巻号一覧
46 巻, 8 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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喜成 年泰, 放生 明廣, 新宅 救徳, 岩木 信男1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 311-317
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAn impact tensile testing apparatus with cantilever type load cell was developed for obtaining stress-strain curves of polyester multi-filament yarn at various strain rates. The experimental results were compared with the numerical results derived from an over-stress theory. By using this apparatus, tensile tests of yarn at wide range of strain rate from 10-3 to 102s-1 could be performed in the same measuring system. The over-stress theory gave satisfactory interpretation of the stress-strain curves of polyester multi-filament yarn up to breaking point at low strain rate, and up to yielding point at high strain rate. The difference between the calcurated curve and experimental results at high strain rate seemed due to the temperature rise of yarn during extension.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (737K) -
松本 喜代一, 土井 誠, 高田 耕一1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 318-323
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFilms of poly (phenyl chloroacetylene), a kind of substituted polyacetylenes, have been stretched under dry process and swell-wet process developed by ourselves. Measurements of dynamic viscoelasticity showed the glass transition temperature of poly (phenyl chloroacetylene) around 230°C, so that stretching under dry process was carried out at 240°C. The uniaxial stretching was attained up to 2.4 of stretch ratio. In order to stretch the film under swell-wet process, the optimum swelling agents have to be determined. Two agent systems, T-A (toluene-acetone) system and C-A (carbon tetrachloride-acetone) system have been employed with the optimum composition. Under T-A system, swell-wet process stretching was carried out to result in 2.5 of stretch ratio. In addition, biaxial stretching, which failed in dry process, was successfully performed. The mechanical properties including dynamic viscoelasticity, crystallinity and degree of molecular orientation of the film were found to be improved by biaxial stretching.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1484K) -
磯貝 明, 臼田 誠人1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 324-329
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリー無水亜硫酸-ジエチルアミン-ジメチルスルホキシド系セルロース溶液から調製した安定なアモルファスセルロース試料を,セルロースIおよびII型の結晶構造を有する試料に種々の割合で混合して調製した錠剤状試料のX線回折図から,簡便なセルロースの結晶化度測定法を検討した。
従来のSegalらの方法に対し, 1〓0のピーク強度(I1〓0)とそこでのベースラインスロープの強度(I1〓0B)から下式に従って求めた結晶化度は,結晶性セルロース試料の混合量に対して原点を通る直線関係となった。また,この直線関係は,粉末試料の場合,セルロースIあるいはII型試料,反射法あるいは透過性X線回折測定図のいずれにおいても得られた。繊維状試料の場合には透過性の場合のみ適用できた。
結晶化度
回折パターンをコーシー分布関数で分離し,ピーク面積から結晶化度を求める方法,あるいはRulandの方法で求めた場合も,結晶性セルロース試料の混合量に対して原点を通る直線関係が得られたが,簡便さや相対値という観点から,前述の1〓0のピーク強度を用いる方法が便利である。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (410K) -
宇治川 秀雄, 玉置 敬, 市村 國宏, 広津 敏博, 藤重 昇永, 山内 愛造1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 330-333
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe hard finishing of cotton fabric was carried out by applying photocrosslinkable poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA-SbQ) with styrylpyridinium quaternary side groups as a photosensitive chromophore. The sizing with PVA-SbQ made the fabric much stiffer than with ordinary PVA and that this hard finishing was quite durable against washing with warm water. The durable stiffness was considered to be due to the poor solubility of irradiated PVA-SbQ tightly coated on the fabric surface. It was confirmed from the scanning electron microscopic observation that the surface and inter-surface of the fibers were coated with PVA-SbQ polymer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (695K) -
液体膜2軸延伸装置の試作と破壊時の膜厚の測定小林 政司, 佐藤 昌子, 皆川 基1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 334-338
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA biaxial film extending apparatus has been developed to investigate the dynamic property of the liquid film originated from aqueous poly (oxyethylene)-9-octadecenyl ether (_??_=15) solution. Using this apparatus, the effects of addition of acid dyes (C. I. Acid Red 134 and C. I. Acid Green 25) on the thickness of liquid film at its rupture were investigated. The thickness was estimated from the relationship between the adopted liquid volume and the film area at its rupture by the method of double regression analysis with simplification of the film construction. The thickness of liquid films at their rupture passed through the minima in the nonionic surfactant concentration region from 1.8×10-3 to 2.8×10-3mol dm-3 (c. m. c. under dynamic condition) and generously increased beyond these concentration. At the concentration below the c. m. c., the surface movement, the so-called Plateau-Marangoni-Gibbs effect, and also the surface adsorption of the surfactant molecule effected on the thickness. At the concentration above the c. m. c., a black spot appeared in the extended liquid film because of local thinning and nonhomogeneous film thickness. The black area, of the film was observed to behave like a rigid film. This rigid region affected the transformation of the film in the dynamic condition. Further, the larger the velocity of wire movement was, the smaller the film thickness at its rupture was, and the minimum of the curve appeared more concentrated region. This suggests that the dilational viscoelasticity of the film influences the film thickness at its rupture. When the surfactant concentration was lower than the c. m. c., the addition of C. I, Acid Red 134, with large hydrophobic moiety, considerably increased the film thickness. At the concentration higher than the c. m. c., its differential thickness became small. On the other hand, the addition of C. I. Acid Green 25, with moderate hydrophobic moiety, scarcely effected on the film thickness at its rupture. Therefore, the acid dye, with large hydrophobic moiety, adsorbed on the film surface and affected the surface movement of the surfactant molecule.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (404K) -
三石 賢, 菊池 文明, 米沢 和洋, 中野 禎夫, 浜井 満彦, 浜田 州博, 石渡 勉1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 339-345
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーMethyl Orange and Ethyl Orange were used in the study of the effects of charge separation of polyionic amine (ionene) and hydrophobicity of both the dye and ionene on the interaction between the anionic dye and the cationic polymer. The unit structure of x-y ionene was _??_Br-(CH3)2N+(CH2)xN+ (CH3)2(CH2)yBr-_??_. The x-y for seven ionenes used were 3-3, 3-4, 3-6, 3-8, 3-12, 6-6, and 6-12. The amounts of the dye bound to the ionene were determined by means of equilibrium dialysis procedure. One dye molecule was found to occupy one cationic charged site of ionene. The binding occurred due to the positively cooperative electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. The results were analysed according to the procedure of McGhee and von Hippel. The interaction constants differed widely from one ionene to another ionene. The binding of the dye to the ionene depended strongly on the charge separation and hydrophobicity of both the dye and the ionene. The entropy change of the interaction process suggested strongly that the dye stacked on the polymer.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (431K) -
岡田 安代, 加藤 敏子, 本村 洋美, 森田 全三1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 346-355
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーセルロース上におけるビニルスルホン系(VS)反応染料の光汗複合効果による退色を, JIS L 0888法で染色布を露光し,また染色フィルムを種々の水溶液中で露光して調べた。染色フィルムをDL-マンデル酸ナトリウムおよび乳酸ナトリウムの空気飽和水溶液中で露光すると,顕著な退色がみられ,例外を除き,その嫌気性溶液中では,さらにその退色が促進された。マンデル酸などの基質を含む嫌気性溶液中における染色フィルムの退色は,光励起された染料の基質による光還元である。これらの基質と酸素の両方を含む溶液中の露光では,酸素や基質の濃度及び染料と基質の種類に依存して,一重項酸素メカニズムによる光増感酸化及び/または光還元が起こることを確かめた。人工汗液にあらかじめ浸漬し, JIS L 0888法で露光した綿織物上のVS染料の退色は,それと同じ溶液中で露光した染色フィルム上の退色と機構的に同じであることも示した。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (728K) -
宮田 奈美子, 坂田 功1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. 356-359
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーLignosulfonic acids are widely recognized as strongly electrolytic and sparingly decomposable polymers. Lignin-partially hydrolyzed methylacrylate graft copolymers (Lig-MA-Hyd) were synthesized as agricultural and gardening super water-absorbents from sodium lignosulfonates (Lig) with different purities prepared from the sulfite pulping waste liquor. These lignin graft copolymers have been expected to have little effects of ions and pH on the absorbencies. Waste paper pulps (WP) and cellulose samples (Cell) grafted with partially hydrolyzed acrylamide (WP-AM-Hyd and Cell-AM-Hyd) and 2 (dimethylamino)-ethylmetacrylate (WP-DM and Cell-DM) were synthesized, too. The water absorbency and the water-holding capacity of Lig-MA-Hyd were compared with those of a commercial agricultural and gardening super water-absorbent [poly (vinyl alcohol)-maleic acid ester copolymer (PVA-Ma)] and the above mentioned WP and Cell graft copolymers (WP-AM-Hyd etc). The water absorbency of Lig-MA-Hyd was greater than those of WP and Cell graft copolymers and the commercial agricultural super water-absorbent (PVA-Ma), whereas the water-holding capacity of Lig-MA-Hyd was almost the same as that of the commercial PVA-Ma. The little effect of the degree of grafting on the water absorbency of Lig-MA-Hyd was observed in the range from 100% to 300%. The water absorbencies of both Lig-MA-Hyd and PVA-Ma were influenced by pH in the same way. The optimum ratio of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide as a bridging agent was 1.0-1.3% for the graft copolymerization. The water absorbency of Lig-MA-Hyd was dependent on the content of sulfonic acid groups of lignin in Lig-MA-Hyd.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (298K) -
福田 清成, 中原 弘雄1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P334-P339
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1272K) -
米田 勝実1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P340-P347
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (3722K) -
梶山 千里1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P348-P353
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2905K) -
東 信行, 丹羽 政三1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P354-P360
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1141K) -
柿本 雅明, 西片 康成1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P361-P365
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (865K) -
藤平 正道1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P366-P371
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (967K) -
関 隆広, 市村 国宏1990 年 46 巻 8 号 p. P372-P377
発行日: 1990/08/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1004K)
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