繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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61 巻, 3 号
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  • Studies on Structure of Poly(ε-L-lysine) Spherulite Grown from Solution
    Hiromu Takeda, Chie Nakashima, Nahoko Nasu
    2005 年 61 巻 3 号 p. 61-66
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/12/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.61
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The influence of solvent on spherulitic crystallization of poly(ε-L-lysine) (ε-PL) was investigated. In the solution crystallization of ε-PL, structure and properties of ε-PL spherulite were remarkably affected by the kind of solvent. Using dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent, most spherulites were negative and a few positive spherulites were grown. The fibrillar entities in a negative spherulite, which was grown in DMSO, were simply radiating outward from the center of the spherulite. Using water as a solvent, a spherulite was comprised of fibrillar entities that were structured with regularly repeated rings of bright-and-dark pattern. This bright-and-dark pattern in the spherulite would be caused by twisted fibrillar entities which were extended outward from the center of the spherulite. Using the DMSO/water mixture as a solvent, the structure of spherulite was remarkably affected by water, and the melting point of spherulite was 176°C.
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  • 一面配向カルボキシメチルセルロース膜によるエタノール水溶液の浸透気化分離
    松本 喜代一, 富田 勉
    2005 年 61 巻 3 号 p. 67-72
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/12/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.67
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Uniplanar Oriented carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) membranes were prepared by the simultaneous-biaxial (SB) stretching method under swollen conditions in the wet process, where CMC molecules were randomly oriented within the membrane along parallel to the membrane surface, as reported previously. Then, separation of aqueous ethanol solutions by pervaporation through the uniplanar-oriented CMC membranes was investigated. Permeation rates (flux) of the uniplanar-oriented CMC membranes were considerably higher than those of unstretched membranes. On the contrary, separation factors decreased with increasing degree of uiplanar orientation. Furthermore, the effect of uniplanar orientation on pervaporation was discussed in relation to molecular structure of CMC and affinity of the CMC membranes to ethanol and water. CMC-H and CMC-H-SB membranes were prepared by converting CMC-Na and CMC-Na-SB to their H-type in aqueous ethanol solution. Similarly, CMC-Li. CMC-K, CMC-Li-SB and CMC-K-SB membranes were prepared from CMC-Na and CMC-Na-SB. These membranes were effective in selective separation of water from aqueous ethanol solutions by the pervaporation technique. Particularly, in the case of CMC-Na-SB membranes, the flux was similar to that of CMC-Na membranes, but permeation of ethanol from the aqueous ethanol solutions was not observed.
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技術報文
  • 藍の葉による赤紫染色
    村田 博司, 向吉 郁朗, 古川 郁子, 神野 好孝, 馮 西寧, 早川 勝光
    2005 年 61 巻 3 号 p. 73-80
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/12/15
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.61.73
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Purple-red dyeing is successfully carried out from leaves of Ryukyu-ai (Stobilanthes Cusia O. Kuntze). Two methods were established for the formation of the source dye indirubin of the color. Indirubin was chemically synthesized by the treatment of the dry and smashed leaves in an acidic solution of isatin and hydrosulfite as reducing reagent and finally addition of calcium hydroxide. In another method, indirubin was prepared by keeping the leaves of Ryukyu-ai at -20 deg in a freezer for 2 weeks and extraction in the boiling water. The reactions in the frozen leaves are discussed. A piece of silk cloth was dipped in the solutions and vat-dyed into purple-red color with the oxidation process.
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