巻号一覧
28 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
松本 巌, 淵野 桂六1972 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 1-8
発行日: 1972/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe authors reported in the previous paper that the drawn (draw ratio=4) and heat-treated polypropylene (P. P) filaments show a reversible change of the stress on heating and cooling. In this investigation, stress relaxation and stress recovery of drawn and heat-treated samples, which were kept to the treated length after the treatment and subjected to deformation, were measured at various temperatures and analysed from the viewpoint of the time-temperature and stress-temperature superposision principles. The following results are obtained.
1. Master curves of stress relaxation and recovery, subjected to the deformation from the treated length, can be constructed by shifting curves along the log (time) axis, respectively.
2. Temperature dependence of shift factor (log aT) can be explained well by the Arrhenius' equation, and when the samples are heat-treated up to 100°C, the activation energy ΔH is 52.5kcal/mol for stress recovery and 39.2kcal/mol for stress relaxation, respectively, but when the samples are heat-treated up to different temperatures, ΔH varies.
3. From the temperature and strain dependences of the shift factor (log aT•r), the following experimental equation is obtained. where r: strain (%), α: constant, R: gas constant.
4. The constants ΔH and α are obtained for the samples heat-treated up to 100°C, 128°C and 140°C (Table 2).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (554K) -
清造 剛, 平佐 一郎1972 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 9-14
発行日: 1972/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWet spun filaments (WSF) prepared by using phenol (Ph) or formic acid (FA) as solvent were studied in comparison with melt spinning fiber (MSF) and chemicals-treating specimen (CTS) of MSF by Ph, FA or I2.
Porosity measured by density and X-ray crystallinity is zero for MSF and CTS, but is 1 for WSF (Ph) and 28 for WSF (FA). Microvoid content estimated from small angle X-ray scattering power is relatively low for WSF (Ph) and very high for WSF (FA). Furthermore, WSF (Ph) contains smaller microvoid, while WSF (FA) contains larger ones. When WSF is drawn, the microvoid content decreases for Ph but increases for FA, and the smaller portion of size of microvoid increases for both Ph and FA. These behaviors can be explained by deformation of microvoid.
Dye absorption was measured by using Orange II on Di (measured indirectly from dye bath) and on Dd (measured directly by dissolving dyed sample). For MSF (Di-Dd) is nearly zero and Dd is fairly small, while for WSF both values of (Di-Dd) and Dd are relatively high, and (Di-Dd) decreases and Dd increases by drawing. These dye absorption behaviors can be explained as (Di-Dd) being related to larger microvoids and Dd to smaller microvoids.
Moisture regain is same for MSF and for WSF at low humidities (<40%), but at higher humidities (>60%) its values are larger for WSF than for MSF. After drawing, the moisture regain increases for WSF (Ph) and decreases for WSF (FA) except for 100% RH. These water absorption behaviors were compared with dye absorption behaviors and discussed in the relation to the sub-microvoid.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
清造 剛, 平佐 一郎1972 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 15-22
発行日: 1972/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーWet spinning of polyethylene terephthalate was studied by using five single or mixed solvent systems of dichloroacetic acid, phenol-xylene, phenol-tetrachloroethane, trichloroacetic acid-tetra-chloroethane and trichloroacetic acid-chloroform.
It is found from the optical microscopic observation and small angle X-ray scattering that the wet spun fibers have heterogeneous cross-sections and contain many macro- and micro-voids. High crystalline and high oriented fibers can be obtained by drawing and heat-treatment. Mechanical properties of wet spun fibers are relatively poor, but dyeing and water absorbing properties are remarkably good compared with those of melt spun fibers. These properties of wet spun fibers are hardly influenced by solvents (5 kinds), polymer concentration (16_??_20%) or molecular weight (1.7×104_??_3.3×104).
These behaviors is discussed in terms of the lack of tie molecule in the amorphous region, probably due to the poor solubility of PET, and so the poor entanglement of molecular chains in spinning solutions, and in terms of the high void content, probably due to the high coagulating rate in wet spinning.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1299K) -
長野 正満1972 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 23-28
発行日: 1972/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe theoretical calculation of melt spinning of metals was carried out by applying the theory for the polymer melt spinning and it was confirmed that the results of calculation agrees approximately with the experimental ones.
The resulted equations are as follows;
a) Breaking length by filament weight (lc)
b) Breaking length by jet flow (Z*)
c) Changes of diameter and speed by filament falling
d) Coagulating length from nozzle (Zl)
e) Average temperature of filament after coagulation Where, α: surface tention, ρ: density, R0: radius of nozzle, g: acceleration of gravity, δ0: amplitute on vibration, d0: diameter of nozzle, Hf: latent heat, P: pressure, V: velocity at Z point, V0: ejection speed, Tm: temp. of metal, T*: surrounding temperature, T0: coagulating temperature, Cp: specific heat of metal, A0: area of nozzle The next relation is necessary for good spinning of metal filament.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (415K) -
大矢 精治, 山岸 康秀1972 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 29-36
発行日: 1972/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーA study was made on the reactions between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Cibacron dyes in alkaline aqueous solutions.
The reaction of PVA with Cibacron Brilliant Yellow 3G under various conditions (temperature, basicity, concentrations of dye and PVA) always stopped at a very low degree of bonding (of dye to PVA). This low degree of bonding may be attributed to: (1) the loss of dye due to hydrolysis, (2) the phase separation of PVA caused by a neutral salt, alkali and dye, and (3) low reactivities of both the dye and PVA.
The degree of bonding increased with repeated reactions for Brilliant-Yellow 3G, -Red 3B and -Red B, though the degree of bonding reached. constant values after the given reaction times, The degree of bonding at balance between formation and rupture of the bond was taken as maximum. This maximum value became greater in the decreasing order of the molecular size of dye, suggesting that the steric hindrance of the dye molecule bonded to the neighboring hydroxyl groups influences apparently the maximum degree of bonding. These maximum values approximately coincided with values calculated on the assumption that two dye molecules on the chain are situated so far apart from each other that the distance dose not exceed its molecular length. A balancing between the bonding and the hydrolysis, a mutual repulsion between sulfonic groups, the random coiling of PVA chain in the solution, etc. are considered to be responsible for the low degree of bonding.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1457K) -
川瀬 裕司1972 年 28 巻 1 号 p. 37-43
発行日: 1972/01/10
公開日: 2008/11/28
ジャーナル フリーThe cross-linked or non-cross-linked formalized poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers were prepared by formalizing PVA fibers under the conditions where the cross-links were formed or not, or by cleaving the cross-links of the cross-linked formalized products with dilute sulfuric acid. The elastic properties and the durability under the complicated stresses applied onto the fibers repeatedly in the wet state were examined on these fibers. The initial modulus, its temperature dependence and the elastic recovery in the standard state were scarcely affected by the cross-links. The durability in the wet twisting abrasion test and in the washing test appeared to be closely related to the content of cross-links.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (581K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|