巻号一覧
25 巻, 12 号
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鈴木 公宏, 木戸 猪一郎, 竹川 紀幸, 山崎 憲一1969 年 25 巻 12 号 p. 515-524
発行日: 1969/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWhen 6-nylon fibers were treated with ceric salt in aqueous acetic acid, the successive first order reactions (A_??_B_??_C) occurred where A is CeIV in the solution, B is CeIV adsorbed on nylon and C is CeIII produced by reduction of adsorbed CeIV. The decrease in the concentration of CeIV in solution and the amount of CeIV adsorbed were determined by titration from which the amount of CeIV reduced was calculated. The rate constants of adsorption and reduction of CeIV (k1 and k2) were obtained from the initial rates of the decrease of CeIV in solution and the maximum value of CeIV adsorbed. When the treatment was done in the presence of methyl methacrylate (MMA), the rates of decrease of CeIV in solution, adsorption and reduction decreased and the maximum value of CeIV adsorbed increased. It was considered that graft copolymerization took place when monomers were present in the reaction medium, on the other hand, when monomers were absent the nylon radicals formed were further oxidized. Application of Langmuir's isotherm equation to the system investigated showed that the adsorption of CeIV per repeating unit of nylon was two.
Graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers (mainly MMA) onto nylon fibers pretreated with CeIV followed by centrifugal separation was carried out in aqueous acetic acid. Effects of various reaction variables on the graft-on, molecular weight of the graft polymer and the number of grafting were studied. Methyl acrylate graft-copolymerized the most among the monomers used.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (627K) -
正本 順三, 金子 洋子, 笹栗 騏一郎, 小林 秀彦1969 年 25 巻 12 号 p. 525-532
発行日: 1969/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーAs nylon 3 melts at about 340°C with decomposition, melt spinning of nylon 3 may be difficult. Therefore, wet spinning or dry spinning must be used for production of nylon 3 fibers. In order to get the basic information of solution spinning of nylon 3, its solubillity is investigated in this paper.
The solvent power of aqueous inorganic salts depends strongly on the combination of both cation and anion. Salts containing such cations as Zn2+, Sn4+, Mg2+, Li+, Ca2+, Fe3+ and such anions as SCN-, ClO4-, I-, Br-, Cl-, are good solvents for nylon 3. Strong inorganic acids (e. g. sulfuric acid, nitric acid) are also solvents. Phenol and m-cresol, which are usually good solvents for polyamides, have poor solvent power for nylon 3. Compounds with electron accepting substituent groups (e. g. p-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol, trichloroacetaldehyde, cyanoacetic acid) have good dissolving power to nylon 3. Some mixed organic solvents such as phenol-water, chloral hydratewater systems also have good dissolving power for nylon 3. Organic compounds, which are known to be proton acceptors (e. g. dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide) do not dissolve nylon 3.
Dissolving mechanism of nylon 3 was investigated by an infrared spectroscopy, using N-methy-lacetamide as a model compound of nylon 3, and is explained in terms of proton donating power of the solvents to nylon 3.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (537K) -
正本 順三, 山口 惟孝, 小林 秀彦1969 年 25 巻 12 号 p. 533-539
発行日: 1969/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFiber-forming properties of nylon 3 in the wet spinning process were investigated, using formic, dichloroacetic, trifluoroacetic, sulfuric, nitric acids, aqueous phenol, aqueous calcium thiocyanate, aqueous zinc chloride, aqueous chloral hydrate, aqueous formaline and water as the typical solvents for nylon 3. Film-forming properties of these nylon 3 solutions were also investigated. Following results were obtained.
Nylon 3 solutions in formic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and aqueous phenol have film-forming ability in the dry process. The spinning dopes using sulfric acid, nitric acid, and aqueous chloral hydrate have little ability of fiber-forming in the wet and dry spinning process. The spinning solution of nylon 3 in formic acid as the solvent shows excellent fiber-forming property in the wet spinning process, using ethers, esters and alcohols as the coagulants. Thus the fiber forming mechanism of nylon 3 in the wet spinning process using formic acid as the solvent is discussed. Cohesive energy density, strength of hydrogen bonding and proton accepting power of coagulants are found important factors in the wet spinning process of nylon 3.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (544K) -
小島 弘1969 年 25 巻 12 号 p. 540-543
発行日: 1969/12/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe degree of association of six anthraquinone derivatives, six diphenylamine derivatives and two azobenzene derivatives in gaseous phase, has been determined by means of Knudsen effusion method and torque effusion method. These results showed that the degrees of association of 2-amino, 1-nitro and 1-amino-4-hydroxy anthraquinones, anthraquinone, 4-nitro and 2:4-dinitro diphenylamines are 1.0±0.1, 1:4-diamino anthraquinone, 2:4-dinitro-4′-amino diphenylamine, 4-nitro-4′-hydroxy and 4-nitro-4′-amino azobenzenes are 0.9±0.1, diphenylamine is 1.1±0.1, 2-nitro diphenylamine is 1.2±0.1, and 1-amino anthraquinone and 2:4-dinitro-4′-hydroxy diphenylamine are 0.8±0.1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (918K)
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