繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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59 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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時評
特集<福祉と衣料>
連載<やさしい繊維基礎講座>
レポート
一般報文
  • ポリエチレンイミンの毛髪内部拡散に及ぼす尿素の影響
    葛原 亜起夫, 田畑 功, 堀 照夫
    2003 年 59 巻 4 号 p. 123-127
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/08/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.123
    ジャーナル フリー
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    In order to investigate the influence of urea on the diffusion of polyethylenimine(PEI) into human hair,cross sectional samples of white human hair treated with PEI solutions containing urea and no urea,were prepared.In particular,a method for analyzing the diffusion behavior of PEI in the bleached human hair was developed,in which the PEI parts in the cross-sectional samples were dyed with orange orange II and the cross sections were examined at a wavelength of 487 nm (λmax of orange II) with a microspectrophotometer.
    The penetration of PEI into virgin hair and bleached hair clearly increased by adding 20 wt % urea in all cases despite varying PEI molecular weights (600-20000) except for the virgin hair sample treated with PEI (Mw: 20000). Also, the diffusion pattern of PEI at pH 11.1 showed Fickian type characteristics regardless of adding urea or not. The diffusion coefficient of PEI (Mw: 600), with urea added, increased 2 times in comparison with that of PEI, with urea not added. From these experiments, it was demonstrated that urea acts as a penetration accelerator for PEI.
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  • 顕微分光光度法によるチオグリコール酸およびＬ－システインの毛髪内部拡散挙動の研究
    葛原 亜起夫, 田畑 功, 堀 照夫
    2003 年 59 巻 4 号 p. 128-132
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/08/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.128
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    In order to investigate the penetration of thioglycolic acid (TG) and L-cysteine (CYS), into human hair, cross-sectional samples of white human hair treated with TG and CYS were prepared. In particular, a method for analyzing the diffusion behavior of TG and CYS in human hair was developed. The TG parts and CYS parts in the cross-sectional samples were dyed with methylene blue and the cross sections were examined at a wavelength of 664 nm (λmax of methylene blue) with a microspectrophotometer.
    In our method, the penetration of TG in human hair clearly increased by increasing the treatment time and pH. On the other hand, the penetration of CYS in human hair almost unchanged by increasing the treatment time, and by raising pH. Also, the diffusion pattern of TG showed Fickian type characteristics. While, the diffusion pattern of CYS was Non-Fickian. By calculating the diffusion coefficient from the TG concentration profile, the apparent diffusion coefficient of TG at pH 9.0 was found to be the order of 10-9 cm2 ⁄s.
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  • Running of Color (“Nijimi”) in Cotton Cloth Tie-Dyed with Natural and Synthetic Indigo
    Miyoko Kawahito, Ryoko Yasukawa, Hiroshi Urakawa, Mitsuo Ueda, Kanji K ...
    2003 年 59 巻 4 号 p. 133-138
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/08/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.133
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    The characteristics of the running of color (“nijimi”) were quantitatively analyzed in order to elucidate the difference of natural indigo dyeing and conventional synthetic indigo dyeing. The luminance distribution curves and half-widths of the running of color were evaluated for the clothes tie-dyed with traditional natural indigo and conventional synthetic indigo. A single Gaussian function fits to the profile of the running of color produced by natural indigo reduced by fermentation, while the running of color produced by synthetic indigo prepared with sodium hydrosulfite was approximately represented by a linear sum of two Gaussian functions. The half-width profile of the running of color is in the following order : synthetic indigo ⁄ reduction method (sodium hydrosulfite) > synthetic indigo ⁄ reduction method (zinc powder) > natural indigo ⁄ reduction method (fermentation). The running of color is thus concluded to be due to the mode of indigo penetration into fiber, which depends on dyebath preparation. A critical difference in dyeing process is the speed of reduction of indigo, and could not be attributed to a small amount of impurity contained in natural indigo.
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  • 糖ラクトンを用いたPET布の親水化加工
    大江 猛, 吉村 由利香, 安部 郁夫
    2003 年 59 巻 4 号 p. 139-144
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/08/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.139
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    PET fabric aminolyzed initially by ethylenediamine were reacted with various sugar-lactone in order to increase their hydrophilicity. The adsorption-desorption isotherm and amount of water vapor adsorption on the fabrics were investigated concerning with aminolysis time of initial treatment and reaction times with sugar-lactones. Effects of the unit number and difference of sugar-lactones were discussed on the basis of water vapor adsorption results. Mechanical strength of PET fabrics treated here was also investigated by relating to the reaction times.
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  • Analysis of Thujopsene in Antimicrobial⁄Deodorant Processed Textiles as an Index of Hiba Oil
    Harunobu Nakashima, Yoshiki Onji, Tadashi Takatuka
    2003 年 59 巻 4 号 p. 145-152
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/08/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.145
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    The use of hiba oil (cypress oil) as a safe and natural antimicrobial agent for textiles is on the rise. For investigating the hiba oil content of commercially available textiles, the authors developed an analytical method using thujopsene, the main ingredient of hiba oil, as an index. First, standard fabrics were prepared by fixing microcapsules filled with hiba oil. Using these fabrics, detection of thujopsene by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC⁄MS), extraction of thujopsene from textiles, and purification of the extract were studied, and then an analytical method for finding thujopsene on the level of ng⁄g-fabric was established. Next, in order to estimate the survivability of thujopsene in marketed products, the JIS color fastness test was performed for the hiba-oil-treated fabrics, and the survival rate of thujopsene in those fabrics was observed. It was proven that thujopsene continued to remain on the level of ng⁄g-fabric. Furthermore, analysis of thujopsene was carried out for 23 kinds of textile products labeled “processed with hiba oil or hinokitiol,” which were purchased in the past five years. As a result, thujopsene was detected in 21 products, proving that most commercially available products had been processed with hiba oil. This analytical method is considered effective in determining whether a textile product was actually processed with hiba oil.
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技術報文
  • パルスコロナと酵素を用いた羊毛の防縮加工
    田原 充, 馬淵 伸明, 高岸 徹
    2003 年 59 巻 4 号 p. 153-157
    発行日: 2003年
    公開日: 2004/08/31
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.59.153
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Recently washable wool is strongly requested in order to avoid dry cleaning with chlorinated solvents such as perchloroethylene. So far wool top has been chlorinated for shrink proofing. However chlorination will be prohibited for AOX zero emission in the near future.
    In this article wool fibers and fabrics were treated by pulse corona discharge, followed by two kinds of enzymes, protease and keratinase. The effects of pulse corona discharge pretreatment and enzyme concentrations on the shrinkage, strength, weigh loss, surface property, and handle of the fibers were investigated. It was found that the treatment of enzyme, in particular the keratinase, after the pulse corona discharge is very effective for shrinkage, weight loss, and strength compared to the enzyme treatment alone.
    Scanning electron micrographs of wool surface after the treatment showed that the wool surface is treated uniformly with the enzymes, in particular the keratinase, after the pulse corona discharge, and the fibrillation of the fabrics reduces significantly. The dual treatment improves the shrinkage with little change of the strength and handle of the wool fabrics.
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