巻号一覧
31 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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西海 四郎1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. P63-P67
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1345K) -
自念 栄一1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. P68-P79
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2269K) -
岩戸 昇, 小林 靖二1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T69-T77
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーOrientation mechanism during the two-step biaxial stretching with film width unrestrained were studied mainly by means of x-ray and DSC methods. Four cases of the stretching and the restretching temperatures were examined. One of the cases gives the Type III orientation and the others the Type II orientation.
When the restretching proceeds (in the Type II) the fibrils oriented to pp direction rotate gradually toward ps direction (in the range of v2<4_??_5), while some fibrils oriented to ps direction are newly developed over v2=3. The long period in the newly developed fibrils are larger than that in the original fibrils at v2=1.1_??_1.3. It suggests that the tie molecules between crystal brocks in the fibrils seem to be elongated. The long period also depends on T2.
As T2 is higher than T1 about 20°C (Type III) premelting of the lamellae proceeds significantly to the crystal core. Then, at the lower restretching ratio (v2=1.3_??_4) some intermolecular crystals oriented to ps direction are developed with the chains unfolded from the premelting lamellae. At the higher restretching ratio (v2=4_??_9), the remaining fibrils in which the crystals have become stable by the annealing effect during the restretching may be not only unfolded but also destructed into small folded chain brocks. Then the brocks may be arranged in the fibrils newly developed to ps direction in addition to the unfolded chains. Such fringed-like structure seems to be observed in the films restretched at 150°C (about v2=4).
Change in dimensions of the films during the restretching at the various temperatures can be explained in relation to the change of the fine structure above mentioned. In general, change in dimension is small when the rotation of the fibrils mainly occurs.
Each of DSC melting curves in the Type II orientation has a shoulder below Tm2 at the higher restretching ratio (v2>4). The shoulder may correspond to the melting of the fibrils which are newly developed in ps direction. Changes in Tm2, Tm3 and ΔH during the restretching at the various temperatures are considered to depend not only on thermal stability of the crystals, but also on many other factors. Especially at the higher restretching ratio, the strain of the tie molecules between crystal brocks has an important effect. After consideration of the effect, the results of the thermal analysis support the interpretation that the difference of the two types of orientation occurs from the crystal state of the premelting in the original fibrils.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2940K) -
Hiraku Ando, Takashi Kondo, Takeo Sakaguchi, Hiroshi Inagaki1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T78-T81
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーMerino wool fibers have been reduced with thioglycolic acid in nearly saturated aqueous solutions of sodium chloride, in a hope that one could restrict reduction reaction to the peripheral region of fibers so that the cuticular cells are removed by a subsequent dissolution process without chemical modification of the cortical cells. Though no successful result concerning our original aim was achieved, some interesting microscopic observations were made for the cross-sections of sample fibers, which were reduced and then S-carboxymethylated. After staining of the fibers with a basic dye, their cross-sections exhibited a distinctive boundary line at the interface between the ortho- and paracortex. The condition and cause for appearance of such lines are investigated experimentally and discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (290K) -
村山 宏1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. P80-P87
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (564K) -
Hiraku Ando, Yoshiharu Nakamura, Hiroshi Inagaki1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T81-T85
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーUltrasonic irradiation conditions under which the cuticular cells can be removed perfectly from Merino wool without giving any mechanical as well as chemical damage to the cortical entity have been investigated. An 80% aqueous solution of dichloroacetic acid as the medium for ultrasonication was found to be important, and various aspects of the action of dichloroacetic acid have been observed. It has been presumed that liberation of cuticle is caused essentially by dissolution and/or dispersion of the cell membrane complex and intercellular materials into dichloroacetic acid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2085K) -
羽賀 敏雄1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T86-T91
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe amorphous structure of undrawn nylon 6 fiber is discussed in relation to the anomalous diffusion of trichloroethylene and chloroform. The increase of apparent diffusion coefficient in the swelling process is attributed to the relaxation of the amorphous nylon 6 chains interacting with solvents. The amount of the relaxed interchain bond in the presence of solvents may be estimated by the increase of apparent diffusion coefficient. No correlation was found between the amount of the relaxed interchain bond and the tanδ peak temperature. The result may be estimated by an order distribution and the existence of the intermediate order region including a number of the relaxed interchain bond.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
鴨川 博美1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. P88-P92
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (312K) -
酒井 豊子, 宮坂 啓象, 石川 欣造1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T91-T95
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTemperature dependence of the rate of diffusion of dyes in Nylon film was investigated by a sublimation method. It was found that the temperature dependence of the rate of the diffusion is described by W. L. F. relation rather than by Arrhenius type, and that a master curve (composite curve) can be obtained for different dyes by shifting the log D-temperature curves along the temperature axis. The composite curve thus reduced into that of PNA can be well expressed by W. L. F. equation. The shift temperature, defined in the composition, increases with the increase in the molecular weight of dye, though the rate of increase in the shift temperature is different between azo- and anthraquinone dyes. These results are similar to those obtained for PET in previous paper. It is considered that the product of constants of W. L. F. equation, C1 and C2, is probably universal constant of W. L. F. equation for various polymer-dye system. As the values of C1 C2 is 384 for this work, the values obtained from the references are almost in the range of 300-400.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (316K) -
高橋 璋, 高橋 史朗, 新井 幸太郎1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T96-T100
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCopolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN)-styrene (St) was carried out in an aqueous medium in the presence of cellulosic materials (cotton linter (C) or dialdehyde cellulose (H)) using ceric salt (Ce salt) or ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The effects of initiator and zinc chloride on the conversion and the alternating tendency of copolymers obtained were examined.
Copolymerization by ceric salt initiator: Total conversion and per cent grafting increased with the AN content in the feed in the presence and the absence of zinc chloride, and the total conversion was enhanced by the addition of cellulosic materials.
The monomer reactivity ratios of copolymers were determined by the Fineman-Ross method. Alternating tendency of the ungrafted copolymers obtained in the presence of cellulosic materials, especially dialdehyde cellulose, is higher than that in the absence of cellulose. Alternating tendency of the grafted copolymers is higher than that of the ungrafted copolymers in the presence of zinc chloride.
Copolymerization by ammonium persulfate initiator: Total conversion and per cent grafting increased in the presence of cellulosic materials, and decreased in the presence of zinc chloride.
Alternating tendency of copolymers obtained in the absence of cellulosic materials using APS initiator is higher than that obtained in the presence of cellulose (H>C) using Ce salt. Presumably the alternating copolymer was obtained in the presence of such catalyst as APS irrespective of the formation of monomer-cellulose-water complexes.
Graft copolvmerization onto cellulose derivatives IX.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (303K) -
磯部 恵以子, 中島 利誠1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T101-T103
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe availability of the pyrolysis gas chromatography is reported for rapid analysis of the acetyl content of cellulose acetates. Cellulose triacetate were analysed by pyrolysis gas chromatography, and a linearity between acetic acid peak areas and sample weights was obtained within the range below 3mg. The data of acetyl contents derived from gas. chromatograms of cellulose triacetate and amylose triacetate with different acetyl contents were in good agreement with results by the chemical analysis.
The pyrolysis gas chromatography is effective for the rapid and considerably accurate analysis of acetyl contents of cellulose acetates with different acetyl contents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (222K) -
後藤 共子, 長野 正満, 結城 康夫, 小田 隆, 高井 博和1975 年 31 巻 3 号 p. T104-T108
発行日: 1975/03/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe thermal analysis of copper fiber, which was manufactured by the method of glass conjugated melt spinning in changing the winding speed and cooling treatment and removed the glass in dissolving into alkali solution, have been studied in the temperature from 20°C to 450°C.
The exothermic change of the heat capacity at 250°C-350°C was found in differential scanning calorimetry. The value of differential power output (ΔJ) and starting change temperature (Tt) depended on the heating rate (φ). ΔJ and Tt were increased by increasing the heating rate. This change was considered as the release of stored energy in spinning. The relationship between the φ and Tt was represented ln (φ/Tt)=C-E/RTt, where E is the apparent activation energy, R the gas constant and C constant.
Activation energy was obtained to be 14.0 Kcal/mol and gave reasonalbe agreement with that of self-diffusion of of copper.
Tensile strength decreased and elongation increased on heating at 370°C for 5 min.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (813K)
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