地理学評論
Online ISSN : 2185-1719
Print ISSN : 0016-7444
ISSN-L : 0016-7444
15 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
  • 吉村 信吉
    1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 493-508
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. 白子川と黒目川との大泉臺地の南,下保谷窪地附近に東西6kmに亙り地下水面が一直線上に於て急變する。落差は6m位である。從つて北部臺地の地下水面は地形に無關係に甚だ深くなる。
    2. 地下水瀑布線の直に南側に沿ひ水深の大きい井戸があり。こゝでは水位變化の大きいことを意味する。
    3. pHも瀑布線附近で急變する。
    4. 瀑布線以北は最近迄森林が多く聚落は少く,あつても新しい。これは地下水面が深い爲開墾が遲れた爲と思はれる。現在では森林地は田園都市,學校,工場として利用されてゐる。
    5. この地方の宙水の二,三を述べた。
  • 安田 初雄
    1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 509-523
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is interesting that the landscape of the city of Takada in a well-known region of heavy snow, indicates adjustments to snowfall. For example, in the commercial quarter, “Gangi”, “Nadedome”, and “Takamado” are all connected with snow. The distribution of Gangi shows that the city is a compound Strassendorf. Settlements that have Gangi are scattered in Etigo and Sado provinces, both of which are in Niigata prefecture. Such settlements are distributed in the region where the average annual maximum accumulation of snow exceeds 50cm. A Takamado, or skylight, stands high on the roof for catching the light, especially in the season of heavy snow, facing east, owing to the. severe westerly winds in winter, its shape somewhat resembles to the periscope of a submarine.
    In Katyu, which is the main residential quarter of the city, surrounded by the commercial quarters, similar. conditions are found. There is no Gangi or Takamado landscape, the trees acting as wind-breaks, showing a garden city landscape. Surrounded with criptomerias, a dwelling house has its small windows openenig only to the garden. There are no board fences, only hedges; and we see several thatched roofs and roofs with cobble stones on them. The western part of the city is Teramati (temple part), which is similar to Katyu.
    The city develops very slowly, the houses being old and of uniform style, sometimes of country type.
  • 矢澤 大二
    1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 524-549
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    More than twenty years have passed since Japanese farmers began to take part in the colonization of Manchoukuo, but before the Manchuria Incident of 1931-2, their number was very small, the sphere of their colonization being confined to Kwantung Province and along the South Manchurian Railway, and they did not succeed well. Soon after the conflict in 1932, a plan for colonizing North Manchoukuo was started by a number of patriotically minded people, and although only a few years have elapsed since then the results are far beyond their expectations. The writer describes the land cultivated by Japanese in North Manchoukuo.
    In every cultivated land, in the early stages of colonization, almost all work, such as cultivating, harvesting, and even cooking, done cooperatively, with good results, but with advance in cultivation they gradually come to work independently of their comrades, and with their settlements taking the form of villages, cooperative life changes into ordinary private life; the cultivators take wives or get members of their families to come over from the homeland, and these families live an independent life on friendly terms with their neighbours.
    There are two kinds of Manchoukuoan colonizations, the one called class A is Govermental Colonization, managed by the Goverment, and the other class B, Free Colonization, not managed by the Goverment. For example, Iyasaka-mura and Tihuri-go come under the head of the former and Tenri-mura the latter. Today, govermental colonization is much larger in number, so this will be described first.
    The colonized villages in the early days-the first formed in 1932 and the second in 1933-consist of people from all parts of Japan, especially from the prefectures of North-East Japan, with the result that, now, on such cultivated land in North Manchoukuo, people from each prefecture form their own villages, such villages being named after the prefecture or the province in Japan whence they came (See Figs. 1-2). In such a village, people from certain cities or districts of Japan form their own communities (Fig. 3), and what is better, try to induce people in the homeland to colonize North Manchoukuo and establish their own branch villages or districts in that county. In this way new ground will be cultivated by people from the same districts in Japan whence they themselves came.
    The resulte of farming in a large number of such villages in Manchoukuo are as follows:
    (1) The result of farming by the colonists at the end of the first year of colonization, were on the whole better in new villages than in old ones (see Tables 1, 2, Fig. 4).
    (2) The newer a village, the larger the area of its rice-fields, but in the older villages there was a larger area of soy-bean fields (see Tables 2-4, Fig. 5).
    The number of Japanese in Manchoukuo has increased rapidly, and from the view point of income, rice is naturally the most inportant crop for every village, so that the area of rice-fields in every village increases every year. However, the newer a village, the larger the area of its rice-fields, while a larger area of soy-bean and other fields is found in the older villages (Fig. 5), which is because, in the early stage of colonization, rice cultivation most prevailed, but owing to the great extent of the farms the rice-fields were very overgrown with weeds, causing difficulties, until finally they were compelled to abandon rice cultivation when new land, suitable for rice, was not available. A large income may be derived from tobacco and kaoliang farming, but they soon impoverish rich soil, whereas soy-bean culture is not only very important, but it turns poor soil into rich, with the result that it is carried out with other cultivations to an increasing degree.
    (3) Generally speaking, a newer village has a better harvest than an old ones (see Tables 6-7). It is not yet clear, whether the reason for it is in the quality of the soil or in superior cultivation.
  • 1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 550-556,568
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 川田 三郎
    1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 557
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 上田 信三
    1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 558-563
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 下村 彦一
    1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 563-567
    発行日: 1939/07/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1939 年 15 巻 7 号 p. 570
    発行日: 1939年
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
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