巻号一覧
23 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1～14を表示しています
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木下 茂武, 馬越 淳1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 189-198
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe deformation of polyethylene films with spherulites was investigated by electron and polarising microscope. A linear polyethylene, Hizex 5000 was disolved in xylene at above 120°C and films were prepared on a piece of hot glass at 110°C and then cooled slowly to room temperature. (for 2-3 hours). The sperulitic films were drawn with various ratio at 20°C and 60°C. The deformation behaviour of the films at room temperature depends on the crystallization condition.
The results obtained are as follows.,
1) No deformation of spherulites was observed by polarising microscope in the range within the elastic limits at 20°C and 60°C.
2) In the range where the strain is proportional to stress, the deformation of spherulites starts from the center at both temperature.
3) In the high stretching the extinction ring was observed in the necking part. This indicates that the crystal lamellae remains without unfolding.
4) When cross nicol is set in the direction of 45° to the drawing direction, the angle between the cross extinction lines observed in necking part becomes smaller than 90°.
5) In lower stretching the extension of spherulite is of affine deformation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5311K) -
第1報 柞蚕絹糸腺内凝固フィブロインに関するX線的研究平林 潔, 近藤 慶之, 呉 祐吉1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 199-203
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe silk glands of matured tussah silkworms were dried under various conditions. X-ray diffraction patterns of coagulated silk fibroin of those silk glands were examined in comparison with those of silk gut and poly-L-alanine fiber. Their features are summarized as follows:
1) As for silk fibroin from the posterior divison of silk gland, the striking change in its X-ray patterns was observed when it was dried at 50°C or over. It showed a pattern typical of unoriented aggregation of β-form crystallites.
2) When dried at room temperature, silk fibroin gives the pattern which might be considered as indicating an unoriented α-helical structure in the posterior division of silk gland, and unoriented fiber structure (β-form), in the anterior division of silk gland.
3) Silk fibroin shows X-ray pattern typical of the β-form after being dipped in a polar solvent like alcohol and dried.
4) X-ray diffraction patterns of silk fibroin from the posterior division of silk gland dries at less than 56°C indicates the presence of a broard 7.4 A reflection. From comparative examination on the X-ray patterns of silk gut and poly-L-alanine fiber, and on the infrared spectra of silk fibroin films, it seems that the fibroin molecule container some α-helical conformation mingled in random coil structure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1388K) -
第2報 柞蚕テグスとフィルムについてのX線的研究平林 潔, 近藤 慶之, 呉 祐吉1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 204-207
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSilk glands of matured tussah silkworms were dipped in 1% acetic acid solution for 2 minutes and drawn to make silk gut. X-ray diffraction patterns of these silk guts were obtained and compared with those of poly-L-alanine fibers. From these results it may say that the presence of αhelical conformation are detected in the silk gut. We also found that the skin of silk gut contained oriented β-form and that the core contained some α-helical conformation. These α-helical conformation changed to β-form upon further drawing.
Films of tussah silk fibroin cast after being dispersed with water and dried shows amorphous X-ray patterns with broad rings. It also indicates that some α-helical conformation existed in random coil molecule in silk glands. It is also known that the films show the β-form especially when they are dipped in alcohol or when the solution from which films are prepared are contaminated with haemolyph of the silkworm used.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1337K) -
第7報 過酸化水素酸化セルロースの製紙におよぼす影響高橋 史朗1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 208-212
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThree oxycelluloses were obtained by oxidizing purified linter with an acidic solution of H2O2 at room temperature. They contained (3.9, 0.9, 1.8), (8.0, 4.5, 8.5) and (18.8, 7.5, 8.6) m mole of aldehyde, carboxyl and ketone groups per 100g sample, respectively. These oxycelluloses and purified linter were beaten and sheeted after various amounts of rosin, Kaoline and Al2(SO4)3 were added.
Beating does not change oxidized group contents, Cu values, alkali solubilities and the crystallinities of the samples. The rate of beating of the slightly oxidized samples is faster than that of the purified linter, but that of the higher oxidized samples decreases with increase in the amounts of oxidized groups.
Considering specific external surafce and degree of swelling, it is deduced that the external and internal fibrillation are gradually increased by beating and by the increase in the amounts of oxidized groups. This latter behavior of this oxycellulose is contrary to NO2-, NaIO4-, K2Cr2O7- and NaClO-oxycelluloses.
Moderate oxidation with H2O2 and the beating result in the increase of entanglement of the fibers, the transparencies, the mechanical strength and the whiteness of the papers, in which H2O2 oxidation is superior to oxidation with other reagents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (379K) -
竹パルプのヘミセルロースについて大江 礼三郎, 水野 忠男1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 213-221
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe authors have successfully prepared pulp from East Pakistani bamboo on an industrial scale. Emphasis of the present study is laid on hemicellulose of bamboo, and the following observations are made:
(1) The pentosan content in the inner zone of the bamboo culms, in which there exists coarsely scattered buscular bunds and dense parenchymatous cells, is higher than that in the outer one.
(2) From the result of paper partition chromatography, it is found that large part of hemicellulose of bamboo is pentosan (xylan) and there exists a small quantity of araban, but no free monosaccharides.
(3) During the prehydrolysis of bamboo chips in water, araban is readily removed and then xylan is changed to furfural by stepwise degradation. Also a part of pentosan togather with a part of lignin is changed into resineous substance which is soluble in hot alkali solution.
(4) The rayon grade pulp prepared from bamboo by the sulfate prehydrolysis and the multistage bleaching (including chlorine dioxide treatment) contains xylan and a small quantity of araban.
The rayon filaments spun from the viscose prepared from the bamboo pulp contain a small quantity of xylan, a large part of which exists in amorphous region of the bamboo fibers.
The removal of xylan in rayon seems to be more difficult than in the case of wood pulp.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (511K) -
第3報 黄変不織布の脱色と復色西本 秀雄, 辻 三郎1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 222-231
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe various bleaching methods of non-wovens which is yellowed by a fademeter were studied. Non-woven fabrics of polyester fiber (Tetron) and butadiene-styrene copolymer latex (Hycar 2570×5), were made and then we applied to the fademeter. The yellowed non-wovens were treated with some oxidizing and reducing agents and the bleaching activities of these agents were investigated.
These agents can be clasgified into two groups. Oxidizing agents such as water suspension of CaOCl2, acidic solution of K2Cr2O7, neutral solution of H2N2 and reducing agent such as neutral solution of Na2SO3, attack only _??_C=O which occurrs in the yellowed Hycar 2570×5.
On the other hand, acidic solution of KMnO4 and neutral solution of CH3COO2H seems to attack not only _??_C=O, but also other radicals. Therefore the bleaching activities of these oxidizing and reducing agents do not necessarily depend upon the oxidation-reduction potential of them. The recoloration properties of the bleached non-wovens are nearly in the inverse proportion to the weight-decrease in bleaching treatment.
H2O2-oxidation for bleaching may be recommended because of much weight-decrease and lessrecoloration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (523K) -
第4報 結合剤の適用方法と強伸度の関係西本 秀雄, 和田 晴彦1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 232-238
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSome physical properties of non-wovens which are manufactured by the methods of dip-squeeze, dip-suction and only spraying have been studied.
In previous report, a new experimenai formula concerning the breaking stress of non-wovens in the small range of binder contents has been proposed. The present, deals with the generalization of the formula which could be applied also to the breaking stress of non-wovens in the wide range, of binder contents.
The generalized formula is as follows;-
In which 3/8. λa bn corresponds with the so-called Michie's O-span strength of non-wovens and e_??_ repressents a factor depending on the content and the adhesive force of binders.
Generally speaking, the tensile stregth of products based on the dip-squeeze and dip-suction methods is 2-time greater than that of spray method products. On the other hand, the elongation could not be distinguished between these three kinds of products.
The shape of the stress-strain curve of non-wovens dose not depend on their manufacturing methods, but it is chiefly determined by the degree of slackness in the fiber network of webs and is essentially equal to the shape of the stress-strain cuve of fiber itself.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1734K) -
(VIII)空気中熱処理に伴うポリアクリロニトりル繊維の糸質の変化一耐炎化繊維の調製条件の検討宮道 一夫, 斎藤 豊, 片山 将道1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. 239-245
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTo examine the heating condition to prepare a flame-proofed fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber was heat-treated in air at temperatures in excess of 180°C and tensile properties of the heat-treated ones were measured. Since polyacrylonitrile fiber was observed to decompose rapidly at around 250°C and yield a brittle residue, the fiber preheated at 240°C (or 230°C) was used for heat-tre-atment at temperatures above 250°C. Measurements were also carried out on weight, fiber length, elementary analysis, X-ray and density.
In the range of 180_??_240°C, weight, tensile strength and breaking elongation decrease with increasing of heating time and of heating temperature. However, the tensile properties of the flameproofed fibers obtained are almost same since flame-proofness appears with a shorter heating time at a higher temperature.
Changes in tensile properties with elevation of heat-treatment temperature show different behaviours depending on temperture range. Namely, both tenacity and elongation decrease in the range of 180_??_250°C, but turn to increase from 250°C to 300°C and then decrease again above 300°C. It is observed moreover that on each curve of the weight-loss vs. temperature and the shrinkage vs. temperature, an inflection point is present the values increasing with a larger rate above 260_??_280°C, These phenomena are discussed with the results on X-ray, elementary analysis and density.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1527K) -
1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. S186
発行日: 1967年
公開日: 2009/03/26
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (88K) -
堀尾 正雄1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. S128-S147
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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椿 茂雄1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. S148-S153
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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矢沢 将英1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. S154-S157
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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多田 義光1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. S158-S161
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
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久世 栄一1967 年 23 巻 5 号 p. S162-S174
発行日: 1967/05/10
公開日: 2009/03/26
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1046K)
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