巻号一覧
54 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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増子 富美, 美谷 千鶴, 許斐 毅志, 坂本 宗仙1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 1-9
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーCotton cellulose samples graft-copolymerized with vinyl phosphonate oligomers (FYR) and/or N-methylolacrylamide (NMA) were subjected to pyrolysis gas chromatography and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with a Curie point pyrolyzer at 590°C for 4 seconds for pyrolysis and with a packed column of Porapak Q for chromatographic separation. Thirty eight volatile pyrolysis products were identified which included previously unreported butadiene and ethylene glycol as pyrolysis products of cellulose. Characteristic pyrolysis products from all the phosphorus-containing samples include 3-penten-1-yne and those from all the nitrogen-containing samples were hydrogen cyanide, acetonitrile, and acrylonitrile. Other products formed from the cellulose samples treated only with NMA included acrylamide, propionamide, and 3-methylsuccinimide. The succinimide was found only from the samples with nitrogen contents higher than 1.0wt/wt%.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (681K) -
Yoko Yamaguchi, Yukio Murata, Masuzo Nagayama1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 10-17
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of fiber fineness and fabric structure on the tinctorial depth of dyed polyester fabrics was investigated. Plain weave and stitch fabrics composed of polyester filament yarns with different single-fiber finenesses were prepared. The single filaments of the yarn used had finenesses of 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 5.0 denier. The fabrics were dyed with disperse dyes (C. I. Disperse Yellow 5, Red 72 and Blue 148) in various tinctorial depths. The relationship between dye uptake on fabrics (Cf) and K/S value in the Kubelka-Munk function was examined at various wavelengths. Plots of Cf vs. (K/S)d-(K/S)o give a straight line at a particular wavelength for each fabric dyed with the same dye, suffixes d and o refer to dyed and undyed fabrics, respectively. In the K/S region of 10 or less, where Kubelka-Munk function could be applied, the change in the tinctorial depth with Cf and fineness of fiber (D) is expressed by the following equation.
This equation shows that a smaller denier leads to lower values for (K/S)d-(K/S)o, which in turn proves that the denier of a single fiber is a significant factor in making the tinctorial depth appear lighter. It was clarified that each fabric has a unique effective surface area and a light-scattering coefficient determined by the fineness of the single fibers and the weaving structure. It was confirmed that the light-scattering coefficient of an undyed fabric could be used to estimate the effect of the fiber substrate on the tinctorial depth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (567K) -
Toshitaka Kakuta, Fukashi Aoki, Toshiki Okada, Hitoshi Shindo, Kiyoshi ...1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 18-25
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーTwo azoreductases from Candida curvata AN723 have been purified and characterized. The yeast cells cultured in a GYP medium were disruped with French press. From the acetone fraction of the cell free extract, two different azoreductases (NADPH-dependent azoreductase 1 and NADH-dependent azoreductasese 2) were separated by DEAE-Toyopearl 650M chromatography followed by Toyopearl HW50F chromatography. Azoreductase 1 was further purified by ion exchange chromatography using TSK gel DEAE 5PW. Azoreductase 2 was further purified by affinity chromatography using AF-Blue Toyopearl 650 and chromatofocusing using Toyopearl HW50F and Rotofor system. Each final preparation was homogenous on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis. Azoreductase 1 and 2 were purified 295- and 240-fold, respectively. The molecular mass of azoreductase 1 and 2 were calculated to be about 47, 000 daltons and 56, 000 daltons, respectively. The isoelectric points of azoreductase 1 and 2 were 4.5 and 4.9, respectively. Azoreductase 1 and 2 had the same optimum pH 5.5-6.0, while they were stable between pH 4.0 and 6.5, and between pH 5.0 and 6.0, respectively. The optimum temperature of azoreductase 1 was 50°C, and that of azoreductase 2 was 40°C, while the former was stable below 75°C, and the latter below 50°C. Azoreductase 1 and 2 had low substrate specificity. Spectrum of these two purified enzymes showed no characteristic absorption band of flavine in the visible range of wavelengths.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1310K) -
川瀬 徳三, 中野 加寿代, 皆川 基, 沢田 英夫, 好野 則夫1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 26-31
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of dyeing of nylon with novel acid dyes having fluoroalkyl groups (Rf) on water repellency was investigated. At the same dye exhaustion, the contact angle of water increased in the order of Rf=CF3<C3F7<<C8F17≈C6F13. In the latter two cases, the nylon surface was apparently changed to water repellent. Based on the ESCA measurements, the peak area ratio of F1s to N1s was taken as a new measure of fluorine concentration at the surface. Those F1s/N1s peak ratios were highly correlated to the contact angles of water. The difference that was observed depending on Rf could be interpreted in terms of the diffusion of dyes into the bulk.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (409K) -
黄 更生, 中沢 賢, 河村 隆1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 32-39
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーIn Gara-bo spinning, relations among spinning conditions and structural parameters of yarn are very complicated and have not been formulated. when the spinning is in a steady state, some formulae were derived about a relation among the yarn thickness D, the twist rate λ, the established yarn tension T and the fiber density ρp. Namely.
where, Ctλ, Ctd and Cdλ are coefficients without relation to T and ρp.
Moreover, based upon the essential principle of Gara-bo, a device was developed for the precise measurement by using electronic technology. Through some experiments done with the device, it is ascertained that Ctλ, Ctd and Cdλ can be almost considered as a constant and the theoretical formulae can be used with sufficient suitability.Therefore, when the yarn thickness deviated from the hoped value in spinning process, the compensation quantity of the established tension, which modifies the deviation, can be decided by the formulae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (619K) -
松平 光男, 塩田 博孝1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 40-45
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーHandle characteristics of “Tatami” surface matting made of polyacrylonitrile (=PAN) fiber were investigated by panels of women students using paired comparison and ranking methods. Basic thermal properties such as thermal insulation value, thermal conductivity, q-max and mechanical properties such as compressional and surface properties for the “Tatami” surface were measured precisely comparing with natural rush and polypropylene(=PP) “Tatami” surface. “Tatami” surface matting made of PAN showed higher thermal insulation value than those made of rush and PP. Apparent thermal conductivity and q-max of PAN showed smaller values than rush and PP. PAN showed softness in compression, however, recovered not enough. Good handle for “Tatami” surface was achieved by smooth and dry feeling. Handle characteristics of PAN “Tatami” surface is good as natural rush and may be used for winter season. “Tatami” surface is a good application of PAN fiber produced by successive polymerization and direct spinning method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (423K) -
木下 尊義, 野田 弘之, 豊竹 幸恵, 勝沢 英夫1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 46-53
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーHigh filler-containing papers were prepared by incorporating silica fillers into pulp beaten in different degrees. Filler particles used in this experiment were PW-5 and PW-20, average diameter of which were 4.5μm and 15μm, respectively. The fibers were conifer pulp beaten at CSF600, CSF400 and CSF200, The pore size distribution of the sample sheets were measured by a mercury intrusion porosimeter. When no filler was incorporated, paper sheet made from CSF200, CSF400 and CSF600 fiber were rich in 1-5μm, 1-10μm and 1-20μm pores, respectively. In paper sheets made from CSF200 fiber and PW-5 filler, and, CSF600 fiber and PW-20 filler, total pore volume increased with the increase in the filler contents. On the other hand, in paper sheets made from CSF200 fiber and PW-20 filler, and, CSF600 fiber and PW-5 filler, the increase in the total pore volume reached a plateau with the increase in filler content. This difference between the curves was accounted for by the flexibility or the inflexibility of fibers. For the mechanical strength, the sheets with CSF200 fiber were stronger than those with CSF400 or CSF600 fiber. The strength decreased with an increase in the filler contents, especially for those with PW-5 filler.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1321K) -
角田 潔和, 青木 深, 岡田 俊樹, 進藤 斉, 吉沢 淑, 小泉 武夫, 野白 喜久雄1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 54-57
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of processing waste water discharged from dye-synthesizing plants and dying plants, a yeast Candida curvata AN723 that is capable of decomposing azodye (chrysoidine) was evaluated. When cultivation conditions favorable for decoloration by Candida curvata were examined, it was observed that the strain could decompose and decolor chrysoidine at concentrations of 0.02%. By carrying out aeration of the reacting medium decolorization of up to 94% could be acheived by the 3rd day of cultivation. The decomposition products of chrysoidine, aniline and 1, 2, 4-triaminobenzene, were identifified by paper partition chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography from the decolored effluent. It could be clarified that this strain breaks down azo bonds resolting in considerable decoloration of the effluent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (951K) -
鈴木 淳, 樋口 才二1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. 58-63
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーChanges were evaluated in water absorbency after softening treatment in hydrophilic and hydrophobic fabric specimens. Two household softening agents containing conventional type DSDMAC or improved water absorbency type DODMAC as the primary component were used. The Bilec method showed a marked decrease in water absorbency in cotton toweling cloth treated with DSDMAC but a considerable increase in polyester taffeta, treated with DODMAC. The present method using a heat flowmeter to measure absorption limited to water drops showed slight effects of softening on hydrophilic cotton specimens but improvement in water absorbency and rapid drying in hydrophobic polyester specimens that are structurally slightly water absorbent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (457K) -
高田 忠彦1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. P3-P7
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (914K) -
大田 康雄1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. P8-P11
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2091K) -
杉島 博1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. P12-P15
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2492K) -
黒木 忠雄, 矢吹 和之1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. P16-P20
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (963K) -
笹川 栄一1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. P21-P24
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1634K) -
徳山 孝子1998 年 54 巻 1 号 p. P30-P32
発行日: 1998/01/10
公開日: 2008/06/30
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2580K)
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