巻号一覧
49 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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森田 均, 坂部 寛, 伊藤 孝, 小西 孝1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 457-465
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe unilateral roller-drawing (URD) method was tested to prepare high-modulus and high-strength polyethylene films. Samples were heated locally for a short period during the drawing by this method, in which only the bottom-edge of a roller was soaked with a part of the film in silicone of high temperatures. The deformation aspects of macroscopic shape and microscopic structure as well as the mechanical properties of the films drawn by the URD method were studied under the various conditions of draw-temperature (Td) and draw-ratio (λ). The values of breaking stress and Young's modulus reached 1.0GPa and 40.0GPa, respectively, at Td=120°C and λ>25. The results obtained from wide-angle X-ray diffraction indicated orientations of (110) and (200) planes as well as high degrees of c-axis orientation along the draw-direction. On the basis of small-angle X-ray scattering, it was suggested that the two-phase structure composed of crystalline and amorphous regions changed into the mono-phase structure with the extended-chain crystals when λ was increased. The folding index was evaluated from IR spectra to show that chain unfolding appreciably occurred when λ was larger than 15 and Td was in the region of between 120 and 135°C. The endothermic peak in DSC caused by the melting of the sample was found to shift to the higher temperature region with increasing λ. It was confirmed from the scanning electron microscopic observation on the fractured surface that the brittle fracture occurred for the sample drawn by the URD method, while the uniaxially cold-drawn films showed the ductile-fracture appearance. It was considered from these results that the URD method was useful to prepare high-density polyethylene films with superior mechanical properties such as high-strength and high-modulus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2678K) -
奥村 治樹, 柴山 充弘, 越崎 寛之, 櫻井 伸一, 野村 春治1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 466-473
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA depth profiling method is proposed and an application to a study for cellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend films by angular-dependent ESCA is presented. The depth profiling method consists of a two-step fitting of a depth profile function in addition to an employment of a flatlayer model proposed by Pijolat et al., which reduces significantly the error of re-constructed depth profiles from the model profiles. After examining the validity of this method, the method was employed to a depth profiling study of cellulose/PVA films which were cast from dimethyl sulfoxide-tetraethylammonium chloride on a glass plate. It was found that a significant surface enrichment of PVA component was observed on both substrate (glass) faced and free (ethanol faced) surfaces. Substrate dependence was also discussed for the cases of films cast on teflon and low density polyethylene films.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (530K) -
高畑 朋子, 深津 和彦1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 474-481
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe catalytic activities of metal-wool complexes for hydroxyl radical formation were compared with the corresponding metal-EDTA complexes in the presence of H202 (H202-added system) and in the presence of xanthine oxidase and hypoxanthine (XOD-HPX system) that produce H202. Hydroxyl radicals were formed from H202 via the metal-catalyzed Harber-Weiss reaction. In the H202-added system, Cu(II)-wool complex catalyzed the hydroxyl radical formation effectively, but Fe(III)-wool complex did not. To the contrary, Fe(III)-wool complex acted as a good catalyst in the XOD-HPX system. Superoxide anion radical was a very important species to reduce these transition metals judging from the enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. As hydroxyl radical scavengers, wool proteins inhibited the degradation of 2-deoxy-D-ribose, that is, the wool proteins captured hydroxyl radicals preferentially in competition with 2-deoxy-D-ribose.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (451K) -
荒井 健一郎, 郷田 英樹1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 482-485
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of developing materials with high absorbency for electrolyte solutions, cellulose sulfate prepared by homogeneous reaction of dis-solving pulp with sulfur trioxide was reacted with glutaraldehyde in N, N-dimethylformamide and then neutralized with a aqueous sodium hydroxide to give crosslinked sodium cellulose sulfate (CCS). In the crosslinking reaction, the degree of substitution (DS) of the cellulose sulfate decreased markedly with the reaction time. The CCS showed a high absorbency in deionized water (1000 times as much as its own weight) in spite of its low DS of 0.2. Thus the absorbency toward deionized water was more influenced by change in degree of crosslinking than that in DS. In 0.9wt% sodium chloride aqueous solution, the absorbency of the CCS was about 80 times of its own weight, corresponding to that of commercial crosslinked poly (sodium carboxylate)-type absorbents. In this case, the absorbency was more influenced by change in DS than that in degree of crosslinking. This result suggests that the CCS with higher DS values results in higher absorbency in aqueous electrolyte solutions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (310K) -
陳 建勇, 谷岡 明彦, 箕浦 憲彦1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 486-492
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーSilk fibroin membrane is the amphoteric ion exchange membrane with the weak acid and base which are composed of amino and carboxyl groups, respectively. In this study ion transport phenomena were investigated using Teorell-Meyers-Sievers (TMS) theory. Membrane potential was measured for KCl, K2SO4, K2HPO4, MgCl2, CaCl2, and MgSO4 aqueous solution. The effective charge density (QCx) and ion mobility ratio of anion to cation (ω-/ω+) in the membrane were calculated by applying TMS theory to experimental results. QCx, was 0.015mol/L, which was one-nineteenth times smaller than that calculated from the data of amino acid content in silk fibroin. ω-/ω+of KCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2 in the membrane were larger than that in water, and ω-/ω+of K2SO4, K2HPO4, and MgSO4were smaller than that in water.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (454K) -
吉永 望, 岡山 隆之, 大江 礼三郎, 佐渡 篤1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 493-499
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーInfluences of various treatments of pulps, such as beating, recycling, sizing and solvent extraction, on dynamic wettability of single pulp fiber and a handsheet from the pulp fiber were discussed from the measurement of contact angle to water at short time intervals.
Beating had little influence on contact angle of softwood bleached kraft pulp fiber and the handsheet.
Recycling of the pulp was performed by a sequence of defibration, dewatering and drying at 80°C for 24 hours five times repeatedly. Remarkable increase in contact angle of kraft pulp fiber was observed. Also recycling caused delay in the rate of decrease of contact angle of the fiber with time. On the other hand, contact angle of the handsheet decreased with repetition times of recycling.
Extraction of thermomechanical pulp with atcoholbenzene was fairly effective on decrease in contact angles of both single fiber and handsheet.
Sizing with alkylketene dimer increased contact angle of kraft pulp fiber, but there was no significant difference in contact angle when the amount of sizing agent added were varied from 0.05 to 0.17% . However, contact angle of the handsheet much increased with sizing.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (485K) -
松井 敏美, 有松 義一, 鈴木 肇1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 500-503
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA quantitative analytical method for a small amount of aromatic amino groups derived from some side reactions in segmented polyurethaneurea (SPU) was established. The amount of aromatic amino qroups in SPU was proportional to water content in the raw materials. The aromatic amine content in SPU increased by hydrolysis of SPU. The reactions with various model compounds were investigated in order to clarify which chemical bonds in SPU gave aromatic amino grops. The results suggested that the amino groups were derived from the hydrolysis of biuret bonds in SPU analogous to that in 1, 3, 5-triphenylbiuret.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (276K) -
原田 悠三, 田中 筆子, 藤岡 留美子, 金田 悦子1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. 504-508
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーBenzyl alcohol (BA) was used as a cosolvent in the solvent-assisted dyeing of wool with acid dyes having surface activity different from that of BA. The equilibrium exhaustion of Orange II having surface activity lower than that of BA decreased with increasing BA concentration in the dye-bath, although the rate of dyeing at the initial stage was accelerated by BA. On the other hand, the adsorption of Butyl Orange having surface activity higher than that of BA was increased by the addition of BA in all the stages of dyeing. These results correspond approximately to the adsorption behavior of BA/acid dye mixture at an air/water interface, showing that these phenomena were caused mainly by the difference in the dye concentration at a wool/dye-bath interface similar to that at the air/water interface.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (264K) -
稲垣 博1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. P319-P323
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1179K) -
本宮 達也1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. P324-P331
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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今岡 春樹1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. P332-P335
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1069K) -
コシノ ジュンコ1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. P336-P340
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1139K) -
恵美 和昭1993 年 49 巻 9 号 p. P341-P345
発行日: 1993/09/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1050K)
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