巻号一覧
41 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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成沢 郁夫1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. P81-P88
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (581K) -
小形 信男1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. P89-P95
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (536K) -
高田 忠彦1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. P96-P101
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2512K) -
繊維の微細構造と力学的特性清水 二郎, 奥居 徳昌, 玉置 茂紀, 今井 義隆, 高久 明1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T101-T108
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーNylon 66 fibers have been produced by high speed melt spinning method in the range of take-up velocity 500 to 8, 000m/min. Physical properties of as-spun nylon 66 fibers strongly depend on the passage of time after spinning, as shown in the case of nylon 6. Fibers spun in the range of 500-3000m/min exhibit spontaneous elongation with the passage of time and those spun above 4, 000 m/min contract immediately after removal from the take-up bobbin. Fibers elongate during the time conditioning in the atmosphere, 25°C and RH=50%, for 24 hours and crystallization of the fibers can be easily induced by water, which can penetrate the fiber surface. Maximum elongation of the conditioned fibers is found at a take-up speed of ca. 2, 000m/min and contraction starts at 4, 000 m/min.
Birefringence of the conditioned fibers largely increases with take-up speed up to 2, 000m/min but small changes in birefringence are found from this take-up speed onwards. On the other hand, an increase density of the fibers starts at the take-up speed of 3, 000m/min. At spinning speeds above 4, 000m/min, the fibers show a definitive x-ray crystalline diffraction pattern and are constructed with well developed fiber structure based on high crystalline orientation, high crystalline perfection and large crystallite sizes. In such fiber structure, amorphous chains are stretched and frozen between the lamellar crystals. The stretched molecules, taut tie molecules, cause a superheating behavior on DSC thermogram and strongly affect mechanical properties.
Fibers spun at speeds below 3, 000m/min exhibit spontaneous increase in tenacity and Young's modulus but they show levelling-off in the range of 3, 000-5, 000m/min and then increase again from these spinning speeds onwards. On annealing, Young's modulus of the fibers spun at take-up speeds above 4, 000-5, 000m/min decrease. This is caused by relaxation of the constrained molecules. On the other hand, an increase in Young's modulus is observed when fibers spun at speeds below 4, 000-5, 000m/min are annealed. This is attributed to the effect of increasing crystallinity which compensates that of relaxation of the oriented molecules.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (956K) -
村山 隆之1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T109-T113
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー波動伝播法は多くの材料の動的弾性率の決定に採用されている。しかし,この超音波法は固体の内部摩擦測定には充分に利用されていない。
本法では,波動伝播法による固体の内部摩擦測定法の理論と実験について述べた。新しい装置と測定方法についても討論を行った。
ポリイミド,ポリエーテルイミド,ポリエーテルサルホン,ポリフェニレンオキサイドなどの内部摩擦は小さい値であった。これは,これらの高分子が剛直鎖であり,高いガラス転移温度をもつことを示している。この方法は内部摩擦の非破壊測定法として有意義であり,新分野への応用が期待される。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (294K) -
田中 信行, 宮崎 哲男, 後藤 満1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T114-T116
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe strain recovery elasticity caused by the rapid removal of a load m2 from the load (ml+m2) on a fiber was studied for the poly (vinylidene fluoride) fibers. The spring constant C of a poly (vinylidene fluoride) fiber was given by where X is the initial velocity of strain recovery at t (time)=O and G is the gravitational acceleration. In the range of m1<1.8kg, the values of C were obtained in the low and high loading ranges of m2 (m2<0.6_??_0.8kg and m2>1.0_??_1.2kg), respectively. The C in the high loading range was larger than that in the low loading range. Increasing m1, the both values of C decreased with mutual approach and coincided in the range of m1>1.8kg. The m1=1.8kg corresponded to an yield strength in the strength vs. elongation curve. The value of C in the range of m2>1.0_??_1.2kg under m1>0.5kg was almost constant and was in fair agreement with the calculated spring constant of the poly (vinylidene fluoride) form I crystallite (1.67×109 dyne/cm).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (183K) -
小森 尚志1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T117-T119
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー多結晶体や複合材料の結晶粒間,成分間界面の集合系について,その異方分布の定量的表現法を述べる。界面系の異方性を,局所界面配向の分布密度関数で表現し,これを系の断面における観測から得られる量に基いて推定するための基礎式を導びく。また,この式から系の全界面積を推定するための総和則を導びく。これらの手法が,繊維配向分布のステレオロジー的推定に関する著者らの既報の方法と,数学的に双対関係にあることにも触れる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (216K) -
中山 晃1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T120-T124
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn this study, the bending behavior of laminated cloths with stitched parallel seam lines (stitch pitch; p) and laminated cloths with cross seam lines were examined in various deflecting conditions.
The results are as follows:
(1) In the case of laminated cloths with parallel seam lines stitched along the lateral direction, the bending rigidities of nonstitched parts between the seam lines stepped down from (EI)1 to (EI)2 (where (EI)2>(EI)2), when the mean deflection angle, _??_A, of the nonstitched parts exceeded the critical deflection angle _??_crt.
Consequently, if _??_crt, (EI1) and (EI)2 were previously obtained using model specimen (i), the bending behavior of the above-mentioned laminated cloths in various deflecting conditions could be evaluated by the flow chart shown in Fig. 6.
(2) If sufficient width were given to specimens, the bending behavior of laminated cloths with parallel seam lines stitched along the longitudinal direction or along the bias direction could be practically analyzed using the method developed for the seamed monolayer cloths3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (345K) -
勢田 二郎, 竹野 美奈, 島田 太朗, 伊藤 泰輔1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T125-T130
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of pressure on the diffusion coefficient D of p-aminoazobenzene in cellulose diacetate swollen with water, benzene and n-alcohols of structure CnH2n+1OH was investigated at 80°C under high hydrostatic pressures up to 1500 bar. From the pressure dependence of D, the activation volume, ΔV_??_, for the diffusion was found to be 20.9 cm3/mol for the water swollen and 39.5 cm3/mol for the benzene swollen system, while, for n-alcohols, ΔV_??_ was found to increase linearly with the increase in the carbon number n, from 17.7 cm3/mol for n-propanol to 42.9 cm3/mol for n-heptanol, resulting in a ΔV_??_ increment of 6 cm3/mol per one methylene unit. On the other hand, the degree of swelling, S, of cellulose diacetate was obtained to be approximately the same in benzene and in all the alcohols, 19-20%. This value of S was more than twice as large as the value found in water (S=7.5%).
The above results were apparently inconsistent with our previous argument that ΔV_??_ should decrease with increasing degree of swelling which supplies the larger free volume and hence reduced ΔV_??_. A diffusion mechanism was proposed for the increased occupied volume of the diffusant due to the solvation by a specific solvent. Thus the volume of the Eyring's hole for accommodation of the activated diffusant increases with increasing number of solvation as well as increasing intrinsic volume of the solvent molecule. During these processes, it is to be noticed that the free volume effect due to the swelling, which has been proposed in a previous study, is superseded by the effect of solvation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (392K) -
鈴木 洋正, 石井 美治, 山下 雄也1985 年 41 巻 3 号 p. T131-T137
発行日: 1985/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe photofading of Acridine Orange N in dioxane-ethanol mixture has been studied in the presence of copolymers having 2-hydroxybenzophenone (HBP) group as a ultraviolet absorptive group on the polymer side-chain, 2-hydroxy-4-(3-methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-benzophenone (BPMA) homopolymer, polystyrene (PSt), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (HMBP).
PSB was obtained by copolymerization of styrene (St) with BPMA, and PMB also obtained by copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with BPMA. PSB contained St unit (main-chain) and HBP unit (8.9_??_14.2%), and PMB contained MMA unit (main-chain) and HBP unit (3.7_??_7.2%), while BPMA homopolymer (PBPMA) contained 100% HBP unit.
The results of photofading of Acridine Orange N in the solutions containing these polymers or DHBP are summarised as follows. PSB, PMB, PBPMA and HMBP played roles of retarder on the photofading rate of the dye, with the effects in the following order: PSB>PBPMA>HMBP>PMB.
A slight retardation effect was also observed with PSt, while PMMA acted as an accelerator. From these results it is reasonably concluded that the differences in the dye protective behaviors for light between PSB and PMB must be associated with the structural features, in particular, in the main-chain of these polymers.
The fading of the dye was more marked with light in the wavelength region of 300_??_400nm than in the wavelengths >400nm, and the retarding action of HBP group was remarkably observed with 300_??_400nm light.
Stern-Volmer plot (see Fig. 5) showed that HBP group acts as quenchers in the case of the low concentration of these additives.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (512K)
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