巻号一覧
26 巻, 7 号
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日比 貞夫, 前田 松夫, 野村 春治, 河合 弘迪1970 年 26 巻 7 号 p. 291-302
発行日: 1970/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFor studying the orientation of crystal planes in a uniaxially stretched P. V. A, it was tried to evaluate the orientation distribution in some crystal planes whose X-ray diffraction overlap each other i.e., ((101/101, 200) planes). The X-ray diffraction intensity contribution has been decomposed by assuming the Lorentzian or Gaussian curves.
In this paper a new evaluation method is proposed by symplibying these methods.
Using the fact that the orientation distribution of the (200) is equal to that of the (100) the centribution of the (200) plane in the overlaps of orientation distributtion curves for (101/10_??_, 200) planes can be obtained. On the basis of the data obtained, the molecular orientation of crystalline part in a uniaxially stretched P. V. A films is discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (708K) -
松本 喜代一, 宇都宮 成夫, 今村 力造1970 年 26 巻 7 号 p. 303-310
発行日: 1970/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe report deals with the relationship between the changing molecular orientation and some mechanical properties of polyvinylchloride films prepared by the different types of stretching. For the estimation of the orientation the birefringences were measured by using a tilting technique and mechanical properties are discussed by stress-strain curves.
The following results were obtained:
(1) The molecular orientation of uniaxially stretched films under free width, is radial symmetry around the drawing direction. For the uniaxially stretched films with constant width, however, the orientation is more or less biaxial. The difference of mechanical properties can be related to the difference of orientation.
(2) In the two-way successively biaxially stretched films, the “balance point of orientation” were the degrees of chain orientation are equal in the directions of the first and second stretching agrees with the “balance point of mechanical properties”.
(3) In the simultaneously biaxially stretching, the balanced films whose mechanical properties are isotropic in the film plane are obtained independently of the stretch ratio.
Thus, the simultaneously biaxial stretching is more excellent and useful for the stretching of non crystalline polymer films such as polyvinylchloride as well as for crystalline polymer films.
Presented partly before the 21st Annual Meeting of the Chemical Society, Japan, Kansai University, Osaka, March, 1968.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (550K) -
正本 順三, 金子 洋子, 小林 秀彦1970 年 26 巻 7 号 p. 311-315
発行日: 1970/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーChoosing α methyl nylon 3, β methyl nylon 3, α, α, dimethyl nylon 3, and β, β, dimethyl nylon 3 as the nylon derivatives, the effects of substituents on the properties and structures were investigated by the methods of X-ray diffraction, infra-red spectra, and thermal analysis, and following results were obtained. Melting points of the polymer increase with in following order. α, α, dimethyl<β, β, dimethyl<α methyl≤β mthyl_??_no substituent. The NH streching absorptions were observed at 3380cm-1 in α, α, dimethyl nylon 3, at 3340cm-1 in β, β, dimethyl nylon 3, and at 3300cm-1 in other nylons. NH--O distances of the derivatives are estimated, and melting point of the polymers and location of the NH streching absorptions were found to be mainly determined by the NH-O distances. Though nylon 3 derivatives belong to short methylene polyamides, a distort of molecular chain occurs around amide groups. This may be due to the favorable NH-O hydrogen bond distances under the steric hinddrances of the substituents.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (353K) -
清水 滉, 会田 源作1970 年 26 巻 7 号 p. 316-323
発行日: 1970/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーCu++ adsorption on domestic and erie silk spun yarns was treated by copper (II) and its effect on their photodegradation was examined.
The spun silk yarns, when treated by the cupric salt solutions, adsorb Cu++ ions about to 0.5% of the weight of fiber in the case of the domestic silk, and about to 1.0% in the case of the erie silk, though the adsorbed amounts of Cu++ ions differ to some extent by the treating conditions.
Generally, the adsorbed amount of Cu++ ions in the silk yarns increases with increasing temperature and pH of the cupric salt solutions. The elevation of temperatue causes the increase in the primary adsorption. The effect of the temperature is larger in the erie silk than in the domestic silk. The adsorption amount of Cu++ ions increases with increased in alkali concentration in the copper salt solution. Especially NH4OH addition increases not only the adsorption amount but also Cu++ bonding strength owing to the formation of ammine complex. Steeping of the spun yarns into a NH4OH solution after the copper (II) treatments also increases the adsorbed amount and bonding strength of Cu++ ions, this is also due to the formation of ammine complex.
The fixed Cu++ ions in the treated silk yarns show an inhibitory effect on the photodegradation. When the deterioration is tested by Fade meter irradiation for 80 hours, the decrease in the strength and elongation of the Cu++-treated domestic silk was less by above 30% than that of untreated one but in the case of the treated erie silk this inhibitory effect was smaller than in the case of domestic silk.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (535K) -
本宮 達也1970 年 26 巻 7 号 p. 324-342
発行日: 1970/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーTwo-step wash and wear finishing of cotton fabrics with diepoxy compounds was investigated. Cotton fabrics were padded with diepoxy compounds and cured under dry conditions in the presence of acidic catalysts (first treatment) and recured under wet conditions in the presence of alkali catalysts by the timing or steaming method (second treatment). The diepoxy compounds studied were as follows.
(1) Diepoxy compounds soluble in water: diglycidyl ether (Epoxide I), glycerin diglycidyl ether (Epoxide III), polyethylene diglycidyl ether (Epoxide VI).
(2) Diepoxy compounds insoluble in water: ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (Epoxide II), butanediol diglycidyl ether (Epoxide IV), vinylcyclohexane dioxide (Epoxide VII).
Both wet and dry crease recovery angles increased after the second treatment; the steaming method was more effective than the timing method. The high wet crease recovery angles obtained by the second wet curing were durable to repeated laundering. The diepoxy compounds soluble in water were more effective in the crease resistant finishing. The smaller the molecular weight of the diepoxy compounds, the more the improvement of the crease recovery angles. The tearing strength decreased by the second curing, the decrease was smaller however, than that by the first curing.
Combination of Epoxide III and conventional cyclic urea derivatives for the two-step treatment was investigated. It was found that dimethyloldihyroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) was the most effective coreactant.
Ten unsymmetrical sodium-4, 4′-bis-(substituted, 1, 3, 5-triazyl-6)-diaminostilbenedisulfonate 2, 2′ synthesized in the laboratory were compared with a commercial symmetrical whitening agent. The whitening agent was best applied on cotton before the padding of diepoxy compounds.
Shirts were made from the cotton fabrics prepared by the two-step Epoxide treatment andthe wearing test was performed for 60 days and 30 launderings.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1381K) -
正本 順三, 大泉 千尋, 小林 秀彦1970 年 26 巻 7 号 p. 343-347
発行日: 1970/07/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDyeability and miscellaneous properties of nylon 3 fibers were investigated, and following results were obtained. Nylon 3 fibers have good dyeability with acid dyeing metal-complex dyes, and the degrees of color fastness are also good. Nylon 3 fibers have some different properties from those of other ordinary polyamides. The glass transition temperature of nylon 3 fibers is higher by about 70°C than ordinary aliphatic polyamide fibers. The sorption behavior of nylon 3 fibers is similar to that of silk. Its modulus and birefringence are also higher than those of ordinary polyamide fibers. These properties are due to the high amide group concentration of nylon 3.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (301K)
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