繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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59 巻, 11 号
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時評
連載＜やさしい繊維基礎講座＞
技術賞
解説
レポート　平成15年度　夏季セミナー
一般報文
  • TiC⁄ポリプロピレン系導電性高分子複合材料の物性と粒子充填構造
    片岡 光宗, 増子 徹
    2003 年 59 巻 11 号 p. 423-428
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2005/07/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.423
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Titanium carbide (TiC) ⁄ acid-modified polypropylene (m-PP) composite is one of the candidate as the PTC resistor stable in relatively high temperatures, which is utilized for a self-recoverable element protecting from over currents in many kinds of electrical circuits. In the present study, the m-PP-based composites containing various volume fraction (φ2) of TiC have been prepared; then, their viscoelastic characteristics were investigated in comparison with their electric conductivity as a function of temperature. Melting behaviors of the samples were also examined and discussed in terms of their morphological features. Alternatively, the changes in the storage moduli at room temperature with various φ2 values of the samples could be expressed by a modified Kerner equation with the maximum φ2 value of 0.69. When the value of φ2 exceeded up to be 0.36, the resistivities of the sample decreased steeply with increasing φ2 values. The filling structure of TiC⁄m-PP Composites is expected to be in random packing systems.
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  • Performances of Artificial Intelligence Hybrid Models' in Prediction of Clothing Comfort from Fabric Physical Properties
    Anthony S.W. Wong, Yi Li, Kwok W. Yeung
    2003 年 59 巻 11 号 p. 429-436
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2005/07/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.429
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The purpose of this paper is to compare different approaches toward the prediction of human psychological perception of clothing comfort performance from fabric physical properties. A series of running wear trial, which involved 8 sets of tight-fit garment and 38 subjects, was conducted in an environmentally controlled chamber. Thirty-three fabric physical property indexes were measured and 9 individual sensations (clammy, sticky, breathable, damp, heavy, prickly, scratchy, tight and cool) and overall comfort were rated by the subjects during the running period. Different predictive models were derived on the basis of human perception process to predict clothing comfort from fabric physical properties. Results show that hybrid models consist of data reduction (abstract fabric properties and sensations into physical and sensory factors respectively), self-learning capability (to learning the behaviour of individuals) and fuzzy reasoning (handle the fuzziness between sensory factors and overall clothing comfort) able to generate better predicted clothing comfort score than other predictive models in this study The correlation between predicted and actual clothing comfort rating was 0.739, with significant level of 0.001.
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  • The Effect of Washing on Color Unevenness in Cotton Cloth Dyed with Natural and Synthetic Indigo
    Miyoko Kawahito, Ryoko Yasukawa, Hiroshi Urakawa, Mitsuo Ueda, Kanji K ...
    2003 年 59 巻 11 号 p. 437-442
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2005/07/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.437
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The effects of washing on color were quantitatively examined using a colorimeter to elucidate subtle color difference between cotton cloth samples dyed with natural indigo and synthetic indigo. Color produced by reactive dye and indigo was also compared and the results were analyzed by a CIELAB color system. Color unevenness was subjectively evaluated by seven professional indigo dyers. With repeated washing, L* value in cloth dyed with natural indigo increased at a lower rate than in cloth dyed with synthetic indigo. Color unevenness is related to dye absorption and dye aggregation.
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技術報文
  • Ammonia-Gas Treatment of Cellulosic Fabrics
    Tomiji Wakida, Muncheul Lee, Dong Seok Jeong, Shinzo Ishida, Toshihiko ...
    2003 年 59 巻 11 号 p. 443-447
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2005/07/01
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.443
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Native and regenerated cellulosic fabrics such as cotton, cupro, polynosic, viscose rayon taffeta and viscose rayon muslin were treated with ammonia-gas under various conditions. The dyeing and KES (Kawabata Evaluation System) mechanical properties were obtained. Although X-ray diffraction intensity profiles of the cotton showed almost no change by the treatment for 10 min, the peaks assigned to cellulose I decreased in intensity by the treatment for 60 min, and new peak intensity maxima assigned to cellulose IIII appeared at scattering angles of 2θ = 11.6° and 21.0°. On the other hand, the profiles of the regenerated cellulosic fabrics were not changed at all by the ammonia-gas treatment. Apparent dyeing rate of the cotton decreased regardless of the treating conditions, whereas the dyeing rate of the regenerated fabrics was unchanged by the treatment. KES shearing and bending properties (the moduli G and B; the hysteresis widths 2HG, 2HG5 and 2HB) in relation to the fabric hand decreased. Therefore, it is clear that the ammonia-gas treatment is effective to improve the soft hand of the cellulosic fabrics, especially for the regenerated cellulosic fabrics.
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