巻号一覧
47 巻, 10 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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正井 敬人, 清造 剛1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. 515-521
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPolypropylenes with molecular weight 63, 000 (FB) and 108, 000 (HT) containing a thermal decomposition accelerator, 4, 4'-thiobis (6-tert-butyl-m-cresol), were melt-spun into fibers at various spinning temperatures. The drawn fiber of HT had a higher tensile strength and a higher elongation than those of the FB fiber having the same intrinsic viscosity to that of the HT fiber. The density, the birefringence and the degree of orientation by WAXS and by polarized IR of as-spun fibers of HT were much smaller than those of FB, while the differences in these values of drawn fibers between HT and FB were not large enough to explain the above differences in the tensile strength and elongation. As-spun fibers and drawn fibers of FB had a strong peak in the SAXS intensity curve, and drawn fibers of FB also had multiple melting peaks in the DSC curve. Drawn fibers of FB gave the higher _??_w/_??_n value, suggesting the existence of large molecular chains which may relates to the higher entanglement of chains. It is supposed that drawn fibers of HT have smaller entangled chains due to the severe thermal decomposition during melt spinning process, which makes drawn fibers more stretchable, thus leading to the higher tensile strength and higher elongation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (459K) -
中山 栄子, 森 泰代, 小原 奈津子, 豊田 春和1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. 522-527
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA water soluble polysaccharide, pullulan was cyanoethylated using acrylonitrile in the presence of sodium hydroxide. The reaction conditions which gave the highest DS of 2.7 were the following: sodium hydroxide concentration, 6%; reaction temperature, 60°C and reaction time, 120min. If the reaction conditions were severer than the above conditions, i.e., higher sodium hydroxide concentration, higher reaction temperature and/or longer reaction time, either the elmination of cyanoethyl group or the formation of acrylonitrile homopolymer was observed. The relatively low DS of 2.7 may be interpreted based on the fact that in pullulan molecules the reactive primary hydroxyl groups at C-6 take part in the backbone linkages. Another possible reason would be the influence of their higher ordered structure and also conceivable steric hindrance. The cyanoethylated pullulan dissolved completely in DMSO, and dissolved almost in DMF and dichloromethane, but the solution in the latter solvent was significantly colored. Thermal decomposition temperatures were remarkably affected by the DS: 227.0°C for DS 1.99 and 262.8°C for DS 2.72. The higher DS resulted in the higher thermal decomposition temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (350K) -
原田 尚樹, 谷村 博之, 浦川 宏, 梶原 莞爾, 伊藤 泰輔, 橋爪 修平, 今田 邦彦1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. 528-536
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーDyeing behavior of C. I. Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) on cellulose and its aggregation properties in aqueous solutions were investigated. The results suggested that the dyeing behavior of RB19 on cotton in aqueous alkaline solutions was closely related to the dye aggregation which was influenced by the addition of salt and by the dyeing temperature. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study showed that, at a temperature of 20°C without addition of salt, the aggregation began to occur at a concentration as low as 3×10-5mol/L and fairly stable hexamer of RB19 was formed in the concentration range between 3.97×10-3and 9.52×10-2mol/L. At 70°C, the number of RB19 constituting the aggregate decreased to 3.2, while it increased up to 19 at 20°C by the addition of NaCl at a concentration of 0.3mol/L. The amount of dye fixed on cotton as well as the dye partition index (proposed in the previous paper) as a function of salt concentration and dyeing temperature were found in good consistence with the results found by SAXS. The dimension and the shape of the hexamer determined by SAXS were explainable by a model simulated by molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics. In the latter, the structure of environmental water was taken into consideration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (726K) -
三石 賢, 菊池 文明, 米沢 和洋, 中野 禎夫, 浜井 満彦, 濱田 州博, 石渡 勉1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. 537-543
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of cationic charge separation on the dye aggregation of Methyl Orange (MO) and Ethyl Orange (EO) bound to polyionic amine (ionene) was studied. The unit structure of x-y ionene was [Br-(CH3)2N+(CH2)xN+(CH3)2(CH2)yBr-]. The x-y values of seven ionenes used were 3-3, 3-4, 3-6, 3-8, 3-12, 6-6, and 6-12. The spectrum of the dye bound to ionene was determined by taking diffrence in absorbances between dye solutions inside and outside of the cellophane tube used for equilibrium dialysis procedure. Since the spectra of MO bound to 3-3, 3-8, 3-12, and 6-12 ionenes revealed distinct peak at about 375nm, the dye was supposed to be card-packed like stacking on those ionenes. Since spectrum of MO bound to 6-6 ionene had a broad band centered at 460nm, the dye was suggested to be monomeric. MO on 3-6 and 3-4 ionenes revealed characteristic spectrum for binary mixture of monomeric and stacked MO. The feature of EO spectrum was slightly different from that of MO. The third distinct band at the lowest wavelength was found at about 360nm in the spectra of EO bound to 3-12 ionene. This peak was considered to be due to higher aggregation on 3-12 ionene. The schematic representation of aggregation of MO molecules bound to the surfaces of some ionenes was given.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (536K) -
矢上 一夫, 吉田 佳代, 正泉寺 秀人, 山田 仁穂1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. 544-548
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPhotofading of acid azo dyes, C. I. Mordant Black 17 (RC), C. I. Acid Red 18 (3R) and C. I. Acid Red 88 (RO), on wool was investigated in the presence of a stilbene-type fluorescent brightening agent, C. I. FBA 90 (FBS), by irradiating with a low pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure mercury lamp and a xenon lamp equipped with a Pyrex filter (lamp A, B and C, respectively), and the effect of the addition of nickel sulfate was examined. RC formed a nickel complex as revealed by the shift of the absorption maximum of the reflection spectrum of the dyed wool. FBS depressed the fading of 3R and RO on irradiation with the lamp A, while it sensitized the fading of RC on irradiation with the lamp B. The nickel salt depressed the fading of the dyes and the degree of depression was in the order RC>3R, RO. The degradation of FBS was depressed by the dyes. The effect was in the order RO>3R_??_RC.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
メリノウールとリンカーンウールとの比較上甲 恭平, 古賀 誠一1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. 549-556
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe influence of the histological and morphogical differences betweens Merino and Lincoln wools on the dyeing behavior was investigated with reference to the equilibrium dye adsorption and the rate of dyeing using C. I. Acid Orange 7 and Red 73 at pH 4.3. Similar absorption isotherms for Orange 7 were obtained for both intact Merino and Lincoln wools, whereas when these fibers were structurally modified by extension and supercontraction, the equilibrium dye adsorption was much higher for Lincoln wool than for Merino wool. This difference was considered to be due to the morphological difference between the wools rather than to the slight dissimilarity in the constituent proteins. The apparent diffusion parameter for Red 73 in Lincoln wools was larger than that in Merino wools of equivalent average diameter in both the intact fiber type and the modified fiber type, and the activation energy for the dye diffusion in Merino wool was different from that in Lincoln wool. These differences in the diffusion parameter and the activation energy were considered to be predominantly due to the difference in the internal structure of the wools studied.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1270K) -
ROBERT A. BARNHARDT1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P549-P555
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2671K) -
加瀬 晋1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P557-P563
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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村瀬 泰弘1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P564-P569
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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鶴見 隆1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P570-P581
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1270K) -
久保 栄一1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P582-P588
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
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中川 潤洋1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P589-P594
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1153K) -
安田 浩, 伴 薫, 大田 康雄1991 年 47 巻 10 号 p. P595-P601
発行日: 1991/10/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1090K)
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