繊維学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-2259
Print ISSN : 0037-9875
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65 巻, 10 号
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  • The Effect of Applied Voltage and Laser Power on the Molecular Orientation of Laser-Electrospun Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Fibers
    Kazuhiro Nakata, Shinya Kinugawa, Midori Takasaki, Yutaka Ohkoshi, Yas ...
    2009 年 65 巻 10 号 p. 257-261
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2009/11/26
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.65.257
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Laser-electrospinning is a melt electrospinning process. We investigated the influence of the draw ratio, the laser power, and the applied voltage on the structure and properties of laser-electrospun poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers, specifically, their birefringence, boil-off shrinkage, and mechanical properties. We found that when the draw ratio was increased, the birefringence and the boil-off shrinkage of electrospun fibers increased, while their natural draw ratio and elongation at break decreased. In addition, when either the laser power or the applied voltage was increased, the birefringence decreased, whereas the natural draw ratio and elongation at break increased. The boil-off shrinkage also decreased with an increase in the draw ratio, but the laser power and applied voltage mainly influenced for lowbirefringence region.
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  • Studies on the Degraded State of Excavated Archaeological Silk Fibers using Infrared Micro-Spectroscopy and Curve Fitting Analysis
    Masanori Akada, Masanori Sato, Masayoshi Okuyama
    2009 年 65 巻 10 号 p. 262-266
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2009/11/26
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.65.262
    ジャーナル フリー
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    The almost archaeological silk fibers are heavily degraded due to the long-term preservation at underground. The authors have been continuing the scientific research on the degraded state of silk fibers using infrared microspectroscopy. Though we have previously reported results about the characteristics of deformed infrared spectra by curve fitting procedure of the secondary components of fibroin molecules, obtained results were not completed. In the present report, we used the modified procedure to get more reasonable peak top wavenumbers for curve fitting using the second and fourth derivative spectrum of sample infrared spectrum. The refined silk fiber (Bombyx mori) was used as a modern reference material. The samples of degraded silk fibers were excavated from Fujinoki tumulus (6th C. AD) and Shimoikeyama tumulus (3rd C AD) in Nara Pref. in Japan. As a result of curve fitting analysis, it was found that the Amide I peak of the reference silk fiber is consisted of eleven component peaks. The strong component peaks are at 1659 cm-1 (amorphous) and 1650 cm-1(beta-sheet). The infrared spectrum of Fujinoki sample showed thirteen component peaks in Amide I peak. Among them, peak at 1672 cm-1 (beta-sheet) showed strong intensity compared with that of corresponding reference spectrum. On the other hand, the component peak intensity at 1667-1655 cm-1 (amorphous) is evidently decreased compared with that of corresponding reference spectrum. Namely it was shown that the crystallinity of fibroin molecules increases in the degraded state.
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  • 酸化剤/酵素処理羊毛の酸性染料に対する染色性
    長嶋 直子, 高岸 徹, 濱田 州博, 田原 充
    2009 年 65 巻 10 号 p. 267-275
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2009/11/26
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.65.267
    ジャーナル フリー
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    To clarify the dyeability of shrink-proofed wool fabrics treated with permonosulfate (PMS) and a keratinase, the sorption behaviors of four kinds of leveling acid dyes containing mono-, di-, and tri-sulfonate groups were investigated. The dyeing rate and sorption isotherms were determined to elucidate the effects of the dye structure and the treatment of wool fibers. The dyeing rate was discussed using apparent diffusion coefficients. The sorption isotherms were analyzed using dual sorption mechanism to calculate the sorption parameters, the number of binding sites S , the intrinsic binding constant KL, and the partition coefficient KP. As a result, the dyeing rate and the equilibrium dye uptake for the fibers treated with PMS alone were much smaller than those of the untreated ones. The dyeing rate and the equilibrium dye uptake were restored by the subsequent treatment with the enzyme. The S and KL values were also decreased by the oxidation with PMS. On the other hand, the ESCA and FT-IR spectra showed the presence of cystine monoxide (-SO-S-), cystine dioxide (-SO2-S-), and cysteic acid (-SO3 -) after the treatment with PMS. The observations obtained for the dyeing behaviors can be explained in the presence of cysteic acid generated in the fibers after the PMS treatment. It is likely that the decrease of dye uptake and S is due to the neutralization between the cysteic acid introduced by the oxidation and the protonated amino groups in the fibers that work as the binding sites for the dye anions. This tendency appeared strongly for the tri-sulfonate dye compared to the mono-sulfonate dye.
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  • Formulation Studies and Properties Evaluation of Natural Semi-permanent Hair Dye Made from Gromwell Root and Sappan Wood
    Hanchieh Wang, Chonyu Chen
    2009 年 65 巻 10 号 p. 276-281
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2009/11/26
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.65.276
    ジャーナル フリー
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    Gromwell Root and Sappan Wood were extracted to prepare 8 different semi-permanent hair dye formulations under pH 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, 8, 9, 10, respectively. One commercialized hair dye was tested as the standard. Hair, after 8 shampoo washes with the Gromwell Root with pH 5 and Sappan Wood with pH 7, showed the best color differences, DE* 5.8 and 4.9, respectively, which were better than the DE* 15.54 from the commercialized fruit acid semi-permanent hair dye. By using a confocal microscope, the dyed hair after 8 shampoo washes still showed hair dye fluorescence below hair cuticle 0.01-0.03 mm.
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技術報文
  • プラスチック眼鏡レンズのレーザー染色
    植田 浩安, 犬塚 稔, 徳村 啓雨, 實野 孝久
    2009 年 65 巻 10 号 p. 282-286
    発行日: 2009年
    公開日: 2009/11/26
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2115/fiber.65.282
    ジャーナル フリー
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    This paper reports about tinting of polycarbonate (PC) eyeglass lens with laser. We have developed laser tinting using violet laser diode (VLD) and a CO2 laser. In order to dye eyeglass lens uniformly, it is important to spread disperse dyestuff on lens and plates. We selected the sublimation transfer tinting without contact, which was used as one of the technologies that spread dyestuff on the PC surface thinly. We have tested line tinting (200um) of PC plate(t=2 mm) with the sublimation transfer tinting without contact using VLD. Uniform tinting in small area(approximately 1x2 mm2) was achieved by scanning VLD light. The uniform tinting of large area was expected, so we tried to dye PC lens which is used widely. In order to dye wide area, we used a CO2 laser while eliminating the melt of the lens surface by the defocus. Recently, high refractive index lens are widely used, but it is very difficult to dye high refractive index lens uniformly. The dyestuff layer was thinly spread on the surface of the high refractive index lens by using the sublimation transfer tinting without contact, and uniform tinting on the lens were achieved by the CO2 laser.
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