巻号一覧
11 巻, 9 号
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小西 行雄1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 518-519
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (171K) -
第1報 綿繊維の生長過程について大野 泰雄1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 520-526
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe object of this investigation consists in the elucidation of the formation of cellulose fibers and the fine structures thereof. As the most suitable material for this study, the cotton fiber was selected and the growth process was pursued. The cotton variety used for this research was “Rikuchimen Kanno No.1”, a sort of upland cotton.
In this paper, the author has tried to investigate the changes of weight and size of cotton boll, cotton seed etc. and the growth grocess of seed coat tissues in relatin to the maturity of cotton boll. The results are sumarized as follows.
1. Growth in the size of cotton boll was completed about 95% at 22 days after flowering, and then the shrinking of the length and width of cotton boll begins even before the cotton boll opening.
2. Growth in the size of cotton seed increased rapidly in the former period i. e. from the opening of the flower until about 20 days after flowering and is completed 24 days after flowering when the elongation of lint finishes.
3. In the ripening process of cotton boll, the weights of cotton boll, cotton boll wall, cotton seed and seed hair were daily measured and studied.
4. Results of observation on the growth process of seed-tissues show that the growth of epidermis cell, outer brown layer, colourless layer, palisade layer and inner brown layer have completed in the former period of growing process. The outer brown layer consists of turgid cell in the middle period of growing process but in mature stage, the cell shrinks furnishing prohably nutrient substances to other tissues. Therefore the outer brown layer seems to be the source of mutrient substances after the growth in thickness begins.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (571K) -
第4報 各種のアルデハイドによるアセタール化繊維の弾性度桜田 一郎, 森 昇, 田中 毅, 桜井 潔, 安武 侑1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 526-530
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPVA fibers were subjected after heat treatment to acctalization with formaldehyde (ordinary vinylon), chloracetaldehyde (vinylon C), acetalyl monosulfide (vinylon S), benzaldehyde (vinylon B) and dimethyl nonal (vinylon N) and elastic recovery of elongation of fibers were compared. In the whole range of elongation vinylon S and N show the greatest degree of elasticity. Up to 5% elongation elasticity of vinylon B is also good, but at higher elongation it is worse than that of the ordinary vinylon. In the whole range af elongation vinylon C shows the smallest value of elasticity. For all fibers stretched one has a better elasticity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (265K) -
森 昇, 田中 毅, 福味 幸司1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 530-533
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPure PVC fibers with different degree of polymerization have similar mechanical behavior, but the shrinkage in hot water is affected by the degree of polymerization. Except in the shrinkage in hot water, there is also no remarkable difference between fibers from pure PVC and a co-polymer which contains about 5% vinyl acetate. Effect of heat treatment is greater to fibers from PVC with higher degree of polymerization and to those from pure polymers than to those from a co-polymer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (261K) -
第4報 ビニロンの機械的性質に及ぼす分子重合度分配の影響長野 正満, 竹島 寛治, 大坪 隆一1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 534-537
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe six PVA fibers which have various molecular distribution and the constant mean degree of polymerization were prepared and the tensile strength, knot strength, elongation, and the value of half breadth of molecular distribution of P. V. A. fibers etc. were measured.
In this case the relationship between the strength and heterogeneity of molecular distribution may be expressed as follow. Where F……Strength. A, B……const. H……Heterogeneity _??_ Mean degree of polymerization.
The Young's modulus and the elasticity of stretching are greatly dependent upon the low molecular content and the maximum value of these factors are obtained from samples contained some low molecules.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (304K) -
第7報 紡糸及び加熱延伸の速度について吉岡 民雄1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 537-541
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolyvinylchloride-tetrahydrofuran solution was spun into the coagulaton bath of water with high draft for deciding condition to industrial manufactures of polyvinylchloride fibers, and the extent of spinning speed, method of heat drawing and others were studied.
The extent of spinning speed was 80m/min in 72cm coagulation bath. The maximum of heat drawing by one step was about 28% at 80°C. In heat drawing by two steps, its drawing ratio of each step is important. The following conditions are more desirable for industrial manufacture of the better fiber; spinning speed: 20m/min, temperature of the first heat drawing bath: 60-70°C, the second heat drawing bath: 80-90°C, the first step drawing: 200%, the second step drawing 200%, total drawing: 400%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (405K) -
内田 豊作, 久世 栄一, 渡辺 幸広, 三原 正義, 中野 浩1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 541-546
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe defect “Chika” in Rayon fabrics is studied, first by selecting “Chika” structure itself and the structual relation of warp and weft yarns was noted. The weft yarns have but little effects on formation of “Chika”, and warp yarns only can cause the defect. It is found that “Chika” formation process takes place at the clothfell on the loom, the point that has not been established hitherto.
The methods of preventing the “Chika” are deviced from the results of our experiments. Our “Chika” seems to be the same phenomenon as “Teary” descrived in “The Fabric Defects” McGraw Hill Co., but differ from “Tear Drop” in A. S. T. M. Appendix II.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4764K) -
第6報 耐皺加工効果の評価に対する-考察池田 佐喜男, 岡島 三郎1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 546-550
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCrease-resistance of fabric is affected considerably by the density of the warp and weft threads as reported in the preceding paper, and this density increases generally during resin-finishing. So the effect of the finishing must be appreciated by taking this fact into consideration.
After comparing many expressions of the crease-resistance of a fabric the authors propose a new method of expression.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (419K) -
第6報 未縮合処理液に対する触媒について(4)防皺性及び強伸度に対する影響について飛田 畠雄1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 550-555
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe relation between pH of uncondensed urea formaldehyde solution for the crease resistant finish or resin contents of the treated fabrics and its crease resistancy, tensile strength and elongation; and the effects of the catalysts (hydrochloric acid, buffer, basic aluminium chloride, dimetyl aniline hydrochloride, pyridine hydrochloride, picoline betaine hydrochloride) on the relations described above were studied, and obtained the following results. (1) Crease resistancy increases with the increase of the resin contents of the treated fabric and the decrease of pH value of the solution for the treatment. This relation could be applied to one catalyst, but it differs by the kind of the catalysts. (2) The effects of the catalysts on the increase of crease resistancy of the fabrics treated with solution of same pH value or contained same amount of resin were studied, and it was found that the latent catalyst had the better effect on this property. Especially, picoline betaine hydrochloride catalyst (Nippon Patent No.201708. 1953) shows the best result on this property. (3) The fabric obtained the maxinum increase of strength by the treatment of resin solution having pH value of 4. 4. This maximum increase of strength has same value for each catalysts and has no relation to the kind of the catalysts. (4) The resin contents of the treated fabric which give the maximum increase of strength is not the same to the each catalysts, and the latent catalyst had the maximum point at the higher resin contents of the fabric. (5) Elongation of the treated fabric is related to the resin contents of the fabric, and not to the kind of the catalyst. (6) Imbibition value is also related to the resin contents of fabric, and the formation of the linkage between cellulose molecular chain by the resin treatment is not deduced with the decrease of imhibition value.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (496K) -
第7報 フォルマル化処理浴のフォルマルデハイド濃度と非イオン活性剤添加の影響松崎 清一郎, 柳瀬 敏郎1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 556-560
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWe studies the mechanical properties of the viscose filament yarns and spun rayon fabrics formalized under hydrochloric acid catalyst, when the concentration of formaldehyde and catalyst in their treating baths were changed, and also various non-ionic surface active agents in them were added. Viscose filament yarns and spun rayon fabrics were immersed in each treating bath, squeezed, and dry-heated 10 min. at 120°C.
1. The effects of formaldehyde concentration.
The concentration of formaldehyde in their treating baths were varied from 3 to 26 gr. in 100 cc. and were respectively added HCl coresponded to 5% by weight of their formaldehyde contents. The weight after treatment naturally increased in proportion as the increase of concentration of formaldehyde in their treating baths, but the effective reaction rates of folmaldehyde in each case was nearly constant. On the mechanical properties of treated fabrics, the crease resistances were markedly improved, and their tensile strength and elongations were lowered as formaldehyde contents are increased. However, on the treated filament yarns, their dry strength is lowered and their wet strength, crease resistances and elastic recovery are all increased.
2. The addition of non-ionic surface active agents.
The tested non-ionic surface active agents are 6, namely, lauryl-polyglycol ether (C12H25O(C2H4O)x-1C2H4OH;x=6, 9, 20), oleylpolyglycol ether (C18H35O(C2H4O)x-1C2H4OH;x=10, 15), and octadecylpolyglycol ether (C18H37O(C2H4O)x-1C2H4OH;x=15). These were added respectively 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 gr. in 100 cc., into their treating baths, which contained H•CHO 12 gr. in 100 cc. and HCl 0.1 gr. in 100 cc.
In the treated spun rayon fabrics, the addition of non-ionic surface active agents remarkably improved, generally, the softening, lubricant and resilient handle. And, little connection with the sorts of hydrocarbon chain and the mole numbers of polyoxyethylene, both constructing those agents, the non-ionic surface active agents are of use to slightly protect from decrease of strengthes and to improve the crease resistance on the treated yarns and fabrics, but have no effect on their elongations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (363K) -
加藤 晴治1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 561-566
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (489K) -
松田 秀一1955 年 11 巻 9 号 p. 567-577
発行日: 1955/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (795K)
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