巻号一覧
32 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
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大岡 忠三1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. P65-P75
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2555K) -
斉藤 隆則1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. P76-P83
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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石鍋 孝夫, 佐々木 孝行, 石川 欣造1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T85-T91
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn amorphous polyethylene terephthalate film was drawn to a predetermined length at 80°C in a silicone oil bath, and was fixed at the length. Thermal shrinkage behaviors of such drawn sample were investigated.
For the sample of 45% elongation, the isotherms of recovery below 81°C are superposable by horizontal shift along the time axis; temperature dependence of the logarithmic shift factor is in good accord with the Arrhenius equation rather than the WLF equation. Such superposition is, however, impossible for the isotherms above 86°C as well as those of 250% elongation sample. The thermal shrinkage is restrained by crystallization of the sample since for 40% elongation sample strain of amorphous chains relaxes as a result of formation of small crystallites in them and for 250% elongation one growth of orientated crystals in a stretching direction.
With increasing extension the transition temperature where the drawn samples begin to shrink decreases for small elongation region below 80% whereas it increases for larger one. The variation of the transition point with extension has a similar tendency to the density change of the sample; the point is considered to correspond to Tg. Such property is well explained by assuming “iso-hole fraction” at Tg on the basis of the lattice theory.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (955K) -
三浦 義人1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. P89-P96
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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田川 高司, 田渕 稔英, 鹿島 勝1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T91-T94
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーChanges in the processes of drawing and/or annealing of polyethylene films were clearly shown by Cf values as described in the previous reports. However, it was also found some anomaly that the Cf does not depend on lamellar thickness (long period). These results were found in comparison of Cf values of solution grown crystals with those of melt grown crystals. In this report two series of the specimens having different lamellar thickness were prepared. The one was solution grown lamellae crystallized at different temperatures and the other those thicken by annealing at different temperatures. The theoretical relationship between Cf and long period was found in the former but not in the latter. Another anomaly was found in a melt-quenched specimen which has low degree of crystallinity. From these results, it was considered that the anomaly would be attributed to the difference between the fold conformation of the lamellae crystallized from solution and that from melt.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (304K) -
大村 寧1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T95-T102
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIt was reported that compressive modulus of flexible polyurethane foams seem to be an important physical property corresponding to sensory value “hardness”8, 9), and compressive modulus of this substance is anisotropic between parallel and perpendicular to rising direction7). In this paper, as a continued report of the ones above mentioned7-9), the anisotropy of compressive modulus in any direction of this substance is mainly referred. In the first half, the certification of the adaptability of elastostatics to the anisotropy of compressive modulus of foams, whose specimens are large enough to be treated homogeneously, and in the latter half, using the result of the first half conversely, the minimum largeness of specimen regarded as the homogeneous substance for compression, are discussed.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) Compressive modulus Y of foams is anisotropic in the longitude plane, but is isotropic in the equator plane (see Fig. 2). Accordingly, the anisotropy of Y depends on the complementary angle β of the latitude.
2) The anisotropy Y(β) in the longitude plane of foam is expressed as, And the results of the calculations on the above equation showed a good agreement with the observed values of Y(β). Accordingly, the reason for being of the anisotropy of Y(β) in the longitude plane is explained as K(=lz/lx)_??_1. Where, lz and lx are the sizes of cell in parallel and in perpendicular to rising direction, and Yz is compressive modulus in parallel to rising direction.
3) Any specimen to which was given direction of β for measuring of Y(β) must have at least [N]=20-odd numbers of layers of cells along the line of thickness of specimen, in order to treat it homogeneously in case of compression test. And, the minimum thickness [t] of specimen, regarded as the homogeneous substance, depends on the size of cell and β.
4) When the direction of the thickness of the specimen is in line with the diagonal line of a cell, the number of cells per unit length in the thickness of the specimen is minimum. And, [t] of this direction is enough to be applicable to any specimen having direction of β. Where, [t] is calculated from抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (514K) -
鎌田 佳伸, 原田 雅之, 木下 陸肥路, 志村 奉美1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T102-T108
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe sewing needle-temperature rises considerably in accordance with increase of machine velocity and the number of fabric layers. The temperature rises under constant number of fabric layers increases rapidly first and then slowly, and may level off at very high machine velocity. The dependence of the temperature rise under constant machine velocity on the number of fabric layers has also similar behaviors described above.
The complex shape of the needle is simplified as a semi-infinite rod having a uniform cross-sectional area. Then, it was derived the reasonable formula of the needle-temperature rises as a function of machine velocity and the number of fabric layers during the sewing without thread. This formula explains the relationship between the heat generation for a needle to move in and out of fabrics and the heat dissipation from the needle surface. The dissipation involves both the heat transfer to air and the heat transmission to fabrics. The formula has well-agreed not only with the experimental results but also with those reported in the literature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (982K) -
馬越 芳子, 石川 欣造1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T108-T120
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTo study the analysis of fabric structure and classification in the silk fabric, it is necessary to make clear upon the geometrical arrangement of silk fibers in yarns, and yarns in fabric. For this purpose, Fraunhofer diffraction is effective to classify silk plain fabric. We measured on Fraunhofer diffraction using ‘Crape’ which is one of typical silk plain fabrics.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) To apply Fraunhofer diffraction method for two dimensional structure of silk plain fabric having stereo-structure, the pattern of fabric projects was used. By this method, some structure of yarn and fabric can be detected.
2) In the standardized specimens of Crape silk fabrics, creping fabrics are ranked by Fraunhofer diffraction patterns. This ranking has good correlation with the results of the projection method.
3) It was found by means of Fraunhofer pattern that size and form of creping were greatly differed by the yarn number per cm of fabric and yarn denier.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6649K) -
小笠原 真次, 加藤 敏男, 黒岩 茂隆1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T121-T125
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーIn order to investigate the mechanism of the improvement in wet fastness of acid dyes on nylon by after-treatment with tannic acid (Chinese gallotannin), the diffusion of monoazo acid dyes, Orange II (C. I. Acid Orange 7) and Diacid Supra Red 3B (C. I. Acid Red 35), in the nylon 6 films containing various amounts of tannic acid up to 4.46%, was measured by the film roll method.
Diffusion profiles obtained were divided into ionic (type I) and nonionic (type N) parts, and the diffusion coefficients of both parts at zero concentration of dyes, D0I and D0N, were estimated by extrapolation of respective profiles, and the fraction of ionic part, I/I+N, was calculated as a measure of the tendency of ionic diffusion of dye in nylon.
With increase of tannic acid content in nylon, the uptake of both dyes at its surface decreased more rapidly than the decrease of amino endgroup content of nylon, and the diffusion coefficients of both dyes decreased markedly.
The I/I+N value for Orange II was increased apparently from nearly 0 in untreated nylon to about 70% in nylon containing only 0.44% tannic acid, but was almost unchanged for further adsorption, whereas that for Diacid Supra Red 3B which may be taken as more ionic than Orange II was 100% throughout in all cases.
From these results, it seems most reasonable to conclude that the main reason for improvement in wet fastness properties of monoazo acid dyes is lowering of the rate of diffusion of dye by two effects, i.e., the electrostatic repulsion between dye anion and the negative charge of dissociated hydroxyl group of tannic acid and filling up of the pores with tannic acid in nylon.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (354K) -
丁子 敬子, 岡島 三郎, 唐沢 幹雄, 長沢 仁志1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T126-T129
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA roll of nylon 6 film dyed with p-aminoazobenzene (PAAB) was heated at 120°C in a vacuum (5×10-3 Torr) for 10_??_20 hrs and from the concentration distribution of PAAB obtained, diffusion coefficient D of the dye in nylon in the absence of water was calculated by means of Sekido and Matsui1) (M method).
D was also determined by measuring the rate of sublimation from a single layer of the dyed nylon film (S method).
From these results following conclusions were obtained:
(1) When the specimen was dyed so long that the dye concentration attained equilibrium value, D values from both methods were in good accordance.
(2) Even when the dyeing was not attained the equilibrium, the D value obtained by M method was equal to that obtained in (1).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (282K) -
坂本 宗仙, 手代木 琢磨, 顔 娩梅, 崔 錫哲, 今井 淑夫1976 年 32 巻 3 号 p. T130-T133
発行日: 1976/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen bis (p-isocyanatophenyl) disulfide (BIPhD) was resolved into dimethylacetamide and kept at ambient temperature in the presence or in the absence of cotton cellulose, it was polymerized to afford an isocyanurate derivative. When the polymer was treated in a mixture of methanol and water with tri-n-butyl phosphine which was a reductant of disulfide bond, the part of the six membered ring was degraded to give a urea structure. The trimer and the dimer of phenyl isocyanate were also cleaved to afford sym-diphenyl urea in a similar condition. When cotton cellulose was treated with BIPhD in dimethylacetamide at 120°C, it was found that urethane bonds were formed, most of which contributed to the formation of crosslinking.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (238K)
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