繊維学会誌

ポリグルタミン酸繊維の延伸について

高橋重三, 相宅省吾

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. T367-T374
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_T367

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A conc. aqueous solution of poly (sodium-L-glutamate) (PSLG) was spun in aqueous acid solutions. The effect of drawing conditions including the drafting, spinning-drawing and after-drawing were discussed in relation to the molecular chain conformation, crystal-type and mechanical properties of the resulting fibers.
Drafting; When the H₃PO₄ solution was used as a coagulant, not only the extruded fluid filament became thinner, but also the molecular chains were extended and the β-type crystals were formed in the drafting process. When the HCl solution was used as a coagulant the α-type crystals were formed.
Spinning-drawing; The spinning-drawing process was carried out after the drafting. The semicoagulated filaments were drawn between the 1st and the 2nd rollers above the coagulation bath. When the H₃PO₄ solution was used as a coagulant, the β-type crystals were formed and highly oriented. On the contrary, the HCl solution was used as a coagulant, the α-type crystals were formed and slightly oriented.
After-drawing; The filament containing H₃PO₄ was wound up on a bobbin. The α-type crystal was formed in the filament. In the after-drawing process, the filament was drawn between two rollers in air, in a H₃PO₄ solution or in water at various temperatures. When the after-drawing was carried out at temperatures below 70°C, the filament superior in quality was obtained, and the β-type crystal was formed in the drawn filament which was highly oriented. Whereas, the after-drawing was carried out at temperatures above 70°C, the filament was broken.
The filament with excellent mechanical properties was obtained by the combination of the drawing processes in the drafting and in the spinning-drawing.

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せん断変形したハイドロキシプロピルセルロース液晶溶液中のバンド構造

高橋重三, 柴田健一, 野村春治, 黒川正隆

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. T375-T380
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_T375

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Band structure in the hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) specimen shear-deformed at liquid crystalline state has been examined by the X-ray diffraction, small angle light scattering and microscopic observation. There appeared the periodic band structure perpendicular to the direction of shear, when axially oriented liquid crystalline specimens were relaxed freely for several tens second. Band width, crystalline orientation in the band and light scattering from these band structures were investigated for thin-film from 50% HPC liquid crystalline solution.
H_v scattering exhibited two-point patterns extending at right angle to bands, and the maximum of scattering intensity was observed from which the period of band was estimated. The obtained value, 3μm was twice of band width. Crystallographic C-axis, chain direction, in band were inclined about 40 degrees to the direction of shear and the direction of inclination changed alternately from band to band.

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ジメチルスルホキシドー水系溶液からのシンジオタクチシティに富んだポリビニルアルコールの流動結晶化

山浦和男, 浜口真佐樹, 六代直樹, 田村早都子, 松沢秀二

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. T381-T385
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_T381

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シンジオタクチシティに富むポリビニルアルコールのジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)-水系溶液からの流動結晶化をDMSO含量0～40%の範囲で研究した。DMSO含量5vol%の混合液の溶液からの結晶化速度は最大であった。また,繊維状結晶化物が撹拌初期に溶液表面の下に生じた。溶媒和の増加に伴う溶液中の分子コイルの膨張が結晶化速度を増加させ,吸着にもとづく表面での分子コイルの伸長が核形成を促進すると考えた。

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熱抵抗モデルの適用による樹脂-シラスバルーン複合材の熱伝導率の試算

鈴木淳

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. T386-T391
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_T386

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The heat conductivity of the resin composite filled with shirasu balloons was studied on the basis of the heat-resistance model, by which the calculated values were recognized to be in good agreement with the experimental values. The equation derived involves such factors as the size distribution, the external wall-thickness and the filled or broken quantity of shirasu balloons. The effects of the above factors on the heat conductivity were estimated from the calculated values.
The results suggested that shirasu balloons of the size distribution above medium size, which had the radius of the particle above 100μ, were suitable to reduce the heat conductivity. It was necessary for effective thermal insulation to be thin in the external wall-thickness and to be small in the broken quantity too.

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綿布の化学的性質-綿布に対するメタクリル酸メチルの光グラフト共重合

金澤等, 加藤敏子, 西田健三

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. T392-T397
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_T392

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綿布へのメタクリル酸メチルのグラフト共重合を,過酸化水索を光増感剤に用い,メタノールー水混合系にて365nmの単色光を照射して行った。メタノールー水の混合比を変化させてグラフト共重合を行った結果,メタノールの体積が約36%にてグラフト率の極大を得た。グラフト率は光照射6時間までは増加するが,それ以上の照射を続けると減少した。グラフト率35.0%と53.9%の布について,グラフトポリマーの平均重合度はそれぞれ, 14,500と15,100であった。グラフト化布の物性を測定した結果,光劣化による引張強度の低下が認められなかった。破断強度は若干低下したが,曲げ抵抗は増大した。また,極めて高い〓水性が得られた。さらに,グラフト布は浸染,熱転写捺染ともに,堅牢度の高い染色性を示した。

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アクリル繊維の熱安定化処理による密度変化

高久明, 照井俊, 多賀二十志, 奥居徳昌, 清水二郎

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. T398-T404
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_T398

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The density changes of acrylic fibers by isothermal stabilization at temperatures from 221 to 281°C have been investigated. The density increased with increasing heat treatment time and reached independently of heat treatment temperature a value of about 1.58_??_1.60g/cm³ at longer heat treatment times. The molecular weight and molecular volume per repeat unit of polymer of the original and heat-treated fibers were calculated from elemental constitutions and density by assuming that _??_ repeat unit contains three carbon atoms in average. By the heat treatment in air the molecular weight increased up to about 11%, and the molecular volume decreased up to about 17%. The deference in densities between the acrylonitrile copolymer fibers heat-treated in air and in a silicone oil bath was small at initial periods of the heat treatments. This indicates that with the copolymer fibers the density change at initial periods of the heat treatment in air is mainly due to a volumetric shrinkage accompanied with the cyclization of nitrile side groups from initiation centers already present in the fibers. Polyacrylonitrile homopolymer fibers showed a distinctive retardation in the relation between density and heat treatment time. This retardation is attributed to the fact that the formation of initiation centers of the cyclization in homopolymer fibers is rate-determined by the diffusion of oxygen from the atmosphere into the fibers.

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THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF HIGH-SPEED SPINNING

Andrzej Ziabicki

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. P409-P417
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_P409

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紡糸流れのシミュレーション

加瀬晋

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. P418-P426
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_P418

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空気力学から見た紡糸境界層

久保昇三

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. P427-P433
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_P427

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高分子の結晶化から見た紡糸流れの基礎方程式

片山健一, 尹文求

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. P434-P441
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_P434

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超高速回転における軸受の諸問題

矢部寛

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. P442-P447
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_P442

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衣服内気候と快適性

山田晶子

1982 年 38 巻 9 号 p. P449-P456
発行日: 1982/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.38.9_P449

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