in single-layered Alq_3 films. In double-layered TPD/Alq_3 films, the spread emission was also observed in the case of thick Alq_3 layer. Emission efficiency of the TPD/Alq_3 structure case was higher than that of single-layered one. To explain these experimental results, models of the spread emission and emission mechanisms are discussed.
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Kazuaki Furukawa, Chien-Hua Yuan, Satoshi Hoshino, Hiroyuki Suzuki, No ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-122
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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To better understand the transporting behavior of carriers in polymer LEDs, a near-ultraviolet electoluminescent polymer, poly[bis(p-butylphenyl)silane]^2, was investigated by means of time-of-flight method. The signal of carrier migration was detected when the pulsed coherent light at 387 nm was illuminated on the high electric field charged polymer thin film. It shows a hole drift mobility of 1x10^<-4>cm^2/Vs, a typical phenomenon often observed in polysilanes. For an oppositely charged polymer film, an intense signal appeared although there was no indication of electron migration. It strongly suggests that electrons are readily injected into the polymer film. Thus, the bipolar nature of the described polymer facilitates the injection of electrons and holes into the polymer matrix and leads to the occurrence of an efficient electroluminescence in spite of a single-layer diode structure.
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John L. West, Vladimir Bodnar
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-123
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Researchers from Kent Displays recently demonstrated, bright, full color, reflective displays using stacks of red, green and blue reflecting cholesteric films. We examined the factors affecting the brightness of these stacked displays. We measured the reflectivity of the individual films and of two and three layer stacks. We found that the reflectivity depends on the order of the stacks, being maximized when films reflecting at shorter wavelengths are placed on top. It appears that the effect of the order of the stack results from the asymmetric reflection of films ; the reflection curves have a long tail on the shorter wavelength side of the reflection maximum. This tail may result in multiple reflection, reducing the overall brightness of the display if films reflecting at longer wavelengths are place closer to the observer and the light source. We have also found that the reflectivity is maximized if the twist sense of the layers is alternated. Maximum reflection in a three-layer stack, required for full color, is produced with a blue reflecting film on top, a green reflecting film in the middle and a red reflecting film on the bottom. Reflection is also optimized when the middle green film has the opposite twist sense of the blue and red films.
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Emi Yokoyama, Yoshihiro Kobayashi, Yasufumi Iimura
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-124
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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A vertically-aligned(VA)guest-host(GH)LCD with amorphous LC alignment structure has been studied for applying the display mode to a reflective LCD. The EO characteristics of the display mode shows almost the same performance as those of a conventional reflective VA-GH-LCD. These results clearly demonstrate that an amorphous structure is very useful for fabricating reflective LCDs.
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S. Komura, K. Kuwabara, O. Itou, K. Funahata, K. Kondo, T. Saito, Y. N ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-125
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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This paper describes the optical design method for reflective color STN-LCDs with single polarizers. The design method ensures the devices have high reflectance, high contrast ratio, and good color purity. The design of an STN liquid crystal layer, a polarizer, two birefringent films, color filters and a diffusion film are presented and a novel evaluation method for reflective LCDs is proposed. In the design of the STN LC cell, the polarizer, and the birefringent films, i.e. the design of the Single Polarizer STN LCD mode, we focus on achieving achromatic dark representation, since we found earlier that the chromaticity in the dark representation significantly affects the color balance. The polarizer and birefringent films are optimized to achieve achromatic dark representation for a given STN LC layer. The retardation of the STN LC layer is optimized to achieve achromatic dark representation and high reflectance. The color filters are optimized to achieve a large color gamut and high transmittance with good white balance. The diffusion film is designed to increase the reflection in an office.
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Dai-Liang Ting, Chung-Yuan Liu, Jyh-Wen Shiu, Wei-Chih Chang, Hung-Ta ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-126
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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We have developed a high contrast and high brightness reflective LCD with an internal diffusive reflector(IDR). The IDR is used in a single-polarizer configuration using mixed-mode twisted nematic(MTN)effect. The diffusive reflector, with proper design, is effective in yielding a bright reflective-image under collimated ambient light. The MTN mode is adopted for its high contrast and large tolerance to cell gap variation. The test cell shows contrast ratio over 40:1, response time less than 20 ms and reflectivity of 22%(when combined with micro color filters)relative to a Lambertian standard white, measured at display's normal direction under -30゜ collimated illumination.
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H.C. Huang, H.S. Kwok, S.K. Kwok, C.S. Li
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-127
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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We have developed a highly integrated liquid-crystal-on-silicon display for three-panel color projector. The silicon panel was designed and fabricated by a custom 0.5 μm 3-metal CMOS technology with a spatial resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels. The pixel pitch was 13.8 μm and the fill factor was 91%. 6-bit digital data drivers and gamma-correction resistor network were integrated within the silicon panel for true gray scale and full color image representation. The display was made with an optimized mixed twisted nematic and birefrigence cell configuration for high contrast ratio at CMOS compatible voltage. Contrast ratio was 70:1 at 3.5Vrms. With a compact optical projector, vivid image and good color saturation were demonstrated.
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Jae Seok Park, Sanjo Lee, Byeong Kwon Ju, Jin Jang, D. Jeon, Myung Hwa ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-128
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Electron emission currents and stability in the silicon-tip field emission arrays(FEAs)have bee improved by silicide formation on silicon using Nb(Niobium). The formation of Nb-silicide was confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)data. The turn-on voltage of silicon-tip FEAs was decreased from 64 to 47V and the emission current fluctuation was decreased from 5% to 2%.
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Duck-Jung Lee, Byeong-Kwon Ju, Jee-Won Jeong, Hoon Kim, Sung-Jae Jung, ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-129
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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In this paper, we suggest the FED packaging technology using anodic bonding method. Amorphous silicon film deposited on glass was contacted with glass substrate followed by bonded. Glass-glass bonding is based on conventional silicon-glass bonding mechanism and achieved successfully. The FED panel having opened exhausting hole was formed by glass frit process and sealed by capping glass. From the leak test in a bonded interface, the inner pressure of panel was kept continuously during pumping out. A light emission was observed from the packaged 0.7-inch FED, then anode current was 34μA. Emission stability was constantly measured for 11 hours.
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J.T. Lai, Y.C. Lan, W.C. Wang, C.H. Tsai, K.L. Tsai, S.H. Chen, C.Y. S ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-130
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Field emission devices with different focusing structures are simulated. The results show that the coaxial-type structure gives the best focusing effect but with lowest anode current. The ridge-type structure could give the largest anode current but its focusing effect is poor. The coplanar-type structure, in addition to its good focusing effect, have a moderate anode current and the simplest fabrication process. It is concluded that the coplanar-type focusing structure is the best choice for display application.
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Y. Nakanishi, A. Kawasumi, T. Aoki, H. Tatsuoka, H. Kuwabara, Y. Hatan ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-131
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Structural and luminescent properties of CaS:Cu, F thin films prepared by the electron beam evaporation have been investigated. The film annealed at higher than 750℃ showed[110]orientation and the crystallinity of the film was improved with increasing annealing temperature. The annealed films showed spectra with peaks at 435 and 450 nm and broad emission at longer wavelength at room temperature, and the 435 nm emission became dominant by the annealing at temperatures higher than 750℃. It was suggested from the measurement of the time-resolved emission spectra that the blue luminescence of not only the phosphor but also the film is not due to D-A pair recombination but due to the intraionic transition in the Cu^+ ion.
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Y. Hatanaka, T. Aoki, M. Niraula, Y. Aoki, Y. Nakanishi
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-132
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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The p-type doping of wide band gap II-VI semiconductors is a key technology for the formation of ohmic contacts with metal electrodes in device fabrication. Using alkaline metal compounds such as Na_2Se or Na_2Te, which contain dopant atoms, laser doping experiments were carried out for ZnSe and CdTe. The influences of laser light treatment on the electrical properties of semiconductors were studied mainly by means of the Hall effect measurements and current-voltage(I-V)characteristics. As a result of p-type doping, the resistivity of ZnSe drastically decreased from 10^5 to 10^2 Ω cm and the value of hole carrier concentration increased up to 4.8 x 10^<19> cm^<-3>. Similarly, for CdTe the resistivity decreased from 10^5 to 10^<-1> Ω cm. Formation of p-type ohmic contact in ZnSe and CdTe diodes was also investigated
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Shi-How Shieh, Hsien-Hui Tai, Hsiu-Chin Hsieh
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-133
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Silicate glass is the primary condidate for AMLCD substrates. Stringent pristine surface requirement has limited its commercial production to within a few companies, each of which uses different hot forming technique. Thermal compaction and structure relaxation studies revealed different thermal history experienced by the substrate during manufacturing. Tests shown higher expansion OA2 has less compaction than 1737 indicating a much lower sheet forming temperature than 1737. While newer OA10 and 1737 are practically inter-changeable with one another, having many similarities in their thermal mechanical properties. Data supports the possibility of inter-changing different brand glasses for either color filter or TFT.
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Ding-Jen Chen, Kung-Lung Cheng
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-134
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Recently the LCD market has shown significant growth from simple TN applications to displays with high information content such as in notebook computers. In order to understand trends in LC materials, this paper reviews the development of negative Δε LC materials. While compounds having a 2, 3-dicyanophenyl group in the molecular structure have a large negative Δε, they have a disadvantage of having high viscosity and insufficient photostability. Pyridazine derivatives exhibit lower viscosity but are not photostable. The difluorophenyl derivatives have been developed. These materials are characterized by high negative Δε values and viscosity. These compound classes are promising materials for liquid crystal mixtures for various applications as ECB, VA TFT liquid crystal display.
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Shyh-Ming Chang, Jwo-Huei Jou, Hua-Shu Wu, Hong-Yu Lin, Chi-Yuan Wu
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-135
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Micro-Bump Bonding(MBB)method makes possible the micro-order direct bonding between IC electrode and circuit substrate electrode. The technology consists of three elements : an IC chip with bumps, a circuit substrate, and a bonding adhesive. The binding forces of the applied adhesive accomplish electrical connection between the bumps on the IC chip and the electrodes on the substrate. Stress analysis is made to estimate the contact force that the adhesive imposes to drag together the bumps of the IC and the electrodes of the substrate. An elastic model is assumed herein to determine the stress characteristic of the MBB structure. The stresses of the structures with gold bumps and compliant bumps are compared at various temperatures. Such a stress analysis is helpful in determining which kind of bumps is more suitable for a given MBB structure.
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Ya-Hsiang Tai, Chien-Chih Chen
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-136
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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The image quality of a TFTLCD is dependent on the voltages on the pixel electrodes, which can be influenced by many factors, such as coupled voltage from scan bus and leakage current of TFT. However, it is difficult to directly probe the pixel voltage electrically. Therefore, measuring the transmittance of the LCD is very helpful to characterize a panel. Looking up the transmittance curve of the liquid crystal cell, the voltage on the pixel can be retrieved. However, the liquid crystal can not respond the pixel voltage in real time and thus such a method may not be used at video frequency. In this paper, various applications of the optical measurement to study the coupled voltage and leakage of pixel electrodes in a TFTLCD are discussed.
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Yeong-E Chen, Jr-Hong Chen, Ya-Hsiang Tai
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-137
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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A light-shield amorphous silicon(a-Si:H)thin film transistor(TFT)with low dark leakage current is developed. The a-Si:H island edge of this TFT is selectively oxidized without affecting the metal/n^+ a-Si:H layer contact quality, and thus the hole current flowing through the parasitic metal/intrinsic a-Si:H contact at that edge can be blocked. Using this technique, the TFT with effective mobility of 0.7cm^2/Vsec, subthreshold swing of 0.55V/dec, and threshold voltage of 1.5 V can be achieved. In addition, the leakage current of the TFT is as low as 0.5 pA at high negative gate bias of-10V and drain voltage of 10V.
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Chu-Jung Shih, I-Min Lu, Li-Ming Wang
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-138
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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We investigated the optic characteristics of XeCl excimer laser annealed(ELA)amorphous silicon in this study. The 50nm PECVD a-Si film was deposited on PECVD oxide with a thickness of 300nm. Then the samples were heated to reduce its hydrogen content and crystallized with a wide range of 308nm XeCl excimer laser energy densities. It was found that the structure and optic characteristics of Poly-Si film is a function of the extent of crystalline of Poly-Si film. For example, in the transmittance spectroscopic range of 420〜610 nm, the transmittance is dependent on the extent of crystalline of Poly-Si film.Therefore we can use these optic characteristics of Poly-Si film to monitor the extent of crystallization of Poly-Si films. Correlations between optic characteristics of laser crystallized Poly-Si, ELA energy desity, and surface roughness were discussed to monitor the Poly-Si film quality.
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Hsing-Ju Sung, I-Min Lu, Shih-Chang Chang
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-139
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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We investigated the effects of the crystallization of a-Si film with a capping oxide by 308nm XeCl excimer laser. It is related to the process of impurity activation after ion doping and the uniformity improvement of excimer laser crystallization through oxide. The 50nm PECVD a-Si film was deposited on PECVD oxide with a thickness of 300nm. Then the sample was heated to reduce the hydrogen content in the a-Si thin film. A PECVD oxide was deposited on the dehydrogenated a-Si layer. The thickness of capping oxide ranges from 100nm to 400nm. When a capping oxide was used as a hard mask for ion doping or suppressing the deviation of laser energy, the thickness of capping oxide plays an important role in the laser activation or crystallization process. In this study we discuss the effect of the thickness of capping oxide on the laser crystallization or activation process. Good correlation between the interference effect(capping oxide thickness)and laser crystallized film quality was observed.
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Hui Chu Lin, Yeong-E Chen
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-140
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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Effect of deposition temperature of monochamber PECVD processing on a-Si TFT electrical characteristics and stability has been investigated. The experimental results show that 1)TFTs deposited at 280℃ have higher mobility than the TFTs deposited with other temperature ; 2)TFTs deposited with higher temperature have better stability against voltage stressing. When we deposited SiN_x/a-Si/n+a-Si films by monochamber PECVD processing at 280℃, a-Si:H TFTs have higher mobility and better capability against voltage stressing.
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Huei-Jiun Liu, Ming-Jiun Liaw, Han-Ping D. Shieh
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-141
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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An empirical function is proposed to characterize the transfer functions of the image signals to tristimulus values of twist nematic liquid crystal displays(TN LCDs). This empirical equation can be applied for Color additive model and Primary-shift backward model of LCD's characterizations. A notebook PC was used to examine the fitting accuracy and color difference with different transfer functions. The main benefit of the work is that only 12 colors are required to accurately characterize the color rendering of LCDs.
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Ching-Yu Tsai, Ming-Jiun Liaw, Han-Ping D. Shieh
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-142
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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As primary-shifts on LCDs is non-negligible, primary-invariance model, widely used to characterize the color reproduction on CRT monitors, can not be applied well on LCDs. To obtain average color difference of less than 3ΔE^*_<uv> for LCDs, primary-invariance forward model should be modified by at least a 3×9 regression analysis matrix. In backward model, polynomial regression method can transfer data in both RGB and XYZ domains. However, only in XYZ domain, desired colors can be reproduced sufficiently.
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Ching-Shyang Chiu
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-143
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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To determine the relation between on-substrate distribution of liquid crystal(LC)pretilt angle and rubbing parameters, we measured different test cells which were fabricated with given specific sets of rubbing parameters. By analyzing the influence of rubbing density and pile impression on the distribution of pretilt angle, we can find an optimum set of rubbing parameters to produce higher uniformity of pretilt angle. In our experiment, higher rubbing density and smaller pile impression were shown to improve the uniformity of on-substrate distribution of pretilt angle.
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Qian Weizong, Wang Jianqi, Sun Jian
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-144
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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The design method of flat shadow mask for CPT(Color Picture Tube)used for MMTV(Multimedia TV)is presented. At the same time, the curved surface shape of stamping mould keeps unchanged, therefore the expense is saved and design and manufacturing period is shortened. The 25 inch CPT's flat shadow mask is computed and manufactured. New CPT is assembled and tested, its horizontal resolution up to 700 lines from original about 500 lines. Moire Effect could not be viewed. The picture quality is good.
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Jun Wang, Min Zhou, Jianbo Cheng, Qijun Ran
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-145
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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An electromagnetic focusing electron gun was used in high-luminance and high-definition YAG(yttrium aluminum garnet)projection CRT successfully. The dual-focusing system in it was developed, which was composed of electrostatic pre-focusing lens and electromagnetic focusing lens. Result from the special optimization of structure and voltage, the electron gun has excellent characteristics especially wit high current. As a result, on the green YAG phosphor screen, beam spot diameters of 0.065〜0.080mm at cathode currents of 0.5〜1.0mA. So the horizontal resolution was more than 1200 TV-lines on the 3-in projection CRT screen. Meanwhile, the luminance of 1.4×10^5cd/m^2 at cathode current of 1.0mA and anode voltage of 29kv was achieved.
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Fang qin Wang, Yuwen Ye
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-146
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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A new eddy current control has been designed for high performance color display tubes, offering better spot quality for both center gun and side gun. In contrast to other system, we used computer aided method and obtained the spot of asymmetric field, the measured results of the spot, convergence and other picture feature will be presented in the paper.
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Jian Guan
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-147
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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In this paper, the Complex System, that electrostatic lens of two equal radial cylinder is superimposed with the deflection field, has been introduced. On the principle of minimal action, functional minimum and Euler equation has been Solved. The results show properties of Gauss trajectory and rank third in aberration. Aberrations include three parts, and can express as matrix. The electrons can go back to Zaxis. Aberration can cancel out each other, and obtain better spot performance. When electrostatic lens is placed near screen, big aberrations will be produce.
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Chern-Lin Chen, Shin-Tai Lo, Cheng-Chang Liu, Horng-Bin Hsu, Kelvin Le ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-148
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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The sustaining driver for plasma display panel(PDP)should provide alternating high voltage pulses to ignite plasma and recover the energy stored in the intrinsic capacitance between the scanning and sustaining electrodes inside the panel. Second-order circuits utilizing the series-connected or parallel-connected external inductance and intrinsic capacitance have been successfully adopted for the sustaining driver. In this way, high efficiency and low component count can be achieved. In this paper, the electrical characteristics of second-order drivers in the sustaining operation mode are investigated and influence of the ignited plasma discharging current on the driver performance is discussed.
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Shaozhen Xiong, Weiliang Xie, Ying Zhao, Junsong Wang, Enfeng Liu, Chu ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-149
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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A microcontroller-based driver was disigned and developed for dot-matrix displays made with organic light emitting diodes(OLEDs). It was made by modifying driver designed for dot matrix LEDs made with inorganic semiconductors. The driver was designed with adjustable driving frequency, pulse-width, polarity and pulse-amplitude. It is a generalized driver suitable for operating OLED dot matrices made with different electroluminescent organic materials or in different device structures. A driver system was fabricated to drive an OLED panel in 40x7 format.
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In Hoe Kim, Kwang Bum Park, Hyun Chan Moon
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-150
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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PMS is consist of LED array, lens, polygon-mirror, and motor. A PMS's light sources is the linear LED array. We have fabricated 400dpi LED array using GaAs/AlGaAs(Al〜0.65)single heterojunction structure. The problem of AlGaAs LED array is among the emitters. Thus, we have performed isolation by RIE(Reactive Ion Etching)and wet etching. RIE experiments were carried out at room temperature and used in mixture of gases under a variety of etching conditions. The n and p ohmic contacts were made with AuGe/Ni/Au and AuZn/Pd/Au, respectively. The AlGaAs LED array showed good quality with low forward turn-on voltages and high brightness.
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Ying Zhao, Junsong Wang, Shaozhen Xiong, Jingkang Hu, Zhenhua Zhou, Ch ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-151
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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LCD is now widely used even in some hot, cold or other special cases, where EL may be better replacement. We found the reformation of LCD controller ICs is a way to take the place of those LCDs with EL display. What we choose the LCD controller is MSM6255 and our experiment realizes the good result.
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X.J. Wang
Article type: Article
Session ID: IDY99-152
Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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The reflective liquid crystal displays, SBTN(Sub-twist nematic LCD)and XSTN(Non-compensated super-twist nematic LCD), were investigated. They operate at different principles as those conventional TN and STN. They have shown great advantages over the latter ones, such as the brightness, electro-optic performance, tolerable production margin, economical cost, etc. They are a new generation of LCD deserving further development.
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Article type: Appendix
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Published: March 18, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: June 23, 2017
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