地理学評論
Online ISSN : 2185-1719
Print ISSN : 0016-7444
ISSN-L : 0016-7444
26 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 加藤 武夫
    1953 年 26 巻 5 号 p. 179-187
    発行日: 1953/05/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The author has been studying the distribution and variation of population In the middle of Edo Period by “Junkoki” that is a historical work of Owari Clan. This book was recorded by “Kôko Higuti” (1750-1826) who inspected all the villages within Owari Province. In this “Junkôki” he recorded two sets of population number, the one is of the year of 1671 A. D. and the other is of some year of the early 18 th century.
    Fig. 1 shows the rates of the increase or decrease of population of each village gained from the comparison of two sets of population noted in “Junkoki.” And the author classified those rates into five classes:
    1. Remarkable Increase, 2. Increase, 3. Sluggish Increase, 4 Stagnation, 5. Decrease.
    Fig. 2 shows the accumlated population on each administrative unit at the time of 1915. Hereupon one can see the regions of increased or, decreased population by these figures. It was the head region of Ise Bay, eastern Highland and Tita Peninsula that increased remarkably in population. Because. the head region of Ise Bay was reclaimed land, this increase of population in this region resulted from the migration of the people from the neighbouring land (Fig. 3). The most of the eastern part of the highland and Tita Peninsula were cleared regions and there were constru-cted many irrigation ponds or canals by which cultivated lands were enlarged and. the population was increased. In this region, there were some industrial centres such as Seto City and its suburbs and Tokoname Town on the west coast of Tita Peninsula, where industries were ceramics, - - - -Arinzatu Town, variegation of cloth, - - - the most part of the peninsula, textile of cotton, - - -Handa City and its neighbourhood brewing --- the coast of peninsula, marine transportation. And these industries had been developed into the stage of“ manufacture” in the middle of Edo Era. Consequently, the development of these industries brought about the increase of population in the districts above mentioned. Contrary to these regions, the middle part of the Owari Plain and the outskirts of Nagoya were the districts of the stagnation or decrease of population. Since agriculture was a principal occupation, having been conti-nuously developed front ancient time, it was impossible to attempt the expansion of cultivated fields, and as the result there was difficulty in increasing the population in this area. In addition to these conditions, the Castle Town of Nagoya was absorbing the rural population, and so it was decreasing remarkably. Besides those regions, the ports on the head of Tita Peninsula, such as Morozaki and Toyohama, lost some of their population for their narrow hinterland and the shortage of cultivated land.
    The distribution and variation of population under the feudal system were different from those under the capitalistic economic system. These differences are based on the differences of the basic industries and the scale of the cities under these two systems.
  • 吉野 正敏
    1953 年 26 巻 5 号 p. 188-198
    発行日: 1953/05/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    One of the important problems in local cliniatology concerning the air temperature distribution is a study of the diurnal change within a small area in which various land forms and covers are included. Actually, the results of the, observations show that the differences of the diurnal change are not shall as shown 1 and 2. (The situations of the observed points in this area are shown in Tab. 1) To discuss the detail of this dif-ference, it is considered that a statistical treatment must be helpful for us. So the author applies the conception of turbulence in a statistical theory as a method of comparison of the diurnal changes in a small area.
    The definition of degree of turbulence in our study is not the same as that of the micro-meteorology, and is described as follows; A. B, …………, N are the observed points in a small area, i, (1+1), (i+2), …………, (n-1) n the observed times, and if the air temperature at A observed on the thermograph at time i is Ai, the average change in a small area from i to (i+1) will be expressed by
    _??_
    And its standard deviation oi•(i+1) is calculated for the expression of variance of air tee iperature change from i to (i+1). If the values at each station change in parallel, “ai”(i+1) becomes O. We define δi•(i+1) as a degree of turbulence in a small area from the time i to (i+1), δ(i+l)•(i+2), δ(i+2)•(i+3), ……, δ(n-1)•n are also calculated in the same way. For instance, the remits of the above mentioned case are shown as Fig. 3. Time intervals i_??_(i+l), (i+1)_??_(i+2), ……… must be determined by the accuracy of the thermograph, the time necessary for a airmass passing through the whole, area and the movement from a point to the next on the moving observation if ti'e reduction values are required for the values taken by the observation, In the case of short time intervals, the following δi_??_j, δj_??_k, ………… are, : calculated
    : _??_
    These values are used not only for the general view of the diurnal variation. of a, but also for the calculation of “intensity of turbulence” in whole observed area. Tab. 2 and Fig. 4 (D) are the results of the calculation using the upper formula for the above mentioned area. Fig. 4 (A)_??_(C) are the results for another area in the same way of calculation and Tab. 3 is their conditions. Analysing them with special reference to the effects of Topography on each curve, the following conclusi-ons are obtained. Namely, the degree of turbulence in a small area in fine weather and with weaker winds are;
    I) Greater in the daytime especially at noon. The values are 2_??_3 times as large as those at night.
    II) Greater after sunrise, before sunset, or when a cold airmass flows down as down slope wind or mountai n wind. A. remarkable case occurs where the time of sunrise is greatly disturbed by the topography, e. g. Fig. 4(C) and (ID.).
    III) Smaller with the greater wind velocity in a simple topography.
    IV) More affected by the difference of the topographical condiction at each point than by the extent of the observed area.
  • 四國の出稼地域
    岸本 實
    1953 年 26 巻 5 号 p. 199-206
    発行日: 1953/05/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    1) The writer Dicussed the emigration regions in Sikoku on the ground of the World Agricaltural Cencus in 1950. Here the emigrants are meant as porters, day-labourers, maid-servants, workmen, appentices, etc., who are at work in another provinces.
    2) Hitherto the emigration was studied geographically and the causes of it are attributed to the lack of paddy fields, poverty of villages, and so on. But the causes are not so simple as said before. Especially from the geogra-phical point of view they must be attributed to the structure of the regions, in another words, the regions themselves prepare the mobility of the iuhabitants.
    3) The writer researched statistically the emigration regions in Sikoku, from the standpoint of the conbination of three factors: the ratio of paddy fields (X1), specialised farmers (X2) and infinitesimal farmers (X3).
    4) At first the correlation coefficients bet wveen the ratio of the emigrants to all farmers and that of three factors are calculated (Table 1.). According to the results, their correlation are all lineal and the test by correlation covariance demonstrated that the regression coefficients, bi, in the equation Y=bo+b1X1 are all significant.
    5) Then .the multiple correlation coefficient between Y and X1, X2, X3, and the multiple regression equation are acquired as follows:_??_The estimated values of the emigrants by the equation almost coincide to the actual values of them. Therefore by the test of the partial regression coefficient, the factors of the emigration could be descriminated in each regions.
    6) The results are as follows: _??_Mima-Gun, Miyosi-Gun._??_ Owing to A and B, especially to A. _??_Nisiuwa-Gun_??_ Owing to A and B, secondarilly to C _??_Shodo-Gun_??_ Owing to B and C secondarilly to A CKaifu-Gun, Ochi-Gun, Kitauwa-Gun, Minamiuwa-Gun._??_ Owing to B and C. Here A is low ratio of paddy fields, B, low ratio of specialised farmers, C, high ratio of infinitesimal farmers.
  • 農作業慣行と土壤侵蝕
    千葉 徳爾
    1953 年 26 巻 5 号 p. 207-212
    発行日: 1953/05/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 1953 年 26 巻 5 号 p. 212-222_1
    発行日: 1953/05/01
    公開日: 2008/12/24
    ジャーナル フリー
feedback
Top