The paradigm of Home Economics (HE) is based on three fields of study, i.e., life recognition, wisdom of household management, and scientific knowledge. This report is aimed at opening a new horizon of the paradigm of HE. The household recognition defined by the authors is set as “The Livelihood of Man” by K. Polanyi, but applied toward three dimensions of individual, family and society, each of which is encompassed by self-responsibility, mutual-responsibility and co-living responsibility. The system of mutual assistance and supports given to self-help, mutual help, voluntary help and public help are also set on the same footing as well as on the system concerning the solidarity of economic circulation. “Consumers' rights and responsibilities” regarding the establishment of the co-living society should be set on the frameworks such as self-responsibility for three SLS and eight hierarchical rights. Five social responsibilities also should meet with each of the five environmental components. In establishing the co-living society, the quality of each of 3SLS should be not only supported by also stepped up in line with truisms. It should be the common safeguard for every livelihood management, individual personal control, family household management, and semi-macro governance. When established in the aforementioned directions, we should obtain better preconditions for “competitive freedom” and “formal equality” as well as for developing “self-responsibility.” These also act as better preconditions toward “mutual-responsibility” to establish effective collaboration for “substantial equality” and “fair position setting.” When well established, the quality of co-living dimension should also emerge. As the premises of new household management under the same umbrella of “socialization livelihood management, ” the outside house-holding has to be closely connected with the quality that can be observed within the house-holding of 3SLS.

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We isolated antioxidative compounds from ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) based on the inhibitory activity toward lipid peroxidation of a rat brain homogenate which has been proposed to mimic the tissue damage by free radicals. The structures of these antioxidative compounds were determined by EIMS and NMR spectral data 1D (¹H-and ¹³C-NMR) and 2D (¹H-¹H COSY, HMQC and HMBC) to be paradol, curcumin, gingerol, hexahydrocurcumin, gingereron A and [4] -gingerol. Freeze-dried ginger powder was heat treated by boiling and frying, and the change in the antioxidative activity was examined. The heat treatment had no effect on the antioxidative activity.

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本研究では, 寒天を用いてゲル-ゾル混合系モデル試料を調製し, 食品の基礎的な物性を検討することを目的とした.球状ゲルとゾル試料との混合系, さらにゾル単独試料の力学的特性と官能評価による飲み込み特性について検討を行い, 以下の結果が得られた.
(1) 濃度を3段階に変化させた球状ゲルの破断特性では, みかけの破断応力P_fapp, みかけの破断エネルギーE_nappともに顕著な濃度依存性をもつことが認められた.
(2) ゾル単独試料の流動特性は, 粘稠性係数 K および降伏応力S_yともに寒天濃度の増加に伴い高値を示し, 寒天濃度が高いほど粘度が高く, 流れにくいことが示唆された.
(3) ゾル試料および混合系試料のテクスチャー特性において, 硬さHaはいずれの混合系試料もゾル単独試料よりも高い値を示し, 逆に凝集性Coは, ゾル試料が混合系試料より高い値を示し, 濃度の低い試料ほど有意差が認められた.付着エネルギーE_aは, ゾル試料, 混合系試料ともに寒天濃度の増加に伴い値も増加し, 寒天濃度の高い試料ほど有意差が認められた.
(4) 官能評価では, 「口中のまとまり易さ」以外の全ての項目で試料間に有意差が認められた.「口中で感じるかたさ」は, ゾル試料よりも混合系試料の方が「かたい」と評価されたが, 寒天濃度の最も高い試料 (dとD) は同程度に「かたい」と評価された.「口中のべたつき感」と「残留感」は, ほぼ同様の傾向を示し, 寒天濃度の低い試料問では球状ゲルを混合した方がより「べたつく」「残留感あり」と評価された.
「飲み込み易さ」では, 球状ゲルを混合した場合としない場合を比較すると, 寒天濃度が低い試料では球状ゲルを混合しない方が「飲み込み易い」と評価された.しかし, 寒天濃度が高い試料では逆に球状ゲルを混合した方が「飲み込み易い」と評価された.
(5) 官能評価から得られた「飲み込み易さ」と客観測定値 (硬さHa, 付着エネルギーE_a, 降伏応力 S_y, 粘稠性係数K) との関係は, ゾル試料が客観測定値の増加に伴い「飲み込みにくい」と評価されたのに対して, 混合系試料は「飲み込み易さ」の評価があまり変化しなかった.
(6) 官能評価から得られた「飲み込み易さ」と他の項目との関係は, ゾル試料では「かたい」「口中のべたつき感あり」「残留感あり」と評価された試料ほど「飲み込みにくい」と評価された.しかし, 混合系試料では「飲み込み易さ」の評価は他の項目に依存せず, ほとんど同じ評価を示した.すなわち, 球状ゲルを混合することで「飲み込み易さ」の差が軽減することが示唆された.

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オニオンスープをモデルに, ベースのスープ (炒めタマネギ添加前のブイヨンやコンソメ類) の影響およびタマネギの加熱方法がオニオンスープの食味や呈味成分へ及ぼす影響を検討し, 以下のような結果を得た.
(1) 手作りのコンソメをオニオンスープのベースに用いた場合, 特にうま味・こくが強くなって有意に好まれることが認められた.
(2) 即席コンソメを用いた場合でもオニオンスープの総合評価においては, 嗜好的な有意差がみられなかった.
(3) 炒めタマネギの添加は遊離糖量の増加による甘味増強効果が認められた.同時に, 有機酸量も増加したが, 有機酸の種類と量および酸味掬制効果のあるペプチド類などの影響で官能的な酸味における有意な強弱差や嗜好差は認められなかった.
(4) 揚げタマネギを用いた場合, スープの色が濃く, 甘味とうま味およびこくの弱い淡白な食味のオニオンスープであったことから, 炒めタマネギの代用とはならず, 別の食味を形成することが認められた.

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大腸菌群迅速検査用に市販されている RM-DO 培地およびX-GAL試液を組み合わせた検出法 (RM-DO法) を生鮮食品に適用し, 実用性を検討した.実用性の確認は, 従来法であるデソキシコーレイト寒天培地およびBGLB培地による培養法と比較することにより行った.食材は生鮮食品3種類 (肉類, 鮮魚類, 野菜類), 36品目を使用した.
実験の結果, 各食材における比較では RM-DO 法と従来法で測定した菌数には相関が認められた.食材全体での比較では, RM-DO法は従来法と高い相関を示し, またRM-DO法で得られた菌数はデソキシコーレイト法と差はなく, BGLB法に比べ有意に多かった.
RM-DO法は, 従来法と同等以上の検出能力を有することが確認できたことから, 肉類, 鮮魚類, 野菜類の大腸菌群の迅速検査にも適用可能な方法であると考えられた.

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Since 1978, the Kyoto Costume Institute (KCI) has systematically collected, preserved, researched and displayed Western European clothing. Its clothing exhibits, which have been held in many countries, are highly regarded. Various conservation/restoration techniques are used to slow the deterioration of the fabrics. In order to obtain basic information on the conservation/restoration techniques that will be used in the future, this study uses records maintained by KCI to examine the conservation/restoration of dresses from the 18th century to the 1950s and to formulate guidelines regarding costume conservation and restoration in the future. Based on records of dress conservation/restoration processes, we classified fabric conservation into four categories : (1) rear-lining or front-lining (applying a conservation cloth to one side of the item), covering, and sandwiching (placing the dress between two layers of cloth); (2) decoration conservation/restoration technique; (3) damage manufacturing/replenishing technique, and; (4) others. The results of this conservation/restoration technique analysis enabled researchers to ascertain the extent of wear of the fabric.

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This study researches trends in education on the housing and community environment with a view to identifying methods and paths of expansion. We analyzed research papers dealing with issues in housing and community environment education. The results of our analysis show that many interdisciplinary studies are issued separately by various academic societies, such as Architectural Institute of Japan, The Japan Society of Home Economics, The Japan Association of Home Economics Education, The City Planning Institute of Japan and so on. The contents of the studies can be classified into three types as follows; 1) studies focusing primarily on consideration of the effectiveness of practical actions, 2) studies which had the objective of collection basic data from surveys, 3) studies on curriculum development and its verification. To generate further development of research on this matter, it is important to build networks aimed at the exchange of information among academic societies.

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